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Table 3 Comparison of baseline characteristics according to in-hospital mortality within 48 h between the isolated TBI and combined TBI groups

From: Role of electrocardiogram findings in predicting 48-h mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury

Variables

Isolated TBI (N = 776)

Combined TBI (N = 248)

Survivors (n = 715)

Non-survivors (n = 61)

P

Survivors (n = 220)

Non-survivors (n = 28)

P

Age, years

64 (53–74)

68 (55–77)

0.138

60 (50–70)

64 (52–77)

0.212

Male sex, n (%)

536 (75.0)

44 (72.1)

0.737

164 (74.5)

23 (82.1)

0.518

Preexisting illness, n (%)

 Previous PCI history

41 (5.7)

1 (1.6)

0.288

5 (2.3)

1 (3.6)

1.000

 Hypertension

264 (36.9)

15 (24.6)

0.074

59 (26.8)

7 (25.0)

1.000

 Diabetes

164 (22.9)

12 (19.7)

0.671

43 (19.5)

2 (7.1)

0.179

 Renal impairment

13 (1.8)

0 (0.0)

0.588

2 (0.9)

0 (0.0)

1.000

 Cerebrovascular accident

12 (1.7)

0 (0.0)

0.632

2 (0.9)

0 (0.0)

1.000

Trauma mechanism

  

1.000

  

1.000

 Blunt

712 (99.6)

61 (100.0)

 

219 (99.5)

28 (100.0)

 

 Penetrating

3 (0.4)

0 (0.0)

 

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

 

Revised trauma score

5.97 (5.64–7.84)

4.09 (2.83–5.97)

<  0.001

5.97 (5.08–7.84)

4.09 (2.63–5.03)

<  0.001

Injury severity score

17 (16–25)

25 (20–25)

<  0.001

26 (22–34)

29 (23–38)

0.066

Glasgow Coma Scale score

14 (8–15)

4 (3–6)

<  0.001

15 (8–15)

3 (3–7)

<  0.001

Systolic BP, mmHg

130 (110–150)

140 (105–160)

0.232

110 (100–130)

85 (70–110)

<  0.001

Respiratory rate, /min

20 (20–20)

20 (20–22)

0.229

20 (20–22)

22 (20–24)

0.002

Pulse rate, /min

82 (72–92)

90 (72–105)

0.022

90 (80–104)

97 (80–110)

0.244

Body temperature, °C

36.4 (36.2–36.8)

36.2 (36.0–36.5)

< 0.001

36.4 (36.0–36.8)

36.2 (36.0–36.3)

0.003

Massive transfusion, n (%)

33 (4.6)

7 (11.5)

0.043

31 (14.1)

14 (50.0)

<  0.001

Emergency operation, n (%)

206 (28.8)

10 (16.4)

0.054

37 (16.8)

6 (21.4)

0.732

  1. TBI traumatic brain injury, BP blood pressure