Table 1 Basic information of patients with dystrophinopathy
From: Serum creatinine as a biomarker for dystrophinopathy: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study
| Â | Â | Number (%) | Â | Total number (%) | Age (y) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0–4 y | 5–9 y | 10–14 y | 15–19 y | 20–25 y | |||
Ethnic | 101 | 208 | 47 | 11 | 10 | 377 | Â |
 East Asian | 101 (100.00) | 208 (100.00) | 47 (100.00) | 11 (100.00) | 10 (100.00) | 377 (100.00) | 7 (4–9) |
Clinical phenotype | 101 | 208 | 47 | 11 | 10 | 377 | Â |
 BMD | 19 (18.81) | 44 (21.15) | 15 (31.91) | 7 (63.64) | 9 (90.00) | 94 (24.93) | 7 (5–12) |
 DMD | 82 (81.19) | 164 (78.85) | 32 (68.09) | 4 (36.36) | 1 (10.00) | 283 (75.07) | 7 (4–8) |
Vignos scale | 78 (77.23) | 205 (98.56) | 46 (97.87) | 11 (100.00) | 9 (90.00) | 349 (92.57) | 7 (5–9) |
Brooke scale | 78 (77.23) | 202 (97.12) | 37 (78.72) | 11 (100.00) | 9 (90.00) | 337 (89.39) | 7 (5–9) |
complete GSGC scale | 18 (17.82) | 45 (21.63) | 19 (40.43) | 5 (45.45) | 3 (30.00) | 90 (23.87) | 7 (5–10) |
 Gait | 42 (41.58) | 107 (51.44) | 33 (70.21) | 7 (63.64) | 4 (40.00) | 193 (51.19) | 7 (5–9) |
 Time to walk 10 m | 8 (7.92) | 20 (9.62) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (20.00) | 30 (7.96) | 6.5 (4–8) |
 Climbing stairs | 24 (23.76) | 54 (25.96) | 27 (57.45) | 6 (54.55) | 3 (30.00) | 114 (30.24) | 7 (5–10.25) |
 Time to climb four standard steps | 14 (13.86) | 20 (9.62) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (20.00) | 36 (9.55) | 5 (4–7) |
 Gowers’ manoeuvre | 46 (45.54) | 111 (53.37) | 33 (70.21) | 8 (72.73) | 5 (50.00) | 203 (53.85) | 7 (5–9) |
 Time to stand up from ground | 41 (40.59) | 66 (31.73) | 7 (14.89) | 2 (18.18) | 3 (30.00) | 119 (31.56) | 6 (4–8) |
 Arising from a chair | 18 (17.82) | 51 (24.52) | 24 (51.06) | 5 (45.45) | 3 (30.00) | 101 (26.79) | 8 (5–10) |
 Time to arise from sitting | 10 (9.90) | 27 (12.98) | 3 (6.38) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (20.00) | 42 (11.14) | 7 (4.75–8) |
 Loss of ambulation | 0 (0.00) | 7 (3.37) | 16 (34.04) | 4 (36.37) | 1 (10.00) | 28 (7.43) | 11 (9.5–13.5) |
MRI in legs | 5 (4.95) | 21 (10.10) | 4 (8.51) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 30 (7.96) | 6.9 ± 2.71 |
Muscle biopsy | 3 (2.97) | 12 (5.77) | 3 (6.38) | 1 (9.09) | 2 (20.00) | 21 (5.57) | 8(6–10) |
Glucocorticoid administration | |||||||
 Oral administration | 10 (9.90) | 74 (35.58) | 20 (42.55) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (20.00) | 106 (28.12) | 7 (6–9) |
 None | 68 (67.33) | 131 (62.98) | 20 (42.55) | 2 (18.18) | 2 (20.00) | 223 (59.15) | 6 (4–8) |
 Unknown | 23 (22.77) | 3 (1.44) | 7 (14.89) | 9 (81.82) | 6 (60.00) | 48 (12.73) | 5.5 (3–15) |
Mutation analysis | 101 | 204 | 45 | 11 | 9 | 370 | Â |
 Deletion | 68 (67.33) | 138 (67.65) | 27 (60.00) | 6 (54.55) | 6 (66.67) | 245 (66.22) | 6.5 (4–9) |
 Duplication | 11 (10.89) | 22 (10.78) | 7 (15.56) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 40 (10.81) | 7.23 ± 3.18 |
 Point mutation | 22 (21.78) | 44 (21.57) | 11 (24.44) | 5 (45.45) | 3 (33.33) | 85 (22.97) | 7 (4–9) |