Table 1 Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the participants
Control(n = 50) | PD(n = 50) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, median (IQR), y | 66.5(6) | 68.0(5) | 0.450 |
Male,n(%) | 34(68.0) | 31(62) | 0.675 |
Smoke,n(%) | 6(12.0) | 2(4.0) | 0.269 |
Alcohol consumption,n(%) | 4(8.0) | 1(2.0) | 0.359 |
Hypertension,n(%) | 12(24.0) | 12(24.0) | 1.000 |
Diabetes mellitus,n(%) | 7(14.0) | 8(16.0) | 1.000 |
Bilirubin,median (IQR),median (IQR),μmol/L | 16.20(6.90) | 15.70(9.12) | 0.728 |
Creatinine,mean ± Std.Error,μmoI/L | 70.78 ± 1.66 | 69.08 ± 2.12 | 0.530 |
Total cholesterol,mean ± Std.Error,mmol/L | 4.99 ± 0.12 | 4.64 ± 0.14 | 0.065 |
Triglycerides,median (IQR),mmol/L | 1.31(0.96) | 1.23(1.19) | 0.463 |
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol,mean ± Std.Error,mmol/L | 1.53 ± 0.05 | 1.49 ± 0.04 | 0.558 |
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,mean ± Std.Error,mmol/L | 2.91 ± 0.09 | 2.47 ± 0.12 | 0.005 |
Disease duration,median (IQR),m | 51.5(48) | ||
Hoehn-Yahr stage | 2.5(0.5) | ||
UPDRS part III score,mean ± Std.Error | 42.82 ± 2.20 | ||
MMSE score,mean ± Std.Error | 20.24 ± 0.73 | ||
Motor complications, n(%) | |||
End-of-dose phenomenon | 25(50.0) | ||
Dyskinesia | 7(14.0) | ||
Freezing | 16(32.0) | ||
Non-motor symptoms | |||
HAMA score,median (IQR) | 15(14.0) | ||
HAMD score,median (IQR) | 11.5(12.0) | ||
Paresthesia,n(%) | 46(92.0) | ||
Dysautonomia,n(%) | 48(98.0) | ||
Sleep disorders,n(%) | 36(72.0) | ||
RBD,n(%) | 20(40.0) | ||
Drug therapy,n(%) | |||
LEDD(mg) | 555.5 ± 38.9 | ||
Levodopa(levodopa and serazide or kazodidopa) | 38(76.0) | ||
Dopamine agonist(pramipexole,pyrenoid or bromocriptine) | 31(62.0) | ||
MAOI(selegiline or rasagiline) | 9(18.0) | ||
Amantadine | 25(50.0) | ||
Trihexyphenidyl | 14(28.0) | ||
Tizanidine | 16(32.0) | ||