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Table 1 Demographical and clinical characteristics and results from CSF analysis of included patients. For groups, values resemble mean with SD in brackets

From: Toscana virus encephalitis in Southwest Germany: a retrospective study

 

Case 1

Case 2

Case 3

Case 4

TOSV overall (n = 4)

Enterovirus (n = 27)

TOSV-Antibiodies in serum (baseline)

IgM: 1/320

IgG: 1/1280

IgM: 1/1280

IgG: 1/320

IgM: 1/160

IgM: 1/80

  

TOSV-Antibiodies in serum (1–2 weeks)

IgM: 1/1280

IgG: 1/5120

IgM: 1/640

IgG: 1/640

n.a.

n.a.

  

TOSV-Antibodies in CSF

IgG (1:20)

n.a.

negative

negative

  

TOSV diagnosis

definite

definite

possible

possible

  

Age [yrs]

70

21

71

80

60.5 (26.7)

35

Sex

m

f

f

f

 

14 f: 13 m

Clinical presentation

meningoencephalitis

meningitis, myelitis

meningoencephalitis

meningoencephalitis

 

meningitis (100%)

CSF cell count [/μl]

162

681

10

53

226.5 (309.7)

319.8 (395.6)

Total protein [mg/dl]

736

3460

612

498

1326.5 (1425.7)

60.7 (21.9)

AQa

9.4

52.3

2.67

7.9

18.1 (23.0)

7.2 (2.8)

Intrathecal Immunoglobulin-synthesis

IgM

none

none

none

 

IgM n = 2

IgA n = 2

Lactate [mmol/l]

3.62

4.93

2.67

1.91

3.3 (1.3)

2.2 (0.6)

CSF cytology

lymphocytes 90%, monocytes 10% activated lymphocytes +

granulocytes 60%

lymphocytes 30%

monocytes 10%

lymphocytes 90%

monocytes 10%

lymphocytes: 90%

monocytes: 10%

  

MRI/CT abnormalities

none

none

none

none

none

none

WBCa

5.52

6.6

9.0

7.8

7.23 (1.5)

8.1 (2.5)

CRP [mg/l]a

< 3

8

9

53

23.3 (25.7)

13.7 (14.1)

Transaminasesa

normal

AST, ALT, GGT elevated

normal

normal

 

1/27 elevated GGT/ALT

Lenght of stay in hospital [days]

7

18

14

16

13.75 (4.8)

5.5 (2.8)

Clinical outcome

no sequelae

Residual paraparesis, slight cognitive impairment

no sequelae

no sequelae

1/4 (25%) sequelae

3/27 (11%) sequelae

(headache n = 1, fatigue n = 2)

  1. aAQ albumin quotient, WBC white blood cell count, CRP C-reactive protein, AST aspartat transaminase, ALT alanin transaminase, GGT gamma-glutamyltransferase