Fig. 2
From: Immunopathogenesis of viral infections in neurological autoimmune disease
The mechanism of Epstein-Barr Virus-induced Nervous System damage. EBV life cycle has two phases, including latent phase which provided proliferated viruses without immune reactions. When the number of viruses increased, the immune system reacted against viruses. The EBV-infected B-cells activate which subsequently activate adaptive lymphocytes. The EBV-infected B-cells produce some microRNAs that decrease EBV-specific T-cells and IFN-γ production which resulted in sustained EBV-infected B-cells. Prolonged EBV infections cause changes in the neuroprotective state of microglia to the neurodegenerative state which include neurotoxin production and activation of immune cells. Created with BioRender.com