Fig. 1

Changes in the LPA level during in vitro ischemia and neuronal cell death LPA induced. Detection of LPA levels in intracellular and extracellular fluid of cortical neurons by ELISA (a). CCK-8 was used to detect neuronal activity (b). The TUNEL assay was used to determine the apoptosis of cortical neurons at different LPA concentrations (c,d). The data are presented as the average ± S.E.M. from three or four independent cell experiments, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001