Table 2 Long-term functional outcome in subjects with critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy

Zochodne DW et al²⁴ (1987) [24]

N = 19;

(9 M, 10 F, mean age 64);

CIP = 19

10 mos-2 yrs

none

EMG, histological examination

8 (41.1%) pts showed good functional recovery; of these 6 pts had EMG improvement within 3 months. One pt had mild distal limb weakness at 12 wks and one had mildly weak dorsiflexion of right foot, at 2yrs; 11 (58%) pts died

Coronel B et al²⁵ (1990) [25]

N = 15/4

(12 M, 3 F, mean age 47);

CIP = 15

4–8 yrs

none

EMG, muscle biopsies

3 pts: 2 pts had persisting dysesthesia; one needing assistance to sit and walk

death: 5 pts (33%)

Hund EF et al³³ (1996) [33]

N = 7

(3 M, 4 F)

3 mos to 3.5 yrs

none

EMG; muscle and nerve biopsy (3 pts)

2 (28.5%) pt gained complete recovery;

3 (42.8%) pts showed disability due to CNS lesions; 2 pts died

Lacomis D. et al³⁵ (1997) [35]

N = 92;

N = 49

CIM = 37^a; CIP = 12

12 – 60 mos

none

EMG; muscle biopsies (22 pts)

25 (51%) pts had complete functional recovery: 17 pts were ambulatory within 4 months and 8 pts within 4–12 months;

7 pts showed incomplete functional recovery: 4 pts remained non ambulatory and 3 remained dependent on the ventilator; 16 pts died

de Sèze M. et al³⁶ (2000) [36]

N = 19, only CIP (14 M 5 F; mean age 55,9 yrs)

2 yrs

None

MRC;

sensory findings

11 (57.8%) patients recovered completely;

4 (21%) patients remained quadriplegic; 2 patients remained quadriparetic; 2 pts died

Fletcher S.N. et al³⁹ (2003) [39]

N = 22;

CIP = 22;

62 yrs (45–78);

3.5 yrs (range, 12–57 mos)

Barthel Index

neurologic examination; EMG

19 (86.3%) pts had recovery quantified to BI 95–100; 2 pts incomplete recovery (BI score 85); 1 pts severe disabled; 95% patients had EMG evidence of chronic partial denervation

Intiso D et al⁴¹ (2011) [41]

N = 42 (23 M, 19F, mean age 58.4 ± 13.9);

CIP = 30 pts;  CIM = 6 pts CIP/CIM = 6 pts

5 yrs; mean 31.7 ± 15.8 months

Barthel scale and mRS

SF-36 questionnaire

31 (73.8%) pts (24 pts with just CIPNM and 7 pts with CIPNM and CNS involvement) gained recovery with a mean Barthel of 86.7 ± 15.9 (P < 0.001), and the median mRS of 1 (IQR: 0–3), respectively, at follow-up (mean 31.7 ± 15.8 months)