Skip to main content

Table 3 Patient demographics and EVD (external ventricular drain) catheter data for the matched cohort (n = 281)

From: Impact of an external ventricular shunt (EVD) handling protocol on secondary meningitis rates: a historical cohort study with propensity score matching

 

Pre-protocol

n = 103

Post-protocol

n = 178

p -value

Patient factors

 Sex: Male (%)

50

44

0.32

 Age (year; median [IQR])

59 [49–69]

56 [47–66]

0.30

 Emergency surgery (%)

100

85

< 0.001

 Indication for EVD (%)

  

0.01

 SAH/IVH

50

60

 Tumor

13

12

 Trauma

3

9

 Othera

34

19

Catheter factors

 Surgeon

  

0.11

 PGY 1–3

35

40

 PGY 4–6

27

16

 Neurosurgeon

38

44

 Tunnelled EVDb (%)

57

81

< 0.001

 Operating time (minutes; median [IQR])

69 [54–82]

73 [58–94]

0.053

 Prophylactic antibiotics (%)

49

86

< 0.001

 CSF leakage (%)

9

13

0.35

 Frequency of CSF sampling (median [IQR])

1 [0–3]

1 [0–2]

0.07

 Duration of drainage (days; median [IQR])

5 [2–12]

7 [3–12]

0.13

  1. Shown are median values ± interquartile ranges (IQR). The percentage between brackets is the percentage of patients within that group. P-values represent the results of univariate analysis of the respective parameter. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant
  2. CSF cerebral spinal fluid, EVD external ventricular drainage, IVH intraventricular hematoma, SAH subarachnoid hemorrhage, PGY post graduate year of the surgeon, Min minutes
  3. aincludes infratentorial intracerebral hematoma (38.4%), supratentorial intracerebral hematoma (23.3%), cerebellar infarction (17.8%), colloid cyst (5.5%), ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction (4.1%), and miscellaneous (11.0%)
  4. bthe remaining percentage received a Rickham reservoir