Table 1 Baseline characteristics, clinical symptoms and laboratory and MRI findings of patients with ICH before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
| Total | COVID-19 pandemic | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | N = 103 |
Previous n = 91, 88% |
Midst n = 12, 12% | P |
| Mean age, y | 67.0 ± 13.9 | 68.3 ± 13.5 | 57.8 ± 14.3 | 0.027 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 67 (65) | 58 (64) | 9 (75) | 0.655 |
| BMI, kg/m2, a | 23.0 ± 4.1 | 23.0 ± 4.0 | 23.0 ± 5.2 | 0.85 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 172.3 ± 52.7 | 171.5 ± 54.7 | 178.3 ± 34.6 | 0.441 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 95.0 ± 22.4 | 93.7 ± 22.1 | 104.8 ± 24.6 | 0.057 |
| Risk factors, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 93 (90) | 84 (92) | 9 (75) | 0.166 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 20 (19) | 19 (21) | 1 (8) | 0.519 |
| Dyslipidemia | 64 (62) | 60 (66) | 4 (33) | 0.061 |
| Smoking | 24 (23) | 20 (22) | 4 (33) | 0.609 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 20 (19) | 19 (21) | 1 (8) | 0.519 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 11 (11) | 10 (11) | 1 (8) | 0.828 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 11 (11) | 10 (11) | 1 (8) | 0.828 |
| History of stroke | 17 (17) | 16 (18) | 1 (8) | 0.691 |
| Preceding treatment, n (%) | ||||
| Oral anticoagulants | 11 (11) | 10 (11) | 1 (8) | 0.828 |
| Antiplatelet agents | 19 (18) | 18 (20) | 1 (8) | 0.572 |
| Clinical symptoms | ||||
| mRS before ICH | 0.5 ± 1.1 | 0.6 ± 1.1 | 0.2 ± 0.6 | 0.189 |
| NIHSS on admission | 8.5 ± 9.1 | 8.4 ± 9.4 | 9.4 ± 6.4 | 0.285 |
| mRS at discharge | 2.5 ± 1.9 | 2.4 ± 1.9 | 2.7 ± 1.8 | 0.646 |
| NIHSS at discharge | 6.6 ± 11.6 | 6.6 ± 11.8 | 6.6 ± 10.3 | 0.386 |
| Neurological deterioration with NIHSS ≥4 | 7 (7) | 6 (7) | 1 (8) | 0.7 |
| Death during hospitalization | 6 (6) | 6 (7) | 0 (0) | 0.794 |
| Latency from ICH onset to radiological imaging, b | 269 ± 314 | 290 ± 334 | 149 ± 113 | 0.106 |
| CT findings | ||||
| Hematoma volume (cm3) | 16.8 ± 26.5 | 17.1 ± 27.9 | 14.6 ± 11.1 | 0.371 |
| Hematoma expansion | 7 (7) | 10 (11) | 2 (17) | 0.922 |
| Intraventricular penetration | 34 (33) | 31 (34) | 3 (25) | 0.763 |
| MRI findings | ||||
| Location of hemorrhage | 0.245 | |||
| Thalamus | 28 (27) | 26 (29) | 2 (17) | |
| Putamen | 38 (37) | 30 (33) | 8 (67) | |
| Subcortical | 26 (25) | 25 (27) | 1 (8) | |
| Infratentorium | 7 (7) | 6 (7) | 1 (8) | |
| Others | 4 (4) | 4 (4) | 0 (0) | |
| PVH | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 0.69 |
| DSWMH | 1.1 ± 0.9 | 1.1 ± 0.9 | 0.8 ± 0.6 | 0.208 |
| CMBs | 67 (68) | 59 (69) | 8 (67) | 0.844 |
| Latency from ICH onset to blood sampling, b | 244 ± 310 | 266 ± 330 | 123 ± 100 | 0.239 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||
| LDL-C, mg/dl, a | 111.1 ± 41.6 | 111.8 ± 42.9 | 106.3 ± 28.9 | 0.783 |
| HDL-C, mg/dl, a | 56.2 ± 19.5 | 56.2 ± 20.0 | 56.6 ± 14.7 | 0.835 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dl, a | 127.0 ± 99.6 | 123.9 ± 95.7 | 150.3 ± 126.8 | 0.763 |
| eGFR (ml/min) | 78.0 ± 31.1 | 76.8 ± 31.3 | 86.8 ± 29.4 | 0.149 |
| BS (mg/dl) | 129.9 ± 39.3 | 131.9 ± 41.3 | 114.4 ± 14.6 | 0.113 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%), c | 5.8 ± 0.7 | 5.8 ± 0.7 | 5.7 ± 0.3 | 0.717 |
| Hs-CRP (mg/dl) | 0.4 ± 1.2 | 0.4 ± 1.3 | 0.2 ± 0.3 | 0.491 |
| PT-INR, a | 1.12 ± 0.40 | 1.13 ± 0.40 | 1.09 ± 0.43 | 0.025 |
| APTT/Control, a | 1.02 ± 0.19 | 1.02 ± 0.19 | 1.07 ± 0.19 | 0.253 |
| D-dimer (μg/ml), a | 4.2 ± 15.7 | 4.5 ± 16.6 | 1.4 ± 1.0 | 0.44 |