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Demyelinating diseases

Section edited by Francesco Patti and Tjalf Ziemssen

This section covers all types of demyelinating diseases. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, multiple sclerosis, neuroimmunology, systemic lupus, vasculitis, lymphoma, and myelitis.

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  1. Content type: Research article

    Spinal cord lesions is one of the predominant characteristics in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Interestingly, mounting evidence indicates that spinal cord atrophy (SCA) is one ...

    Authors: Yanqiang Wang, Aimin Wu, Xiaoyu Chen, Lei Zhang, Yinyao Lin, Shaoyang Sun, Wei Cai, Bingjun Zhang, Zhuang Kang, Wei Qiu, Xueqiang Hu and Zhengqi Lu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:246

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  2. Content type: Case report

    Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severely disabling inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system and is often misdiagnosed as multiple sclerosis (MS). There is increasing evidence that treatment options ...

    Authors: Jens Harmel, Marius Ringelstein, Jens Ingwersen, Christian Mathys, Norbert Goebels, Hans-Peter Hartung, Sven Jarius and Orhan Aktas

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:247

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  3. Content type: Research article

    The risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) increases with increasing latitude. Taking into consideration that Norway has a large latitude range, a south-to-north gradient would be expected. However, previous studies ...

    Authors: Espen Benjaminsen, Johnny Olavsen, Merethe Karlberg and Karl B Alstadhaug

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:226

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  4. Content type: Case report

    Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG antibodies) was found in various demyelinated diseases. This is the first report of a patient with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis with an extreme...

    Authors: Haruka Amano, Nobukazu Miyamoto, Hideki Shimura, Douglas Kazutoshi Sato, Kazuo Fujihara, Shinichi Ueno, Ryota Nakamura, Yuji Ueno, Masao Watanabe, Nobutaka Hattori and Takao Urabe

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:224

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  5. Content type: Research article

    Multiple Sclerosis is a disease of the central nervous system involving a variety of debilitating physical, sensory, cognitive and emotional symptoms. This literature review evaluated the impact of psychologic...

    Authors: Francesco Pagnini, Colin M Bosma, Deborah Phillips and Ellen Langer

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:222

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  6. Content type: Research article

    Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system with different pathogenesis, brain lesion patterns, and treatment strategies. ...

    Authors: Ming-Feng Liao, Kuo-Hsuan Chang, Rong-Kuo Lyu, Chin-Chang Huang, Hong-Shiu Chang, Yih-Ru Wu, Chiung-Mei Chen, Chun-Che Chu, Hung-Chou Kuo and Long-Sun Ro

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:218

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  7. Content type: Research article

    The clinical impact of neutralizing antibodies against interferon-beta (NAb) is controversial. Their presence can lead to a decrease in interferon-beta (IFNβ) efficacy. Fatigue reported in patients with multip...

    Authors: Philippe Manceau, Clotilde Latarche, Sophie Pittion, Gilles Edan, Jérôme de Sèze, Catherine Massart and Marc Debouverie

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:215

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  8. Content type: Research article

    The Evaluate Patient OutComes (EPOC) study assessed physician- and patient-reported outcomes in individuals with relapsing multiple sclerosis who switched directly from injectable disease-modifying therapy (iD...

    Authors: Jonathan Calkwood, Bruce Cree, Heidi Crayton, Daniel Kantor, Brian Steingo, Luigi Barbato, Ron Hashmonay, Neetu Agashivala, Kevin McCague, Nadia Tenenbaum and Keith Edwards

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:220

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  9. Content type: Case report

    Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare relapsing auto-immune disease of the central nervous system which is sometimes found in association with other autoimmune disorders including Sjogren’s syndrome. We present...

    Authors: Apoorva Jayarangaiah, Rahul Sehgal and Narendranath Epperla

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:200

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  11. Content type: Research article

    Several environmental exposures, including infection with Epstein-Barr virus, low levels of vitamin D and smoking are established risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS). Also, high hygienic standard and infe...

    Authors: Marte Wendel Gustavsen, Christian Magnus Page, Stine Marit Moen, Anja Bjølgerudl, Pål Berg-Hansen, Gro Owren Nygaard, Leiv Sandvik, Benedicte Alexandra Lie, Elisabeth Gulowsen Celius and Hanne F Harbo

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:196

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  12. Content type: Research article

    The eight Performance Scales and three assimilated scales (PS) used in North American Research Committee on Multiple Sclerosis (NARCOMS) registry surveys cover a broad range of neurologic domains commonly affe...

    Authors: Eric Chamot, Ilya Kister and Gary R Cutter

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:192

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  13. Content type: Research article

    BICAMS (Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis) has been recently developed as brief, practical and universal assessment tool for cognitive impairment in MS subjects. It includes the S...

    Authors: Benedetta Goretti, Claudia Niccolai, Bahia Hakiki, Andrea Sturchio, Monica Falautano, Eleonora Minacapelli, Vittorio Martinelli, Chiara Incerti, Ugo Nocentini, Monica Murgia, Giuseppe Fenu, Eleonora Cocco, Maria Giovanna Marrosu, Elisabetta Garofalo, Ferdinando Ivano Ambra, Maurizio Maddestra…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:171

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  14. Content type: Research article

    There are inconsistent reports about multiple sclerosis (MS) risk among migrants from low to high MS risk geographical regions. This study assessed the overall MS incidence and evaluated seasonality in birth a...

    Authors: Saeed Akhtar, Raed Alroughani, Ahmad Al-Shammari, Jarrah Al-Abkal and Yasser Ayad

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:170

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  15. Content type: Research article

    Patients suffering from Multiple Sclerosis (MS) experience a wide array of symptoms, including balance problems, mobility impairment, fatigue and depression. Physical exercise has recently been acknowledged as...

    Authors: Janina M Burschka, Philipp M Keune, Ulrich Hofstadt-van Oy, Patrick Oschmann and Peter Kuhn

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:165

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  16. Content type: Case report

    Fingolimod is a disease modifying therapy (DMT) in highly active relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), as is natalizumab. Fingolimod decreases annual relapse rates and gadolinium enhancing lesions on ...

    Authors: Anne-Hilde Muris, Linda Rolf, Jan Damoiseaux, Ellen Koeman and Raymond Hupperts

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:164

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  17. Content type: Research article

    Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) can coexist with non-organ-specific or organ-specific autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the features between NMOSD without...

    Authors: Bingjun Zhang, Yi Zhong, Yanqiang Wang, Yongqiang Dai, Wei Qiu, Lei Zhang, Haiyan Li and Zhengqi Lu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:162

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  18. Content type: Research article

    Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a common neurodegenerative disease, which often has a devastating effect on physical and emotional wellbeing of people with MS (PwMS). Several studies have shown positive effects of ...

    Authors: Claudia H Marck, Emily J Hadgkiss, Tracey J Weiland, Dania M van der Meer, Naresh G Pereira and George A Jelinek

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:143

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  19. Content type: Research article

    Cell-based assays for neuromyelitis optica (NMO) diagnosis are the most sensitive and specific methods to detect anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibodies in serum, but some improvements in their quantitative and spe...

    Authors: Ismael Sánchez Gomar, María Díaz Sánchez, Antonio José Uclés Sánchez, José Luis Casado Chocán, Reposo Ramírez-Lorca, Ana Serna, Javier Villadiego, Juan José Toledo-Aral and Miriam Echevarría

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:139

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  20. Content type: Research article

    Comorbidity in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is associated with worse health and higher mortality. This study aims to describe clinician recorded comorbidities in people with MS.

    Authors: Robert J Simpson, Gary McLean, Bruce Guthrie, Frances Mair and Stewart W Mercer

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:128

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  21. Content type: Case report

    Fingolimod is the first oral immunomodulatory therapy approved for highly active relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. Based on the distribution pattern of fingolimod interacting sphingosine-1-phosphat recep...

    Authors: Katja Thomas, Hagen Schrötter, Michael Halank and Tjalf Ziemssen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:126

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  22. Content type: Research article

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, feasibility and preliminary effects of a high-intensity rehabilitative task-oriented circuit training (TOCT) in a sample of multiple sclerosis (MS) subjects on...

    Authors: Sofia Straudi, Carlotta Martinuzzi, Claudia Pavarelli, Amira Sabbagh Charabati, Maria Grazia Benedetti, Calogero Foti, Michela Bonato, Eleonora Zancato and Nino Basaglia

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:124

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  23. Content type: Research article

    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and often disabling disease. In 2005, 62% of the MS patients in Sweden aged 16–65 years were on disability pension. The objective of this study is to investigate whether th...

    Authors: Petter Tinghög, Charlotte Björkenstam, John Carstensen, Catarina Jansson, Anna Glaser, Jan Hillert and Kristina Alexanderson

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:117

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  24. Content type: Research article

    Economic costs related to treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) must be justified by health state, quality of life (QOL) and social participation improvement. This study aims to describe correlations between so...

    Authors: Arnaud Kwiatkowski, Jean-Pierre Marissal, Madani Pouyfaucon, Patrick Vermersch, Patrick Hautecoeur and Benoît Dervaux

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:115

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  25. Content type: Research article

    Most of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients undergo disease modifying drug (DMD) therapy at childbearing age. The objective of this prospective, collaborative study, was to assess outcomes of pregnancies fathered...

    Authors: Chiara Pecori, Marta Giannini, Emilio Portaccio, Angelo Ghezzi, Bahia Hakiki, Luisa Pastò, Lorenzo Razzolini, Andrea Sturchio, Laura De Giglio, Carlo Pozzilli, Damiano Paolicelli, Maria Trojano, Maria Giovanna Marrosu, Francesco Patti, Gian Luigi Mancardi, Claudio Solaro…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:114

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  26. Content type: Research article

    Fatigue is one of the most common and debilitating symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness at 1-year follow-up of a manualised group-based programme (‘FACETS’) for managi...

    Authors: Peter W Thomas, Sarah Thomas, Paula Kersten, Rosemary Jones, Vicky Slingsby, Alison Nock, Angela Davies Smith, Roger Baker, Kathleen T Galvin and Charles Hillier

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:109

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  27. Content type: Research article

    Families are the primary source of support and care for most children. In Western societies, 4 to 12% of children live in households where a parent has a chronic illness. Exposure to early-life stressors, incl...

    Authors: Neda Razaz, Reza Nourian, Ruth Ann Marrie, W Thomas Boyce and Helen Tremlett

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:107

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  28. Content type: Research article

    Optimal patient selection would improve the risk-benefit ratio of natalizumab treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR MS). Clinical features of subjects responding to natalizumab have not been...

    Authors: Alice Laroni, Ilaria Gandoglia, Claudio Solaro, Giuseppe Ribizzi, Tiziana Tassinari, Matteo Pizzorno, Sergio Parodi, Giovanna Baldassarre, Maria Teresa Rilla, Simonetta Venturi, Elisabetta Capello, Maria Pia Sormani, Antonio Uccelli and Giovanni Luigi Mancardi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:103

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  29. Content type: Research article

    The 2010 Revisions to the McDonald Criteria have established that dissemination in time (DIT) of multiple sclerosis (MS) can be demonstrated by simultaneous presence of asymptomatic gadolinium-enhancing and no...

    Authors: Chung-Ping Lo, Hung-Wen Kao, Shao-Yuan Chen, Chi-Ming Chu, Chia-Chun Hsu, Ying-Chu Chen, Wei-Chen Lin, Dai-Wei Liu and Wen-Lin Hsu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:100

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  30. Content type: Case report

    Bickerstaff’s encephalitis (BE) is an acute post-infectious demyelinating disease with albuminocytological dissociation. A chronic form has rarely been described previously.

    Authors: Mathilde Renaud, Jérôme Aupy, Guillaume Camuset, Nicolas Collongues, Jean-Baptiste Chanson, Jérôme de Seze and Frédéric Blanc

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:99

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  31. Content type: Research article

    The relative frequencies of demyelinating diseases among Korean patients with idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (IIDD) have not been sufficiently studied. We therefore...

    Authors: Sung-Min Kim, Patrick Waters, Mark Woodhall, Ji Won Yang, Hyeran Yang, Jee-Eun Kim, Jung-Joon Sung, Kyung Seok Park and Kwang-Woo Lee

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:93

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  32. Content type: Research article

    A possible role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis has been suggested. The detoxification enzyme NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone ...

    Authors: José A G Agúndez, Elena García-Martín, Carmen Martínez, Julián Benito-León, Jorge Millán-Pascual, Patricia Calleja, María Díaz-Sánchez, Diana Pisa, Laura Turpín-Fenoll, Hortensia Alonso-Navarro, Lucía Ayuso-Peralta, Dolores Torrecillas, José Francisco Plaza-Nieto and Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:87

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  33. Content type: Research article

    Many patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with high-dose interferon-β (IFNβ) develop serum binding antibodies (BAb) and neutralizing antibodies (NAb). NAb reduces the biological activ...

    Authors: Edward Fox, Barbara Green, Clyde Markowitz, Ronald Murray, Andrew D Goodman, Stephen J Glenski, Pippa Loupe and Jo Nita Cogburn

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:73

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  34. Content type: Research article

    In the PREDICT study, a randomised controlled trial comparing dexamethasone with prednisolone in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), almost a quarter of patients det...

    Authors: Filip Eftimov, Marinus H Liesdek, Camillus Verhamme and Ivo N van Schaik

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:72

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  35. Content type: Case report

    Tumefactive demyelinating lesions are a rare manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS). Differential diagnosis of such space occupying lesions may not be straightforward and sometimes necessitate brain biopsy. ...

    Authors: Sharmilee Gnanapavan, Zane Jaunmuktane, Kelly Pegoretti Baruteau, Sakthivel Gnanasambandam and Klaus Schmierer

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:68

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  36. Content type: Research article

    In patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) fingolimod prevents disease relapses and delays disability progression. First dose administration of fingolimod is associated with a transient, dose-dependent dec...

    Authors: Alice Laroni, Davide Brogi, Vincenzo Brescia Morra, Leonello Guidi, Carlo Pozzilli, Giancarlo Comi, Alessandra Lugaresi, Renato Turrini, Debora Raimondi, Antonio Uccelli and Giovanni Luigi Mancardi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:65

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  37. Content type: Research article

    There are a number of instruments that describe severity and progression of multiple sclerosis and they are increasingly used as endpoints to assess the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. We examined ...

    Authors: Sandra Meyer-Moock, You-Shan Feng, Mathias Maeurer, Franz-Werner Dippel and Thomas Kohlmann

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:58

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  39. Content type: Debate

    Month-long daytime Ramadan fasting pose s major challenges to multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in Muslim countries. Physicians should have practical knowledge on the implications of fasting on MS. We present a...

    Authors: Soodeh Razeghi Jahromi, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Fereshteh Ashtari, Hormoz Ayromlou, Massoud Etemadifar, Majid Ghaffarpour, Ehsan Mohammadianinejad, Shahriar Nafissi, Alireza Nickseresht, Vahid Shaygannejad, Mansoreh Togha, Hamid Reza Torabi and Shadi Ziaie

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:56

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  41. Content type: Research article

    Data sources for MS research are numerous but rarely provide an objective measure of drug therapy compliance coupled with patient-reported health outcomes. The objective of this paper is to describe the method...

    Authors: Patricia K Coyle, Bruce A Cohen, Thomas Leist, Clyde Markowitz, MerriKay Oleen-Burkey, Marc Schwartz, Mark J Tullman and Howard Zwibel

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:49

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  42. Content type: Research article

    There is increasing research that examines gender-issues in multiple sclerosis (MS), but little focus has been placed on gender-issues regarding physical activity. The aim of the present study was to describe ...

    Authors: Elisabeth Anens, Margareta Emtner, Lena Zetterberg and Karin Hellström

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:47

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  43. Content type: Research article

    De-escalating natalizumab (NTZ) to interferon beta 1b (IFN B 1B) is a possible treatment option in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients interrupting NTZ because of increased risk of progressive multifocal leukoenc...

    Authors: Chiara Zecca, Gianna C Riccitelli, Pasquale Calabrese, Emanuele Pravatà, Ursula Candrian, Charles RG Guttmann and Claudio Gobbi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:38

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  44. Content type: Research article

    A number of reports have described the presence of tuberculosis (TB) in neuromyelitis optica (NMO) patients. However, a definite association between the two conditions has not been conclusively demonstrated.

    Authors: Rui Li, Xiaonan Zhong, Wei Qiu, Aimin Wu, Yongqiang Dai, Zhengqi Lu and Xueqiang Hu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:33

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  45. Content type: Research article

    Although common and often disabling in multiple sclerosis (MS), visual dysfunction is currently not adequately accounted for in both clinical routine and MS trials. Sloan low contrast letter acuity (SLCLA) is ...

    Authors: Johann Schinzel, Hanna Zimmermann, Friedemann Paul, Klemens Ruprecht, Katrin Hahn, Alexander U Brandt and Jan Dörr

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:31

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  46. Content type: Research article

    Natalizumab, a highly specific α4-integrin antagonist, , has recently been registered across the Middle East and North Africa region. It improves clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes and redu...

    Authors: Raed A Alroughani, Hany M Aref, Saeed A Bohlega, Maurice P Dahdaleh, Imed Feki, Mohammed A Al Jumah, Muhammad Z Al-Kawi, Salam F Koussa, Mohamad A Sahraian, Isa A Alsharoqi and Bassem I Yamout

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:27

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  47. Content type: Research article

    Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy is a rare acquired immune-mediated progressive or relapsing disorder causing peripheral neuropathic disease of duration more than two months. Many indi...

    Authors: Richard J Bright, Jenny Wilkinson and Brendon J Coventry

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:26

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  48. Content type: Research article

    A 6-month phase 2 study of fingolimod demonstrated efficacy and safety in Japanese patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we report a 6-month observational extension that evaluated eff...

    Authors: Jun-ichi Kira, Yasuto Itoyama, Seiji Kikuchi, Qi Hao, Takayoshi Kurosawa, Kazuo Nagato, Isao Tsumiyama, Philipp von Rosenstiel, Lixin Zhang-Auberson and Takahiko Saida

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:21

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  49. Content type: Research article

    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a stressful condition; depression, anxiety, pain and fatigue are all common problems. Mindfulness based interventions (MBIs) mitigate stress and prevent relapse in depression and are...

    Authors: Robert Simpson, Jo Booth, Maggie Lawrence, Sharon Byrne, Frances Mair and Stewart Mercer

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:15

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  50. Content type: Research article

    Long-term persistence to treatment for chronic disease is difficult for patients to achieve, regardless of the disease or medication being used. The objective of this investigation was to examine treatment per...

    Authors: MerriKay Oleen-Burkey, Anissa Cyhaniuk and Eric Swallow

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:11

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