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Table 3 Exposure to antiepileptic drugs

From: Risk of ischaemic stroke associated with antiepileptic drugs: a population-based case-control study in Catalonia

N, %

Total N = 22,271

Cases N = 2,865

Controls N = 19,406

p-value

Carbamazepine exposure

1238, 5.6

169, 5.9

1069, 5.5

0.407

Current exposure

321, 1.4

52, 1.8

269, 1.4

Past exposure

202, 0.9

32, 1.1

170, 0.9

Monotherapy

140, 0.6

15, 0.5

125, 0.6

Clonazepam

4675, 21.0

570, 19.9

4105, 21.2

0.128

Current

1089, 4.9

135, 4.7

954, 4.9

Past

1019, 4.6

124, 4.3

895, 4.6

Monotherapy

525, 2.4

52, 1.8

473, 2.4

Gabapentin

8861, 39.8

1138, 39.7

7723, 39.8

0.951

Current

1814, 8.1

296, 10.3

1518, 7.8

Past

1994, 9.0

244, 8.5

1750, 9,0

Monotherapy

1060, 4.8

177, 6.2

883, 4.6

Lamotrigine

575, 2.6

94, 3.3

481, 2.5

0.012

Current

191, 0.9

38, 1.3

153, 0.8

Past

146, 0.7

21, 0.7

125, 0.6

Monotherapy

72, 0.3

14, 0.5

58, 0.3

Levetiracetam

654, 2.9

231, 8.1

423, 2.2

<0.001

Current

383, 1.7

166, 5.8

217, 1.1

Past

62, 0.3

10, 0.3

52, 0.3

Monotherapy

187, 0.8

90, 3.1

97, 0.5

Oxcarbazepine

556, 2.5

83, 2.9

473, 2.5

0.137

Current

149, 0.7

27, 0.9

122, 0.6

Past

131, 0.6

20, 0.7

111, 0.6

Monotherapy

66, 0.3

11, 0.4

55, 0.3

Phenobarbital

520, 2.3

85, 3.0

435, 2.2

0.018

Current

205, 0.9

39, 1.4

166, 0.9

Past

124, 0.6

28, 1.0

96, 0.5

Monotherapy

58, 0.3

10, 0.3

48, 0.2

Phenytoin

610, 2.7

128, 4.5

482, 2.5

<0.001

Current

232, 1.0

49, 1.7

183, 0.9

Past

121, 0.5

25, 0.9

96, 0.5

Monotherapy

96, 0.4

17, 0.6

79, 0.4

Pregabalin

9720, 43.6

1100, 38.4

8620, 44.4

<0.001

Current

1829, 8.2

239, 8.3

1590, 8.2

Past

2586, 11.6

285, 9.9

2301, 11.9

Monotherapy

1058, 4.8

119, 4.2

939, 4.8

Topiramate

1088, 4.9

168, 5.9

920, 4.7

0.010

Current

176, 0.8

36, 1.3

140, 0.7

Past

285, 1.3

45, 1.6

240, 1.2

Monotherapy

77, 0.3

9, 0.3

68, 0.4

Valproic acid

1037, 4.7

192, 6.7

845, 4.4

<0.001

Current

367, 1.6

92, 3.2

275, 1.4

Past

214, 1.0

28, 1.0

186, 1.0

Monotherapy

175, 0.8

39, 1.4

136, 0.7