Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients
From: Real-world evidence of galcanezumab for migraine treatment in Japan: a retrospective analysis
Characteristics | EM (n = 25) | CM (n = 27) | All (n = 52) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 51.1 ± 13.3 | 45.7 ± 12.2 | 48.3 ± 12.9 |
Sex, female | 23 (92.0) | 23 (85.2) | 46 (88.5) |
BMI, kg/m2 | 21.3 ± 3.1 | 20.6 ± 2.6 | 21.0 ± 2.8 |
Onset, years | 23.9 ± 11.9 | 24.2 ± 13.3 | 24.1 ± 12.5 |
Disease history, years | 27.2 ± 17.8 | 21.5 ± 13.2 | 24.3 ± 15.7 |
NRS | 6.2 ± 1.4 | 6.7 ± 1.5 | 6.5 ± 1.5 |
Migraine characteristics | |||
Unilateral pain | 18 (72.0) | 19 (70.4) | 37 (71.2) |
Pulsating pain | 16 (64.0) | 19 (70.4) | 35 (67.3) |
Aggravation by routine physical activity | 18 (72.0) | 21 (77.8) | 39 (75.0) |
MMD | 7.2 ± 2.8 | 17.6 ± 7.2 | 12.6 ± 7.5 |
MHD | 8.6 ± 3.8 | 22.0 ± 4.7 | 15.6 ± 8.0 |
AMD | 7.0 ± 3.3 | 12.2 ± 8.6 | 9.7 ± 7.0 |
Medication-overuse headache | 0 (0.0) | 16 (59.3) | 16 (30.8) |
Premonitory symptomsa | 11 (44.0) | 13 (50.0) | 24 (47.1) |
Aura | 5 (20.0) | 7 (25.9) | 12 (23.1) |
Associated symptoms | |||
Photophobia | 20 (80.0) | 21 (77.8) | 41 (78.8) |
Phonophobia | 16 (64.0) | 22 (81.5) | 38 (73.1) |
Nausea/vomiting | 18 (72.0) | 21 (77.8) | 39 (75.0) |
Medical history | |||
Psychiatric | 5 (20.0) | 11 (40.7) | 16 (30.8) |
Gastrointestinal | 4 (16.0) | 4 (14.8) | 8 (15.4) |
Vascular | 2 (8.0) | 2 (7.4) | 4 (7.7) |
Hormonal | 1 (4.0) | 4 (14.8) | 5 (9.6) |
Cancer | 3 (12.0) | 2 (7.4) | 5 (9.6) |
Respiratory | 4 (16.0) | 4 (14.8) | 8 (15.4) |
Immuno—rheumatologic | 2 (8.0) | 3 (11.1) | 5 (9.6) |
Hypertension | 2 (8.0) | 1 (3.7) | 3 (5.8) |
Dyslipidemia | 4 (16.0) | 5 (18.5) | 9 (17.3) |
Diabetes mellitus | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.7) | 1 (1.9) |
GAD-7 ≥ 5 | 11 (44.0) | 15 (55.6) | 26 (50.0) |
GAD-7 ≥ 10 | 1 (4.0) | 1 (3.7) | 2 (3.8) |
PHQ-9 ≥ 5 | 13 (52.0) | 19 (70.4) | 32 (61.5) |
PHQ-9 ≥ 10 | 4 (16.0) | 4 (14.8) | 8 (15.4) |
Family history of headache | 9 (36.0) | 16 (59.3) | 25 (48.1) |