| Statistics | OR | 95% CI | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sex, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Male | 8578 (47.489%) | Ref. |  |  |
 Female | 9485 (52.511%) | 0.643 | (0.532, 0.777) | < 0.00001 |
Race, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 White | 12,822 (70.985%) | Ref. |  |  |
 Asian | 526 (2.912%) | 0.767 | (0.406, 1.448) | 0.41330 |
 African American | 1215 (6.726%) | 0.899 | (0.604, 1.338) | 0.60128 |
 Unknown race | 3500 (19.377%) | 1.152 | (0.916, 1.448) | 0.22561 |
Age range, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 18–40 | 2921 (16.171%) | Ref. |  |  |
 41–60 | 7499 (41.516%) | 2.780 | (1.737, 4.448) | 0.00002 |
 61–80 | 7046 (39.008%) | 5.005 | (3.164, 7.916) | < 0.00001 |
 >81 | 597 (3.305%) | 15.014 | (8.938, 25.222) | < 0.00001 |
BMI | 28.709 ± 6.743 | 0.986 | (0.972, 1.001) | 0.07702 |
Diabetes, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 15,938 (88.236%) | Ref. |  |  |
 Yes (Noninsulin-dependent) | 1341 (7.424%) | 1.528 | (1.119, 2.088) | 0.00770 |
 Yes (Insulin-dependent) | 784 (4.340%) | 2.558 | (1.855, 3.529) | < 0.00001 |
Smoking status, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 14,562 (80.618%) | Ref. |  |  |
 Yes | 3501 (19.382%) | 1.125 | (0.895, 1.414) | 0.31210 |
Severe COPD, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 17,242 (95.455%) | Ref. |  |  |
 Yes | 821 (4.545%) | 2.524 | (1.851, 3.444) | < 0.00001 |
Hypertension, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 11,158 (61.773%) | Ref. |  |  |
 Yes | 6905 (38.227%) | 2.256 | (1.867, 2.725) | < 0.00001 |
Dialysis, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 18,007 (99.690%) | Ref. |  |  |
 Yes | 56 (0.310%) | 6.593 | (3.101, 14.018) | < 0.00001 |
Steroid use for chronic condition N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 15,325 (84.842%) | Ref. |  |  |
 Yes | 2738 (15.158%) | 2.349 | (1.909, 2.890) | < 0.00001 |
Bleeding disorders N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 17,690 (97.935%) | Ref. |  |  |
 Yes | 373 (2.065%) | 2.263 | (1.428, 3.587) | 0.00051 |
Na | 138.626 ± 3.187 | 0.911 | (0.887, 0.936) | < 0.00001 |
Cr | 0.862 ± 0.444 | 1.246 | (1.118, 1.389) | 0.00007 |
WBC | 9.507 ± 4.474 | 1.073 | (1.056, 1.090) | < 0.00001 |
PLT | 244.122 ± 76.773 | 0.998 | (0.997, 0.999) | 0.00154 |
HCT | 40.313 ± 4.803 | 0.922 | (0.907, 0.938) | < 0.00001 |
BUN | 17.324 ± 8.076 | 1.043 | (1.035, 1.050) | < 0.00001 |
Preoperative transfusions N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 18,000 (99.651%) | Ref. |  |  |
 Yes | 63 (0.349%) | 5.751 | (2.723, 12.147) | < 0.00001 |
preoperative systemic sepsis N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 17,393 (96.291%) | Ref. |  |  |
 SIRS | 659 (3.648%) | 2.599 | (1.854, 3.644) | < 0.00001 |
 Septic Shock | 11 (0.061%) | 9.182 | (1.978, 42.630) | 0.00465 |
Operation time | 211.344 ± 131.693 | 0.998 | (0.998, 0.999) | 0.00011 |
Emergency case N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 16,873 (93.412%) | Ref. |  |  |
 Yes | 1190 (6.588%) | 2.844 | (2.198, 3.680) | < 0.00001 |