Table 1 Comparison of the characteristics of patients in the hyperplastic AM group and the non-hyperplastic AM group

AM thickness (μm)

49.62 (34.05–69.13)

71.42 (55.68–97.60)

33.99 (24.96–39.39)

Age

54.00 (39.00–68.00)

59.00 (45.00–70.00)

47.00 (17.00–65.00)

Sex (male/female)

31/42

16/21

15/22

 Cerebrovascular disease

44

23

21

 Brain tumor

21

12

9

 Others

9

2

7

Smoke (yes/no)

34/40

20/17

14/23

Systolic BP (mmHg)

120.00 (110.00–132.50)

130.00 (110.00–140.00)

120 (110.00–130.00)

Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)

201.00 (168.50–233.00)

205.00 (176.00–234.50)

187.00 (164.00–228.00)

HDL (mg/dL)

54.00 (42.50–67.00)

52.50 (42.50–65.00)

58.00 (43.00–70.00)

LDL (mg/dL)

121.00 (85.00–136.80)

126.00 (85.00–146.00)

107.00 (88.20–130.00)

Glucose metabolism disorders (yes/no)

15/59

7/30

8/29

A family history of CAD (yes/no)

1/72

1/36

0/36

ASCVD score [%]

6.00 (2.10–24.30)

11.10 (2.20–27.20)

4.30 (1.15–16.35)

Suita score

41.00 (23.00–51.30)

45.00 (31.00–54.00)

40.00 (−1.50–48.50)

Fibroblasts (×10⁻³/μm²)

88.48 (41.14–125.97)

110.16 (69.83–138.35)

65.84 (19.28–97.01)

CD68⁺ cell (×10⁻³/μm²)

2.825 (0.00–12.57)

7.28 (1.12–13.46)

0.00 (0.00–5.75)

CD86⁺ cell (×10⁻³/μm²)

0.00 (0.00–0.00)

0.00 (0.00–9.83)

0.00 (0.00–0.00)

CD206⁺ cell (×10⁻³/μm²)

0.00 (0.00–10.25)

3.63 (0.00–12.11)

0.00 (0.00–2.34)

TGFβ [fold change]

0.50 (0.03–1.76)

0.61 (0.00–2.13)

0.48 (0.18–1.63)

TNFα [fold change]

48.02 (0.00–1361.71)

114.89 (0.00–1008.17)

32.12 (0.00–1428.72)

VEGFα [fold change]

0.68 (0.09–2.24)

1.30 (0.29–2.85)

0.23 (0.07–1.60)