Fig. 1

Univariate analysis of FoG onset during the 5-year follow up. Higher Age at symptom onset, higher PIGD score, higher MDS-UPDRS Part I & II score, fatigue, higher Epworth Sleepiness Scale score and autonomic dysfunctions were associated with FoG onset. PD patients with higher SDMT score, higher HVLT Immediate/Total Recall, higher MOCA score, higher Semantic Fluency total score and higher striatum DAT uptake were less likely to develop FoG within five years