Table 3 Headache related characteristics among the participants with migraine (n = 503)
Characteristics | N | % |
|---|---|---|
Intensity of headache | ||
Mild | 163 | 32.4 |
Moderate | 185 | 36.8 |
Severe | 155 | 30.8 |
Frequency of headache during past month | ||
0–5 | 111 | 22.1 |
6–10 | 184 | 36.6 |
11–15 | 137 | 27.2 |
> 15 | 71 | 14.1 |
Associated symptoms | ||
Nausea | 407 | 80.9 |
Vomiting | 264 | 52.5 |
Photophobia | 337 | 67.0 |
Characteristic of headache | ||
Unilateral | 389 | 77.3 |
Bilateral | 114 | 22.7 |
Pulsating | 428 | 85.1 |
Throbbing | 75 | 14.9 |
Frequency of analgesic use during the past month | ||
0–5 | 214 | 42.5 |
6–10 | 155 | 30.8 |
11–15 | 99 | 19.7 |
> 15 | 35 | 7.0 |
Frequency of healthcare facility visit during the past 12 months | ||
Never | 293 | 58.3 |
Once | 110 | 21.9 |
Twice | 72 | 14.3 |
3 times | 17 | 3.4 |
> 3 times | 11 | 2.2 |
Migraine triggers (as reported by the participants in open ended question) | ||
Stress | 356 | 70.8 |
Irregular sleep | 237 | 47.1 |
Academic pressure | 167 | 33.2 |
External noise (e.g. loudspeaker, crowd etc.) | 142 | 28.2 |
Electronic device use (e.g. laptop, mobile phones? | 124 | 24.7 |
Physical activity | 89 | 17.7 |
Exposure to sun | 74 | 14.7 |
Menstruation in female | 63 | 12.5 |
Smoking | 46 | 9.1 |
Specific food or drink (e.g. coffee, tea, chocolates etc.) | 38 | 7.6 |
Others | 56 | 11.1 |