Table 3 Post-PSM comparison of the baseline data of the enrolled patients receiving different treatment regimens within 4.5 h of stroke onset

Age, years, mean ± SD

73.53 ± 6.88

72.05 ± 8.44

76.34 ± 9.30

0.076

Male, n (%)

18 (47.4)

18 (47.4)

20 (52.6)

0.869

Aetiology of cerebral embolism

  Non-valvular atrial fibrillation, n (%)

36 (94.7)

36 (94.7)

36 (94.7)

1.000

  Rheumatic valvular heart disease, n (%)

2 (5.3)

2 (5.3)

2 (5.3)

1.000

  Dilated cardiomyopathy, n (%)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

–

Concomitant diseases

  Diabetes, n (%)

4 (10.5)

5 (13.2)

11 (28.9)

0.074

  Hypertension, n (%)

33 (86.8)

28 (73.7)

33 (86.8)

0.220

  Previous history of stroke, n (%)

1 (2.6)

4 (10.5)

3 (7.9)

0.390

  Prior non-cerebrovascular events, n (%)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

1 (2.6)

0.365

Lesion characteristics

  Single large lesion, n (%)

15 (39.5)

16 (42.1)

11 (28.9)

0.453

  Single small lesion, n (%)

5 (13.2)

2 (5.3)

4 (10.5)

0.619

  Fusion and multiple lesions, n (%)

12 (31.6)

10 (26.3)

15 (39.5)

0.467

  Small, scattered lesions, n (%)

6 (15.8)

10 (26.3)

8 (21.1)

0.531

OCSP classification

  TACI, n (%)

14 (36.8)

19 (50.0)

15 (39.5)

0.470

  PACI, n (%)

18 (47.4)

12 (31.6)

12 (31.6)

0.257

  POCI, n (%)

2 (5.3)

3 (7.9)

8 (21.1)

0.138

  LACI, n (%)

4 (10.5)

4 (10.5)

3 (7.9)

1.000

Blood biochemical indices

  INR, M (IQR)

1.08 (1.04, 1.13)

1.06 (1.01, 1.12)

1.09 (1.04, 1.14)

0.697

  Plasma D-dimer, µg/mL, M (IQR)

3.07 (1.50, 5.62)

1.33 (0.95, 1.89)

1.61 (0.76, 2.96)

< 0.001^*

  Scr, µmol/L, M (IQR)

75.50 (60.50, 91.00)

71.00 (62.50, 81.00)

75.00 (56.00, 90.50)

0.504

  Hcy, µmol/L, M (IQR)

15.66 (12.60, 18.42)

13.70 (11.12, 15.65)

16.60 (11.12, 18.12)

0.234

  CRP, mg/L, M (IQR)

7.7 (6.2, 8.6)

7.3 (6.1, 13.0)

7.6 (6.5, 11.0)

0.523