Table 1 Patient background
Case | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Female | Female | Male | Male | Female | Male | Male |
Age (years) | 3 | 5 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 8 |
Diagnosis | HSES | HSES | HSES | AESD | AESD | FS | FS |
PCPC score before onset | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 |
Neurological history | Intellectual disability | None | None | Intellectual disability | None | Intellectual disability Hydrocephalus | None |
Duration of fever before neurological symptom onset | 0 h | 1 day | 1 day | 1 day | 0 h | 1 h | 1 day |
Causative virus | Not detected | Influenza A | Not detected | Not detected | Not detected | Not detected | Influenza A |
Initial neurological symptom | Convulsions | Convulsions | Convulsions | Convulsions | Convulsions | Convulsions | Impaired consciousness |
Duration of seizures at onset (min) | 950 | 211 | 40 | 333 | 99 | 181 | Max. 360 (NCSE) |
Treatment | |||||||
High-dose steroid treatment, start time | + 17 h | + 7 h | + 15 h | – | – | + 5 h | – |
Targeted temperature management, start time | + 17 h | + 6 h | + 15 h | + 6 h | + 12 h | + 5 h | + 12 h |
Circulatory assist, start time | None | ECMO 14 h | None | None | None | None | None |
Antiepileptic drugs | TA, MDL | MDL, PB | MDL, LEV | TA, LEV, PB | TA | TA | MDL, fPHT, TA |
Abnormality on brain MRI | + Atrophy | – | + Bleeding Infarction | + DWI high intensity in right hemisphere | + T2 high intensity in right hemisphere | – | – |
PCPC score 6 months after onset | 4 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 |
Neurological sequelae | + | – | + | + | + | – | – |