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Table 3 Mean scores from study instruments and outcome measures in three study time-points

From: The efficacy of transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy on migraine headache: a pilot, feasibility study

Category

Baseline

3-month follow-up

4-month follow-up

Intervention

(N-16)

Mean (SD)/

N (%)

Control

(N = 19)

Mean (SD)/

N (%)

P-value1

Intervention

(N-16)

Mean (SD)/

N (%)

Control

(N = 19)

Mean (SD)/

N (%)

P-value2

Intervention

(N-16)

Mean (SD)/

N (%)

Control

(N = 19)

Mean (SD)/

N (%)

P-value2

Days with headache (days)

13.5 (6.1)

12.4 (7.4)

0.341

7.9 (4.3)

13.6 (8.1)

0.001*

5.4 (2.8)

13.2 (8)

 < 0.001*

Pain-relievers (number)

13.6 (6.7)

10 (5.2)

0.080

6.4 (4.6)

11.2 (6.9)

 < 0.001*

4.9 (3.1)

11.4 (7.1)

 < 0.001*

Headache severity-VAS

8.6 (1.4)

8.9 (1.2)

0.603

6.8 (1.6)

8.8 (1.3)

 < 0.001*

6.1 (1.4)

8.8 (1.3)

 < 0.001*

MIDAS-total score

39.8 (19.4)

34 (23.7)

0.174

17.9 (15.9)

36 (24.8)

 < 0.001*

16 (16.5)

36.4 (25.1)

 < 0.001*

MIDAS-A

39.4 (17.1)

35.3 (19.6)

0.517

22.4 (14.2)

37.8 (22.2)

 < 0.001*

19.8 (13.6)

39.4 (21.1)

 < 0.001*

MIDAS-B

7.9 (1.6)

8.2 (1.2)

0.494

6.3 (1.4)

8.2 (1)

 < 0.001*

5.8 (1.4)

8.2 (1.1)

 < 0.001*

MIDAS category

No disability

0

0

0.797

2 (12.5%)

0

0.106

4 (25%)

0

0.021*

Mild

2 (12.5%)

4 (21.1%)

5 (31.3%)

4 (21.1%)

4 (25%)

4 (21.1%)

Moderate

2 (12.5%)

2 (10.5%)

4 (25%)

2 (10.5%)

5 (31.3%)

3 (15/8%)

Severe

12 (75%)

13 (68.4%)

5 (31.3%)

13 (68.4%)

3 (18.8%)

12 (63.2%)

HIT

63.7 (5.5)

65.6 (6.6)

0.357

56.9 (6.9)

62.4 (9.2)

0.099

53.4 (6)

63.7 (7.8)

 < 0.001*

HIT category

Not severe

0

1 (5.3%)

0.352

4 (25%)

3 (15.8%)

0.497

8 (50%)

1 (5.3%)

0.003*

Severe

16 (100%)

18 (94.7%)

12 (75%)

16 (84.2%)

8 (50%)

18 (94.7%)

HADS-anxiety

10.5 (4.5)

10.5 (3.2)

0.642

7.9 (4.3)

10.6 (3.7)

0.002*

6.8 (3.6)

11.1 (3)

 < 0.001*

HADS-anxiety category

Normal

4 (25%)

4 (21.1%)

0.959

10 (62.5%)

6 (31.6%)

0.092

10 (62.5%)

3 (15.8%)

0.013*

Borderline

5 (31.3%)

6 (31.6%)

0

3 (15.8%)

3 (18.8%)

5 (26.3%)

Abnormal

7 (43.8%)

9 (47.4%)

6 (37.5%)

10 (52.6%)

3 (18.8%)

11 (57.9%)

HADS-depression

9.8 (3.5)

10.3 (3.7)

0.684

7.8 (2.8)

10.6 (2.9)

 < 0.001*

7.5 (2.1)

11.2 (3.2)

 < 0.001*

HADS-depression category

Normal

5 (31.3%)

6 (31.6%)

0.511

10 (62.5%)

3 (15.8%)

0.017*

9 (56.3%)

3 (15.8%)

0.011*

Borderline

5 (31.3%)

3 (15.8%)

3 (18.8%)

8 (42.1%)

5 (31.3%)

5 (26.3%)

Abnormal

6 (37.5%)

10 (52.6%)

3 (18.8%)

8 (42.1%)

2 (12.5%)

11 (57.9%)

Emergency department visits for headache per month (number of cases)

2 (12.5%)

3 (15.8%)

0.782

1 (6.3%)

1 (5.3%)

0.900

0

1 (5.3%)

0.352

  1. VAS Visual Analog Scale, MIDAS Migraine Disability Assessment Scale, HIT Headache Impact Test, HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Days Number of days the patients have experienced headache within the past 30 days, Pain relievers Number of pain-relievers taken during the past 30 days
  2. 1Between group comparison. P-value calculated using Chi-square test (for categorical variables) or independent t-test (for interval variables) as appropriate
  3. 2Between group comparison. P-value calculated using Chi-square test (for categorical variables) or one-way analysis of covariance (for interval variables) after adjusting for baseline scores
  4. *Indicating statistically significant p—values
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BMC Neurology

ISSN: 1471-2377

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