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Table 1 Characteristics and the results of autonomic function tests in healthy control subjects and patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD)

From: Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability is useful as a screening tool for detecting sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous dysfunctions in Parkinson’s disease

 

Controls

PD

P-value

Number

11

17

 

Age (year)

63 (59–64)

66 (60–72)

0.138

Female (%)

55

47

0.700

Systolic BP (mmHg)

125 ± 14

129 ± 20

0.580

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

75 ± 8

76 ± 11

0.768

Heart rate (beats/min)

64 ± 11

64 ± 9

0.956

Duration of disease (months)

-

33.5 ± 7.2

 

UPDRS Part 2 (points)

-

10.0 ± 1.4

 

UPDRS Part 3 (points)

-

17.7 ± 2.3

 

H&Y stage

-

2.0 (1.5–3.0)

 

LEDD (mg/day)

-

386 ± 279

 

Constipation (%)

9

76

 < 0.001

CVRR, rest (%)

3.7 (1.8–5.9)

2.6 (1.7–4.0)

0.359

CVRR, deep breath (%)

4.4 (3.9–6.8)

2.8 (2.1–4.0)

0.018

Early H/M ratio

-

1.92 ± 0.56

 

Delayed H/M ratio

-

1.69 ± 0.71

 

Orthostatic hypotension (%)

0

35

0.026

LF power, supine (ms2)

169 (126–427)

70 (47–307)

0.086

HF power, supine (ms2)

279 (85–342)

65 (27–302)

0.070

LF/HF ratio, supine

1.22 (0.78–3.33)

1.47 (0.72–2.76)

0.814

LF power, standing (ms2)

125 (65–542)

84 (41–198)

0.115

HF power, standing (ms2)

62 (43–82) *

40 (15–127)

0.589

LF/HF ratio, standing

3.74 (1.87–9.4)

2.52 (0.86–7.74)

0.438

  1. Values are expressed as the mean ± SD or median (25%–75% quartile)
  2. Constipation: Participants who had no bowel movements daily or were taking laxatives
  3. Abbreviations: UPDRS Unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale, H&Y Hoehn and Yahr, LEDD Levodopa equivalent daily dose, LF Low frequency, HF High frequency, CVRR Coefficient of variation of RR intervals, BP Blood pressure
  4. *p < 0.05 vs respective powers of supine position, paired t-test