Table 1 Laboratory investigations
From: Guillain-Barré syndrome as the first presentation of human immunodeficiency virus infection
Sample | Parameters evaluated | Value |
|---|---|---|
Blood | Aspartate-aminotransferase (ALT) | 190 U/L (3xULN) |
Alanine-aminotransferase (AST) | 112 U/L (3 × ULN) | |
γ-glutamyl transpeptidase | 192 (N < 55 U/L) | |
Hemoglobin, blood glucose, uremia, creatinine, ions, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin,lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine-phosphokinase, C-reactive protein, immunoglobulins (total IgG, IgM, IgA), coagulation tests | Negative or within normal ranges | |
Antinuclear antibodies and Antiganglioside antibodies | Negative | |
HIV antigen/antibody (Ag/Ab) test ˗ CD4+ cell count and % ˗ CD4+/CD8+ ratio ˗ HIV viral load ˗ HLA-B*57:01 | Positive 219/mL; 22.8% 0.38 97,800 copies/mL Detected | |
Hepatitis B virus markers | HBsAb positive, total HBcAb, and HBsAg: negative | |
Hepatitis C Virus-Ab | Negative | |
Syphilis screening | Negative | |
Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1/2 | IgG Ab positive | |
Cerebrospinal Fluid (first sample) | Cells | 1/mm3 |
Proteins | 35 mg/dL | |
Glucose | 71 mg/dL (95 mg/dL blood glucose) | |
Oligoclonal IgG bands, testing for JC virus and cryptococcus, Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel | Negative | |
HIV viral load | 13,200 copies/mL | |
Cerebrospinal Fluid (a week after) | Cells | 1/mm3 |
Proteins | 68 mg/dL | |
Glucose | 70 mg/dL (94 mg/dL blood glucose) | |
Culture for bacteria and fungi | Negative |