Table 1 Demographics, clinical characteristics and neuropsychological assessment of the study sample

Women (%)

31 (54)

35 (61)

30(63)

0.645^b

Age (years)

67.74 (8.28)

66.33 (7.47)

66.75 (7.41)

0.613^a

Years of education

6.14 (5.38)

9.53 (4.71)

11.69(3.48)

<0.001^a

MMSE score

15.28 (5.22)

26.35 (1.58)

28.60(1.11)

<0.001^a

 1 (%)

21 (37)

 2 (%)

22 (39)

 3 (%)

14 (25)

 TIV (cm³)

1314.27 (109.09)

1352.93

(99.70)

1368.67

(103.03)

0.023^a

 Frame-wise displacement (mm)

0.21(0.14)

0.22(0.16)

0.18(0.11)

0.466^a

 Fazekas score

2(1–3)

1(0.5–2.5)

1(1–2)

0.229^c

 AVLT (immediate)

2.01(1.62)

5.89(2)

9.04(1.76)

<0.001^a

 AVLT (delay)

0(0–0)

4.46(3.08)

10.13(2.77)

<0.001^c

 AVLT (recognize)

10(6–12)

12(11–14)

14(13.5–15)

<0.001^c

VFT (Animals)

9(7–10)

13(10.5–14.5)

18.13(3.93)

<0.001^c

DSpF

5(4–6)

7(6–8)

8(7–8)

<0.001^c

DSpB

3(2–3)

4(3–5)

5(4–6)

<0.001^c

 Episodic memory^d

−2.70(1.65)

0.27(1.58)

2.88(1.22)

<0.001^a

 Semantic memory^d

−0.85(0.63)

0.04(− 0.43–0.32)

1.0(0.74)

<0.001^c

 Working memory^d

−1.48(1.63)

0.29(1.24)

1.42(1.32)

<0.001^a