Brain injury (n = 54) | Consciousness disorder (n = 32) | Non-consciousness disorder (n = 22) | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Median age (years) | 47 ± 14 | 52 ± 14 | 50 ± 13 | 0.734 |
Gender (male = n%) | 39 (72%) | 27 (84%) | 13 (59%) | 0.052 |
Time from onset to surgery | 0.009 | |||
No surgery | 19 | 5 | 14 | |
Day 0–1 | 26 | 22 | 4 | |
Day 2 | 6 | 4 | 2 | |
Day 3–4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | |
Etiologies of brain injury | ||||
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage | 31 | 23 | 8 | 0.010 |
Basal ganglia | 13 | 11 | 2 | 0.260 |
Brain stem | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0.013 |
Cerebellum | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0.389 |
Frontal Lobe; Parietal Lobe; Temporal Lobe | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0.754 |
Other | 11 | 8 | 3 | 0.890 |
Subarachnoid hemorrhage | 10 | 4 | 6 | 0.170 |
Cerebral contusion and laceration | 7 | 1 | 6 | 0.009 |
Extradural hemorrhage | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0.788 |
Subdural hemorrhage | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0.786 |
Intracranial aneurysm | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0.403 |
Clinical symptoms | ||||
Conscious disturbance | 32 | 32 | 0 | 0.000 |
Headache and dizziness | 17 | 7 | 7 | 0.413 |
Nausea and vomiting | 16 | 10 | 6 | 0.753 |
Transient loss of consciousness | 8 | 0 | 8 | 0.000 |
Limb weakness | 8 | 5 | 3 | 0.840 |
Urinary incontinence | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0.000 |
Others (inarticulate, defect of visual field, blurred vision) | 6 | 1 | 5 | 0.024 |
GCS score on admission | ||||
3–8 | 24 | |||
9–12 | 7 | |||
13–15 | 1 | |||
MMSE score on admission | ||||
0–9 | 0 | |||
10–20 | 5 | |||
21–27 | 17 |