Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 586 patients with Parkinson’s disease
Characteristica | Male (n = 347) | Female (n = 239) | P-value | EOPD (n = 86) | LOPD (n = 500) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 65.7 ± 10.2 | 64.1 ± 9.03 | 0.049 | 49.5 ± 6.8 | 67.7 ± 7.5 | < 0.001 |
Age at onset of PD, years | 61.5 ± 10.2 | 60. 6 ± 9.0 | 0.294 | 45.1 ± 5.2 | 63.9 ± 7.4 | < 0.001 |
Education, years | 9.0 (6.0–12.0) | 9.0 (2.0–9.0) | < 0.001 | 9.0 (6.0–12.0) | 9.0 (6.0–12.0) | 0.030 |
Duration of disease, months | 36.0 (22.0–72.0) | 36.0 (16.0–60.0) | 0.047 | 41.0 (17.8–84.0) | 36.0 (18.0–63.8) | 0.433 |
Daily LED, mg/d | 300 (0.0–400.0) | 200 (0.0–400.0) | 0.480 | 225 (0.0–450.0) | 250 (0.0–400.0) | 0.773 |
Hoehn-Yahr stage | 2.0 (1.5–2.5) | 2.0 (1.5–2.5) | 0.109 | 2.0 (1.5–2.5) | 2.0 (1.5–2.5) | 0.249 |
UPDRS I | 3.0 (2.0–5.0) | 3.0 (2.0–4.0) | 0.790 | 3.0 (1.0–4.0) | 3.0 (2.0–5.0) | < 0.001 |
UPDRS II | 9.0 (8.0–14.0) | 10.0 (7.0–14.0) | 0.240 | 9.0 (5.0–12.0) | 11.0 (7.0–14.0) | 0.001 |
UPDRS III | 24.0 (16.0–33.0) | 22.0 (12.0–30.0) | 0.004 | 21.0 (14.5–32.0) | 24.0 (15.0–32.8) | 0.430 |
Motor subtype | 0.104 | 0.023 | ||||
TD | 62 (17.8) | 52 (21.7) | 22 (25.6) | 88 (17.6) | ||
A-R | 252 (72.8) | 161 (67.3) | 50 (58.1) | 363 (72.6) | ||
MX | 33 (9.4) | 26 (11) | 14 (16.3) | 49 (9.8) | ||
Motor fluctuation | 47 (13.5) | 39 (16.3) | 0.330 | 11 (12.8) | 75 (15.0) | 0.583 |
Dyskinesia | 14 (4.0) | 15 (6.3) | 0.219 | 4 (4.7) | 25 (5.0) | 0.890 |
Cigarette smoking | 120 (34.6) | 5 (2.1) | < 0.001 | 23 (26.7) | 102 (20.4) | 0.185 |
Family history of PD | 25 (7.2) | 17 (7.1) | 0.966 | 11 (12.8) | 31 (6.2) | 0.029 |
History of hypertension | 82 (23.6) | 52 (21.8) | 0.596 | 12 (14.0) | 122 (24.4) | 0.033 |
History of diabetes mellitus | 24 (6.9) | 14 (5.9) | 0.609 | 3 (3.5) | 35 (7.0) | 0.222 |
Use of levodopa | 209 (60.2) | 146 (61.1) | 0.835 | 45 (52.3) | 310 (62.0) | 0.090 |
Use of dopamine agonists | 98 (28.2) | 57 (23.8) | 0.347 | 22 (25.6) | 133 (26.6) | 0.843 |
Use of MAOBI | 30 (8.6) | 15 (6.3) | 0.290 | 10 (11.6) | 35 (7.0) | 0.137 |
Use of amantadine | 51 (14.7) | 31 (13.0) | 0.554 | 15 (17.4) | 67 (13.4) | 0.318 |
Use of COMTI | 12 (3.5) | 3 (1.3) | 0.097 | 0 (0.0) | 15 (3.0) | 0.104 |
RBD | 126 (36.2) | 72 (30.0) | 0.110 | 24 (27.9) | 173 (34.2) | 0.253 |
HRSD | 7.0 (3.0–13.0) | 7.0 (3.0–15.0) | 0.446 | 7.0 (2.0–13.0) | 7.0 (3.0–14.0) | 0.682 |
MMSE | 28.0 (26.0–29.0) | 27.0 (26.0–29.0) | 0.055 | 29.0 (27.0–30.0) | 28.0 (26.0–29.0) | < 0.001 |