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Table 3 Crude and adjusted Cox regressions of the association between the individual biomarkers and ischemic stroke recurrence, death and the composite endpoint (ischemic stroke recurrence and death)

From: Neopterin and kynurenic acid as predictors of stroke recurrence and mortality: a multicentre prospective cohort study on biomarkers of inflammation measured three months after ischemic stroke

  

Crude

Model 1

Model 2

 

HR

CI

P

HR

CI

p

HR

CI

P

Recurrent ischemic stroke, N = 16

 

CRP1)

0.90

(0.44, 1.83)

0.772

0.86

(0.41, 1.77)

0.674

0.92

(0.44, 1.90)

0.816

 

IL-6

1.11

(0.67, 1.86)

0.686

1.19

(0.52, 1.97)

0.578

1.10

(0.30, 2.02)

0.754

 

Neopterin

1.34

(0.85, 2.11)

0.209

1.45

(0.82, 2.57)

0.201

1.39

(0.80, 2.41)

0.244

 

PAr

1.16

(0.71, 1.90)

0.553

1.13

(0.61, 2.10)

0.692

1.24

(0.67, 2.31)

0.494

 

KA

0.91

(0.55, 1.50)

0.710

0.82

(0.41, 1.61)

0.563

0.89

(0.43, 1.86)

0.761

Death2, N = 28

 

CRP1)

1.81

(1.29, 2.53)

0.001

1.40

(1.01, 1.96)

0.046

1.41

(1.00, 1.99)

0.053

 

IL-6

1.74

(1.20, 2.51)

0.003

1.34

(0.87, 2.07)

0.181

1.36

(0.87, 2.12)

0.173

 

Neopterin

1.93

(1.43, 2.61)

< 0.001

1.44

(0.89, 2.33)

0.136

1.55

(0.91, 2.64)

0.104

 

PAr

1.69

(1.15, 2.49)

0.008

1.11

(0.68, 1.82)

0.666

1.13

(0.67, 1.90)

0.641

 

KA

1.12

(0.75, 1.66)

0.577

0.64

(0.38, 1.07)

0.088

0.69

(0.41, 1.14)

0.145

Stroke and death, N = 41

 

CRP1)

1.59

(1.16, 2.18)

0.004

1.27

(0.92, 1.74)

0.140

1.27

(0.93, 1.74)

0.135

 

IL-6

1.47

(1.08, 2.02)

0.016

1.23

(0.85, 1.77)

0.274

1.23

(0.85, 1.77)

0.275

 

Neopterin

1.79

(1.39, 2.31)

< 0.001

1.52

(1.06, 2.20)

0.023

1.55

(1.06, 2.27)

0.025

 

PAr

1.62

(1.19, 2.22)

0.002

1.28

(0.86, 1.90)

0.224

1.34

(0.89, 2.01)

0.162

 

KA

1.27

(0.58, 2.79)

0.555

0.55

(0.19, 1.54)

0.252

0.60

(0.21, 1.71)

0.339

  1. HR = hazard ratio. CI = confidence interval. CRP = C-reactive protein. IL-6 = Interleukin-6. PAr = PAr-index = pyridoxic acid ratio-index = 4-pyridoxic acid:(pyridoxal+pyridoxal-5`-phosphate). KA = kynurenic acid. Each biomarker was investigated individually
  2. Model 1: Age, sex, prior cerebrovascular disease, modified Rankin Scale at 3 months, creatinine
  3. Model 2: As in model 1 + TOAST-classification at baseline (TOAST = Trial of Org 10,172 in Acute Stroke Treatment)
  4. 1For CRP, N = 212, 8 and 13 for all, recurrent IS and death, respectively
  5. 2Includes both those with and without ischemic stroke recurrence prior to death