Table 2 Etiologies reported for the five most common crossed brainstem syndromes

Total

69

14

3

15

9

28

Stroke

40

6

0

4

7

23

 Embolic event

30

5

1

6

18

 Aneurysm clipping

3

1

1

1

 Artery dissection

2

1

1

 Transient ischemic attack

1

1

 Vasculitis

2

2

 Infectious thrombosis

1

1

 Sarcoidosis

1

1

Hemorrhage

16

4

1

8

1

2

 Hypertension

6

6

 Brainstem cavernous malformation

5

2

1

1

1

 Telangiectasia

1

1

 Post-operative complication

2

2

 Anticoagulant therapy

1

1

Compression

5

3

2

 Unruptured aneurysm

2

1

1

 Cyst / Virchow-Robin spaces

2

2

 Occipital fracture

1

1

Brain metastasis

3

1

2

Infection

3

2

1

 Brain abscess

2

1

1

 Encephalitis

1

1

Multiple sclerosis

1

1

Unknown

1

1