Total magnetic resonance imaging of cerebral small vessel disease burden predicts dysphagia in patients with a single recent small subcortical infarct

Table 2 Radiological data of single-RSSI patients with dysphagia and controls

Variable	Dysphagia (n = 54)	Controls (n = 254)	χ²/z	P
Single-RSSI Location, n (%)
Basal Ganglia	23(42.59)	119(46.85)	χ² = 0.10	0.75
Thalamus	1(1.85)	35(13.78)	z = 0	1.00
Centrum Semiovale	8(14.82)	52(20.47)	χ² = 1.47	0.23
Pons	22(40.74)	48(18.90)	χ² = 12.10	0.50 × 10^− 3
Lesion in Left Hemisphere, n (%)	31(57.41)	135(53.15)	χ² = 0.32	0.57
MRI features of SVD, n (%)
Lacunes	44(81.48)	130(51.18)	χ² = 16.64	< 1.00 × 10^− 3*
Perivascular Spaces	36(66.67)	77(30.31)	χ² = 25.34	< 1.00 × 10^− 3*
WMH Fazekas 2–3^a	26(48.15)	65(25.59)	χ² = 10.89	1.00 × 10^− 3
Microbleeds	16(29.63)	17(6.69)	χ² = 24.49	< 1.00 × 10⁻³*

*: p < 0.001
^a WMH refers to white matter hyperintensities
Categorical data differences in patients and controls are represented with statistical significance based on chi-squared test (χ² & p) or Fisher’s exact test (Z & p). Patients located in pons suffered from dysphagia more often (OR = 2.95, p = 0.50 × 10^− 3), and there were no significant differences between patients located in the basal ganglia, thalamus and centrum semiovale (OR = 0.91, p = 0.75; OR = 0.00, p = 1.00; OR = 0.47, p = 0.23, respectively). There were no associations between the laterality of the single RSSI side and dysphagia (left, 57.41% vs 53.15%; p = 0.57). MRI features of SVD (including lacunes, perivascular spaces, WMH Fazekas 2–3 and microbleeds) were significantly different between single-RSSI patients with and without dysphagia

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