Table 1 Clinical and demographic characteristics
|  | All subjects (n = 276) | Training set (n = 207) | Test set (n = 69) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mimic (n = 116) | Stroke (n = 160) | p-value | Mimic (n = 87) | Stroke (n = 120) | p-value | Mimic (n = 29) | Stroke (n = 40) | p-value | |
aAge median (IQR) | 58 (49–70) | 71 (60–81) |  < 0.001* | 58 (48–68) | 71 (60–82) |  < 0.001* | 66 (54–73) | 69 (59–80) | 0.184 |
bFemale n (%) | 65 (56.0) | 73 (45.6) | 0.113 | 47 (54.0) | 57 (47.5) | 0.399 | 18 (62.1) | 16 (40.0) | 0.090 |
bAmerican Indian n (%) | 2 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.176 | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0.420 | 1 (3.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.420 |
bWhite n (%) | 93 (80.2) | 137 (85.6) | 0.254 | 72 (82.8) | 99 (82.5) | 1.000 | 21 (72.4) | 38 (95.0) | 0.014* |
bAsian n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | 1.000 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 1.000 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
bBlack / African American n (%) | 21 (18.1) | 22 (13.8) | 0.401 | 14 (16.1) | 20 (16.7) | 1.000 | 7 (24.1) | 2 (5.0) | 0.030* |
Ischemic stroke n (%) | - | 135 (84.4) | - | - | 103 (85.8) | - | - | 32 (80.0) | - |
Hemorrhagic stroke n (%) | - | 25 (15.6) | - | - | 17 (14.2) | - | - | 8 (20.0) | - |
aCPSS median (IQR) | 1 (0–1) | 1.5 (0–3) |  < 0.001* | 1 (0–1) | 2 (1–3) |  < 0.001* | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–3) | 0.390 |
aNIHSS median (IQR) | 2 (0–5) | 7 (2–14) |  < 0.001* | 2 (1–5) | 7 (2–13) |  < 0.001* | 3 (2–5) | 7.5 (1–15) | 0.038* |
aTime from onset median (IQR) | 241 (145–467) | 282 (135–651) | 0.222 | 236 (137–458) | 282 (142–651) | 0.089 | 264 (195–498) | 306 (110–647) | 0.617 |
bHypertension n (%) | 72 (62.1) | 115 (71.9) | 0.091 | 51 (58.6) | 90 (75.0) | 0.016* | 21 (72.4) | 25 (62.5) | 0.446 |
bDyslipidemia n (%) | 48 (41.4) | 71 (44.4) | 0.625 | 33 (37.9) | 50 (41.7) | 0.667 | 15 (51.7) | 21 (52.5) | 1.000 |
bDiabetes n (%) | 35 (30.2) | 41 (25.6) | 0.416 | 28 (32.2) | 33 (27.5) | 0.537 | 7 (24.1) | 8 (20.0) | 0.771 |
bPrevious stroke n (%) | 23 (19.8) | 38 (23.8) | 0.466 | 19 (21.8) | 32 (26.7) | 0.514 | 4 (13.8) | 6 (15) | 1.000 |
bPrevious TIA n (%) | 16 (13.8) | 17 (10.6) | 0.456 | 9 (10.3) | 14 (11.7) | 0.826 | 7 (24.1) | 3 (7.5) | 0.082 |
bHistory of atrial fibrillation n (%) | 11 (9.5) | 34 (21.3) | 0.013* | 7 (8.0) | 23 (19.2) | 0.028* | 4 (13.8) | 11 (27.5) | 0.240 |
bHistory of myocardial infarction n (%) | 12 (10.3) | 26 (16.3) | 0.215 | 8 (9.2) | 21 (17.5) | 0.106 | 4 (13.8) | 5 (12.5) | 1.000 |
bHypertension medication n (%) | 66 (56.9) | 100 (62.5) | Â | 45 (51.7) | 78 (65.0) | 0.063 | 21 (72.4) | 22 (55.0) | 0.208 |
bCholesterol medication n (%) | 41 (35.3) | 67 (41.9) | Â | 30 (34.5) | 50 (41.7) | 0.315 | 11 (37.9) | 17 (42.5) | 0.806 |
aAnticoagulant or antiplatelet n (%) | 48 (41.4) | 82 (51.3) | Â | 35 (40.2) | 63 (52.5) | 0.092 | 13 (44.8) | 19 (47.5) | 1.000 |
bSmoking n (%) | 24 (20.7) | 40 (25.0) | 0.471 | 16 (18.4) | 33 (27.5) | 0.139 | 8 (27.6) | 7 (17.5) | 0.382 |