Univariate analysis | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Total (n = 171) | IPH group (n = 32) | Non-IPH group (n = 139) | P-Value |
Gender, male, n (%) | 118 (69.0) | 25 (78.1) | 93 (66.9) | 0.216 |
Age, years | 60.13 ± 10.04 | 64.50 ± 9.60 | 59.13 ± 9.90 | 0.006 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 116 (67.8) | 22 (68.8) | 94 (67.6) | 0.902 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 50 (29.2) | 14 (43.8) | 36 (25.9) | 0.045 |
Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 20 (11.7) | 4 (12.5) | 16 (11.5) | 0.876 |
Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 56 (32.7) | 6 (18.8) | 50 (36.0) | 0.061 |
Prior stroke/TIA, n (%) | 27 (15.8) | 5 (15.6) | 22 (15.8) | 0.977 |
Family history of stroke, n (%) | 24 (14.0) | 7 (21.9) | 17 (12.2) | 0.165 |
Smoking history, n (%) | 87 (50.9) | 22 (68.8) | 65 (46.8) | 0.025 |
Alcohol consuming, n (%) | 56 (32.7) | 10 (31.3) | 46 (33.1) | 0.841 |
NIHSS on admission, IQR | 4 (0–18) | 3 (0–8) | 5 (0–18) | 0.004 |
Pre-admission mRS, IQR | 1 (0–5) | 1 (0–3) | 1 (0–5) | 0.030 |
hs-CRP, IQR, mg/L | 4.28 (0.00–31.90) | 7.71 (0.10–17.90) | 3.72 (0.00–31.90) | 0.002 |
TC, mmol/L | 4.35 ± 1.08 | 4.24 ± 1.02 | 4.38 ± 1.10 | 0.535 |
TG, IQR, mmol/L | 1.32 (0.49–8.44) | 1.14 (0.67–2.29) | 1.31 (0.49–4.70) | 0.190 |
LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.64 ± 0.97 | 2.54 ± 0.99 | 2.66 ± 0.97 | 0.545 |
HDL-C, IQR, mmol/L | 1.01 (0.48–1.71) | 0.99 (0.64–1.39) | 1.01 (0.48–1.71) | 0.605 |
Hcy, IQR, umol/L | 14.90 (1.11–75.00) | 18.99 (9.20–75.00) | 14.10 (1.11–41.20) | 0.028 |
Median enrolled-to-HRVMRI scan time, IQR, d | 4 (2–6) | 4 (2–6) | 5 (2–6) | 0.182 |
Previous use of aspirin, n (%) | 33 (19.3) | 6 (18.8) | 27 (19.4) | 0.931 |
Previous use of Statins, n (%) | 26 (15.2) | 4 (12.5) | 22 (15.8) | 0.788 |
Taking aspirin until primary outcome/Terminating points, n (%) | 95 (55.6) | 19 (59.4) | 76 (54.7) | 0.630 |
Taking statins until primary outcome/Terminating points, n (%) | 71 (41.5) | 10 (31.3) | 61 (43.9) | 0.191 |
Percentage of stenosis degree, IQR, % | 35 (4–58) | 31.10 (4–43) | 36.35 (6–58) | < 0.001 |
Categories of stenotic degree | 0.031 | |||
< 30%, n (%) | 50 (29.2) | 15 (46.9) | 35 (25.2) | |
30–49%, n (%) | 112 (65.5) | 17 (53.1) | 95 (68.3) | |
> 50%, n (%) | 9 (5.3) | 0 (0) | 9 (6.5) | |
Plaque burden | ||||
LA, IQR, mm2 | 16.39 (2.06–42.38) | 14.30 (2.64–31.96) | 16.67 (2.06–42.38) | 0.040 |
WA, IQR, mm2 | 54.81 (28.03–160.57) | 73.58 (33.10–160.57) | 53.22 (28.03–116.38) | < 0.001 |
VA, IQR, mm2 | 74.84 (43.00–162.11) | 73.98 (43.00–162.11) | 74.84 (45.01–140.50) | 0.244 |
NWI, IQR | 0.56 (0.40–0.97) | 0.69 (0.53–0.97) | 0.53 (0.40–0.94) | < 0.001 |
WT, IQR, mm | 2.88 (1.00–11.35) | 4.40 (3.07–11.35) | 2.65 (1.00–7.56) | < 0.001 |
PA, IQR, mm2 | 24.51 (5.61–74.29) | 29.90 (14.24–71.35) | 22.93 (5.61–74.29) | 0.001 |
RI | 0.75 ± 0.08 | 0.72 ± 0.08 | 0.75 ± 0.08 | 0.012 |
Plaque component | ||||
LRNC | ||||
Presence, n (%) | 139 (81.3) | 32 (100) | 107 (77.0) | 0.003 |
Volume, IQR, mm3 | 35.70 (0–660.22) | 176.17 (2.86–660.22) | 26.30 (0–352.34) | < 0.001 |
Calcification | ||||
Presence, n (%) | 94 (55.5) | 26 (81.3) | 68 (48.9) | 0.001 |
Volume, IQR, mm3 | 2.12 (0–290.56) | 19.04 (0–290.56) | 0.00 (0–253.90) | < 0.001 |
Loose matrix | ||||
Presence, n (%) | 79 (46.2) | 21 (65.6) | 58 (41.7) | 0.014 |
Volume, IQR, mm3 | 0 (0–95.46) | 12.05 (0–86.54) | 0.00 (0.00–95.46) | < 0.001 |
FCR, n (%) | 6 (3.5) | 0 (0) | 6 (0.7) | 0.596 |
Primary outcome | ||||
ipsilateral ischemic stroke | 23 (13.5) | 14 (43.8) | 9 (6.5) | – |
Terminating points | ||||
TIA | 5 (2.9) | 3 (9.4) | 2 (1.4) | – |
CEA/CAS | 17 (9.9) | 3 (9.4) | 14 (10.1) | – |