Table 1 Basic information of patients with anterior circulation stroke in ESUS, CE, and LAA

Gender male, n (%)

22 (59.46)

51 (62.96)

0.716^a

101 (62.35)

51 (62.96)

0.925^a

Age, years, median (IQR)

74.0 (64.0–82.5)

65.0 (56.0–72.5)

0.001^b

67.0 (57.8–74.0)

65.0 (56.0–72.5)

0.302^b

Smoking, n (%)

7 (18.92)

33 (40.74)

0.020^a

56 (34.57)

33 (40.74)

0.346^a

Diabetes Mellitus, n (%)

10 (27.03)

31 (38.27)

0.234^a

72 (44.44)

31 (38.27)

0.359^a

Hypertension, n (%)

22 (59.46)

67 (82.72)

0.006^a

141 (87.04)

67 (82.72)

0.366^a

Homocysteine, μmol/L, mean ± SD

10.97 ± 3.48

11.74 ± 7.09

0.534^c

11.25 ± 6.32

11.74 ± 7.09

0.588^c

Triglyceride, mmol/L, mean ± SD

1.03 ± 0.55

1.56 ± 0.90

< 0.001^c

1.56 ± 1.01

1.56 ± 0.90

0.996^c

Lipoprotein (a), g/L, mean ± SD

0.25 ± 0.19

0.27 ± 0.24

0.661^c

0.32 ± 0.28

0.27 ± 0.24

0.165^c

Total cholesterol, mmol/L, mean ± SD

3.81 ± 0.68

4.21 ± 0.99

0.027^c

4.06 ± 0.93

4.21 ± 0.99

0.262^c

High density lipoprotein cholesterol, mmol/L, mean ± SD

1.15 ± 0.31

1.07 ± 0.22

0.177^c

1.05 ± 0.26

1.07 ± 0.22

0.597^c

Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, mmol/L, mean ± SD

2.24 ± 0.59

2.55 ± 0.81

0.044^c

2.46 ± 0.76

2.55 ± 0.81

0.425^c

NIHSS score, median (IQR)

4.0 (3.0–5.0)

3.0 (1.0–5.0)

0.107^b

3.5 (2.0–6.0)

3.0 (1.0–5.0)

0.095^b

With intracranial plaque ipsilateral to the stroke site, n (%)

5 (13.51)

13 (16.05)

0.722^a

_

13 (16.05)

_