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Demyelinating diseases

Section edited by Francesco Patti and Tjalf Ziemssen

This section covers all types of demyelinating diseases. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, multiple sclerosis, neuroimmunology, systemic lupus, vasculitis, lymphoma, and myelitis.

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  1. Leukoencephalopathy with calcifications and cysts (LCC or Labrune disease) is a relatively recently defined and exceptionally rare disease in which parenchymal cysts and calcifications within a widespread leuk...

    Authors: C. Stephani, S. Pfeifenbring, A. Mohr and C. Stadelmann

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:19

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  2. Multiple Sclerosis has a great impact on psychological functioning of patients and can be associated with various mental health disorders and symptoms. The most prevalent one is depression, which ranges from 1...

    Authors: Sara Carletto, Martina Borghi, Diana Francone, Francesco Scavelli, Gabriella Bertino, Marco Cavallo, Simona Malucchi, Antonio Bertolotto, Francesco Oliva and Luca Ostacoli

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:7

    Content type: Study protocol

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  3. The evidence on the use of the oral dimethyl-fumarate after the discontinuation of treatment with natalizumab in people with Multiple Sclerosis is still little. Natalizumab discontinuation may induce the recur...

    Authors: Francesco Patti, Carmela Leone and Mario Zappia

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2015 15:252

    Content type: Case report

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  5. Cognitive deficits are common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and require continuous monitoring. In routine examinations, screening instruments such as the Brief Repeatable Battery (BRB) may serve this purpose. It ...

    Authors: Sascha Hansen, Jana Muenssinger, Simona Kronhofmann, Stefan Lautenbacher, Patrick Oschmann and Philipp M Keune

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2015 15:246

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Positron emission tomography (PET) images with amyloid tracers show normal uptake in healthy white matter, which suggests that amyloid tracers are potentially useful for studying such white matter diseases as ...

    Authors: Jordi A. Matías-Guiu, María Nieves Cabrera-Martín, Jorge Matías-Guiu, Celia Oreja-Guevara, Cristina Riola-Parada, Teresa Moreno-Ramos, Juan Arrazola and José Luis Carreras

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2015 15:243

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Interferon (IFN) beta-1a is an approved treatment for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and has been examined for use in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). However, no information reg...

    Authors: Michael Gurevich, Gadi Miron, Rina Zilkha Falb, David Magalashvili, Mark Dolev, Yael Stern and Anat Achiron

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2015 15:240

    Content type: Research article

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  9. We aimed to determine the association of clinical and routine cerebrospinal fluid biochemical markers (total protein, IgG index and oligoclonal bands) with disability in multiple sclerosis and whether these bi...

    Authors: Madlyne Becker, Clotilde Latarche, Emilie Roman, Marc Debouverie, Catherine Malaplate-Armand and Francis Guillemin

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2015 15:79

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Epidemiological studies describe a latitude gradient for increased MS prevalence and a preponderance of disease in Caucasian individuals. However, individuals from other ethnic backgrounds and low-risk regions...

    Authors: Richard S Nicholas, Vassiliki Kostadima, Maya Hanspal, Benjamin R Wakerley, Ruhena Sergeant, Saskia Decuypere, Omar Malik, Rosemary J Boyton and Daniel M Altmann

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2015 15:72

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Decision-making is an essential function of everyday life. Decision-making under explicit risk requires developing advantageous decision strategies based on fixed outcomes (e.g., probabilities of winning or lo...

    Authors: Ashley D Radomski, Christopher Power, Scot E Purdon, Derek J Emery, Gregg Blevins, Kenneth G Warren and Esther Fujiwara

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2015 15:61

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Neuropsychological batteries are infrequently used to assess cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis because they are time-consuming and require trained personnel. The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is...

    Authors: Mariana López-Góngora, Luis Querol and Antonio Escartín

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2015 15:40

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Pol III-related leukodystrophies, including 4H leukodystrophy, are recently recognized disorders that comprise hypomyelination and various neurologic and non-neurologic clinical manifestations. We report the u...

    Authors: Ana Potic, Vera Popovic, Jelena Ostojic, Sandra Pekic, Dusko Kozic, Kether Guerrero, Raphael Schiffmann and Geneviève Bernard

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2015 15:22

    Content type: Case report

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  14. People with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) endure walking limitations. To address this restriction, various physical rehabilitation programs have been implemented with no consensus regarding their efficacy. Our obj...

    Authors: Alon Kalron, Dalia Nitzani, David Magalashvili, Mark Dolev, Shay Menascu, Yael Stern, Uri Rosenblum, Diana Pasitselsky, Lior Frid, Gabi Zeilig, Caroline Barmatz, Uri Givon and Anat Achiron

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2015 15:21

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Unusual presentations of multiple sclerosis (MS) at onset may post a diagnostic dilemma to the treating neurologists. Spinal myoclonus is rare in MS and may lead to perform extensive investigations to rule out...

    Authors: Raed Abdullah Alroughani, Samar Farouk Ahmed, Riyadh Ahmed Khan and Jasem Yousef Al-Hashel

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2015 15:15

    Content type: Case report

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  16. Subcutaneous peginterferon beta-1a provided clinical benefits at Year 1 (placebo-controlled period) of the 2-Year Phase 3 ADVANCE study in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Here we report the effe...

    Authors: Douglas L Arnold, Peter A Calabresi, Bernd C Kieseier, Sarah I Sheikh, Aaron Deykin, Ying Zhu, Shifang Liu, Xiaojun You, Bjoern Sperling and Serena Hung

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:240

    Content type: Research article

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  17. There are few, recent, well assessed, multiple sclerosis (MS) incidence surveys on European populations. This study sought to measure MS incidence in a Northern Lisbon population and assess it using capture-re...

    Authors: Joao de Sá, Enrique Alcalde-Cabero, Javier Almazán-Isla, Fernando García-López and Jesús de Pedro-Cuesta

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:249

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Exercise has consistently yielded short-term, positive effects on health outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, these effects have not been maintained in the long-term. Behaviour change inte...

    Authors: Susan Coote, Stephen Gallagher, Rachel Msetfi, Aidan Larkin, John Newell, Robert W Motl and Sara Hayes

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:241

    Content type: Study protocol

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  19. Spinal cord lesions is one of the predominant characteristics in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Interestingly, mounting evidence indicates that spinal cord atrophy (SCA) is one ...

    Authors: Yanqiang Wang, Aimin Wu, Xiaoyu Chen, Lei Zhang, Yinyao Lin, Shaoyang Sun, Wei Cai, Bingjun Zhang, Zhuang Kang, Wei Qiu, Xueqiang Hu and Zhengqi Lu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:246

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severely disabling inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system and is often misdiagnosed as multiple sclerosis (MS). There is increasing evidence that treatment options ...

    Authors: Jens Harmel, Marius Ringelstein, Jens Ingwersen, Christian Mathys, Norbert Goebels, Hans-Peter Hartung, Sven Jarius and Orhan Aktas

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:247

    Content type: Case report

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  21. The risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) increases with increasing latitude. Taking into consideration that Norway has a large latitude range, a south-to-north gradient would be expected. However, previous studies ...

    Authors: Espen Benjaminsen, Johnny Olavsen, Merethe Karlberg and Karl B Alstadhaug

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:226

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG antibodies) was found in various demyelinated diseases. This is the first report of a patient with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis with an extreme...

    Authors: Haruka Amano, Nobukazu Miyamoto, Hideki Shimura, Douglas Kazutoshi Sato, Kazuo Fujihara, Shinichi Ueno, Ryota Nakamura, Yuji Ueno, Masao Watanabe, Nobutaka Hattori and Takao Urabe

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:224

    Content type: Case report

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  23. Multiple Sclerosis is a disease of the central nervous system involving a variety of debilitating physical, sensory, cognitive and emotional symptoms. This literature review evaluated the impact of psychologic...

    Authors: Francesco Pagnini, Colin M Bosma, Deborah Phillips and Ellen Langer

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:222

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system with different pathogenesis, brain lesion patterns, and treatment strategies. ...

    Authors: Ming-Feng Liao, Kuo-Hsuan Chang, Rong-Kuo Lyu, Chin-Chang Huang, Hong-Shiu Chang, Yih-Ru Wu, Chiung-Mei Chen, Chun-Che Chu, Hung-Chou Kuo and Long-Sun Ro

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:218

    Content type: Research article

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  25. The clinical impact of neutralizing antibodies against interferon-beta (NAb) is controversial. Their presence can lead to a decrease in interferon-beta (IFNβ) efficacy. Fatigue reported in patients with multip...

    Authors: Philippe Manceau, Clotilde Latarche, Sophie Pittion, Gilles Edan, Jérôme de Sèze, Catherine Massart and Marc Debouverie

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:215

    Content type: Research article

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  26. The Evaluate Patient OutComes (EPOC) study assessed physician- and patient-reported outcomes in individuals with relapsing multiple sclerosis who switched directly from injectable disease-modifying therapy (iD...

    Authors: Jonathan Calkwood, Bruce Cree, Heidi Crayton, Daniel Kantor, Brian Steingo, Luigi Barbato, Ron Hashmonay, Neetu Agashivala, Kevin McCague, Nadia Tenenbaum and Keith Edwards

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:220

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare relapsing auto-immune disease of the central nervous system which is sometimes found in association with other autoimmune disorders including Sjogren’s syndrome. We present...

    Authors: Apoorva Jayarangaiah, Rahul Sehgal and Narendranath Epperla

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:200

    Content type: Case report

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  29. Several environmental exposures, including infection with Epstein-Barr virus, low levels of vitamin D and smoking are established risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS). Also, high hygienic standard and infe...

    Authors: Marte Wendel Gustavsen, Christian Magnus Page, Stine Marit Moen, Anja Bjølgerudl, Pål Berg-Hansen, Gro Owren Nygaard, Leiv Sandvik, Benedicte Alexandra Lie, Elisabeth Gulowsen Celius and Hanne F Harbo

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:196

    Content type: Research article

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  30. The eight Performance Scales and three assimilated scales (PS) used in North American Research Committee on Multiple Sclerosis (NARCOMS) registry surveys cover a broad range of neurologic domains commonly affe...

    Authors: Eric Chamot, Ilya Kister and Gary R Cutter

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:192

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  31. BICAMS (Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis) has been recently developed as brief, practical and universal assessment tool for cognitive impairment in MS subjects. It includes the S...

    Authors: Benedetta Goretti, Claudia Niccolai, Bahia Hakiki, Andrea Sturchio, Monica Falautano, Eleonora Minacapelli, Vittorio Martinelli, Chiara Incerti, Ugo Nocentini, Monica Murgia, Giuseppe Fenu, Eleonora Cocco, Maria Giovanna Marrosu, Elisabetta Garofalo, Ferdinando Ivano Ambra, Maurizio Maddestra…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:171

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  32. There are inconsistent reports about multiple sclerosis (MS) risk among migrants from low to high MS risk geographical regions. This study assessed the overall MS incidence and evaluated seasonality in birth a...

    Authors: Saeed Akhtar, Raed Alroughani, Ahmad Al-Shammari, Jarrah Al-Abkal and Yasser Ayad

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:170

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  33. Patients suffering from Multiple Sclerosis (MS) experience a wide array of symptoms, including balance problems, mobility impairment, fatigue and depression. Physical exercise has recently been acknowledged as...

    Authors: Janina M Burschka, Philipp M Keune, Ulrich Hofstadt-van Oy, Patrick Oschmann and Peter Kuhn

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:165

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  34. Fingolimod is a disease modifying therapy (DMT) in highly active relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), as is natalizumab. Fingolimod decreases annual relapse rates and gadolinium enhancing lesions on ...

    Authors: Anne-Hilde Muris, Linda Rolf, Jan Damoiseaux, Ellen Koeman and Raymond Hupperts

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:164

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  35. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) can coexist with non-organ-specific or organ-specific autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the features between NMOSD without...

    Authors: Bingjun Zhang, Yi Zhong, Yanqiang Wang, Yongqiang Dai, Wei Qiu, Lei Zhang, Haiyan Li and Zhengqi Lu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:162

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  36. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a common neurodegenerative disease, which often has a devastating effect on physical and emotional wellbeing of people with MS (PwMS). Several studies have shown positive effects of ...

    Authors: Claudia H Marck, Emily J Hadgkiss, Tracey J Weiland, Dania M van der Meer, Naresh G Pereira and George A Jelinek

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:143

    Content type: Research article

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  37. Cell-based assays for neuromyelitis optica (NMO) diagnosis are the most sensitive and specific methods to detect anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibodies in serum, but some improvements in their quantitative and spe...

    Authors: Ismael Sánchez Gomar, María Díaz Sánchez, Antonio José Uclés Sánchez, José Luis Casado Chocán, Reposo Ramírez-Lorca, Ana Serna, Javier Villadiego, Juan José Toledo-Aral and Miriam Echevarría

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:139

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Comorbidity in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is associated with worse health and higher mortality. This study aims to describe clinician recorded comorbidities in people with MS.

    Authors: Robert J Simpson, Gary McLean, Bruce Guthrie, Frances Mair and Stewart W Mercer

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:128

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Fingolimod is the first oral immunomodulatory therapy approved for highly active relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. Based on the distribution pattern of fingolimod interacting sphingosine-1-phosphat recep...

    Authors: Katja Thomas, Hagen Schrötter, Michael Halank and Tjalf Ziemssen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:126

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  40. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, feasibility and preliminary effects of a high-intensity rehabilitative task-oriented circuit training (TOCT) in a sample of multiple sclerosis (MS) subjects on...

    Authors: Sofia Straudi, Carlotta Martinuzzi, Claudia Pavarelli, Amira Sabbagh Charabati, Maria Grazia Benedetti, Calogero Foti, Michela Bonato, Eleonora Zancato and Nino Basaglia

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:124

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  41. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and often disabling disease. In 2005, 62% of the MS patients in Sweden aged 16–65 years were on disability pension. The objective of this study is to investigate whether th...

    Authors: Petter Tinghög, Charlotte Björkenstam, John Carstensen, Catarina Jansson, Anna Glaser, Jan Hillert and Kristina Alexanderson

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:117

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  42. Economic costs related to treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) must be justified by health state, quality of life (QOL) and social participation improvement. This study aims to describe correlations between so...

    Authors: Arnaud Kwiatkowski, Jean-Pierre Marissal, Madani Pouyfaucon, Patrick Vermersch, Patrick Hautecoeur and Benoît Dervaux

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:115

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Most of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients undergo disease modifying drug (DMD) therapy at childbearing age. The objective of this prospective, collaborative study, was to assess outcomes of pregnancies fathered...

    Authors: Chiara Pecori, Marta Giannini, Emilio Portaccio, Angelo Ghezzi, Bahia Hakiki, Luisa Pastò, Lorenzo Razzolini, Andrea Sturchio, Laura De Giglio, Carlo Pozzilli, Damiano Paolicelli, Maria Trojano, Maria Giovanna Marrosu, Francesco Patti, Gian Luigi Mancardi, Claudio Solaro…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:114

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  44. Fatigue is one of the most common and debilitating symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness at 1-year follow-up of a manualised group-based programme (‘FACETS’) for managi...

    Authors: Peter W Thomas, Sarah Thomas, Paula Kersten, Rosemary Jones, Vicky Slingsby, Alison Nock, Angela Davies Smith, Roger Baker, Kathleen T Galvin and Charles Hillier

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:109

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  45. Families are the primary source of support and care for most children. In Western societies, 4 to 12% of children live in households where a parent has a chronic illness. Exposure to early-life stressors, incl...

    Authors: Neda Razaz, Reza Nourian, Ruth Ann Marrie, W Thomas Boyce and Helen Tremlett

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:107

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  46. Optimal patient selection would improve the risk-benefit ratio of natalizumab treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR MS). Clinical features of subjects responding to natalizumab have not been...

    Authors: Alice Laroni, Ilaria Gandoglia, Claudio Solaro, Giuseppe Ribizzi, Tiziana Tassinari, Matteo Pizzorno, Sergio Parodi, Giovanna Baldassarre, Maria Teresa Rilla, Simonetta Venturi, Elisabetta Capello, Maria Pia Sormani, Antonio Uccelli and Giovanni Luigi Mancardi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:103

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. The 2010 Revisions to the McDonald Criteria have established that dissemination in time (DIT) of multiple sclerosis (MS) can be demonstrated by simultaneous presence of asymptomatic gadolinium-enhancing and no...

    Authors: Chung-Ping Lo, Hung-Wen Kao, Shao-Yuan Chen, Chi-Ming Chu, Chia-Chun Hsu, Ying-Chu Chen, Wei-Chen Lin, Dai-Wei Liu and Wen-Lin Hsu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:100

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. Bickerstaff’s encephalitis (BE) is an acute post-infectious demyelinating disease with albuminocytological dissociation. A chronic form has rarely been described previously.

    Authors: Mathilde Renaud, Jérôme Aupy, Guillaume Camuset, Nicolas Collongues, Jean-Baptiste Chanson, Jérôme de Seze and Frédéric Blanc

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:99

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  49. The relative frequencies of demyelinating diseases among Korean patients with idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (IIDD) have not been sufficiently studied. We therefore...

    Authors: Sung-Min Kim, Patrick Waters, Mark Woodhall, Ji Won Yang, Hyeran Yang, Jee-Eun Kim, Jung-Joon Sung, Kyung Seok Park and Kwang-Woo Lee

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:93

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. A possible role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis has been suggested. The detoxification enzyme NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone ...

    Authors: José A G Agúndez, Elena García-Martín, Carmen Martínez, Julián Benito-León, Jorge Millán-Pascual, Patricia Calleja, María Díaz-Sánchez, Diana Pisa, Laura Turpín-Fenoll, Hortensia Alonso-Navarro, Lucía Ayuso-Peralta, Dolores Torrecillas, José Francisco Plaza-Nieto and Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:87

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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