Table 4 Bi-variable and multi-variable log-binomial regression analysis to the predictors of dysphagia among adult stroke patients at Western Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2021

Sex

Female

52

174

1

-

-

Male

74

268

0.94 (0.69–1.29)

-

-

Age categorized

23–44

25

108

1

1

45–64

32

95

1.34 (0.84–2.13)

1.98(1.06–3.70)

0.032

65–115

69

239

1.19 (0.79–1.79)

2.49(1.33–4.69)

0.005

Residence

Urban

46

115

1

1

Rural

80

327

0.69 (0.50–0.94)

0.64(0.46–1.90)

0.073

GCS level

 ≤ 8

43

101

1

1

9–12

42

135

0.79 (0.55–1.14)

1.54(0.94–2.54)

0.089

 > 12

41

206

0.56 (0.38–0.81)

0.89(0.60–1.32)

0.558

Stroked body part

Bilateral

35

50

1

1

Unilateral

91

392

0.46 (0.33–0.63)

0.80(0.46–1.42)

0.455

Type of stroke

Ischemic

50

317

1

1

Hemorrhagic

76

125

2.78 (2.03–3.79)

1.99(1.25–3.17)

0.004

Hypertension

No

52

216

1

1

Yes

74

226

1.27 (0.93–1.74)

0.90(0.61–1.32)

0.577

Heart diseases

No

101

373

1

-

-

Yes

25

69

1.25 (0.86–1.82)

-

-

Diabetes mellitus

No

106

401

1

1

Yes

20

41

1.57 (1.10–2.33)

1.00(0.62–1.61)

0.989

GERD

No

22

317

1

1

Yes

104

125

6.99 (4.56–10.74)

4.35(0.54–5.47)

0.764

Dysphagia

No

31

293

1

1

Yes

95

149

4.07 (2.81–5.89)

2.94(0.99–4.34)

0.071

Surgical intervention

No

108

403

1

1

Yes

18

39

1.49 (0.98–2.27)

1.85(1.22–2.81)

0.012

Mannitol

No

70

334

1

1

Yes

56

108

1.97 (1.46–2.66)

0.94(0.54–1.63)

0.828

Tramadol

No

11

235

1

1

Yes

115

207

7.99 (4.39–14.50)

3.01(1.96–4.61)

 < 0.001

Metoclopramide

No

99

329

1

-

-

Yes

27

113

0.83 (0.57–1.22)

-

-

Naso-gastric tube

No

89

223

1

1

Yes

37

219

0.51 (0.36–0.72)

0.16(0.09–1.27)

0.061

Oxygen-therapy

No

84

308

1

-

-

Yes

42

134

1.11 (0.80–1.54)

-

-

Intravenous fluid therapy

No

83

300

1

-

-

Yes

43

142

1.07 (0.76–1.48)

-

-

Length of hospital stay

3–7

76

321

1

1

8–29

50

121

1.53 (1.12–2.08)

1.47(0.94–2.31)

0.092