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Demyelinating diseases

This section covers all types of demyelinating diseases. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, multiple sclerosis, neuroimmunology, systemic lupus, vasculitis, lymphoma, and myelitis.

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  1. Despite the high comorbidity of anxiety and depression in people with multiple sclerosis (MS), little is known about their inter-relationships. Both involve emotional perturbations and the way in which emotion...

    Authors: Marie-Claire Gay, Catherine Bungener, Sarah Thomas, Pierre Vrignaud, Peter W Thomas, Roger Baker, Sébastien Montel, Olivier Heinzlef, Caroline Papeix, Rana Assouad and Michèle Montreuil

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:43

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Hashimoto’s encephalitis (HE) is a rare neurological complication of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), while limbic encephalitis (LE) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder frequently associated with anti-neuronal...

    Authors: Mingqin Zhu, Xuefan Yu, Caiyun Liu, Chenchen Duan, Chunxiao Li, Jie Zhu and Ying Zhang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:37

    Content type: Case report

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  3. Subcutaneous peginterferon beta-1a has previously been shown to reduce the number of T2-hyperintense and gadolinium-enhancing (Gd+) lesions over 2 years in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis ...

    Authors: Douglas L. Arnold, Peter A. Calabresi, Bernd C. Kieseier, Shifang Liu, Xiaojun You, Damian Fiore and Serena Hung

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:29

    Content type: Research article

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  4. The low level of disease activity and manageable safety profile seen with fingolimod versus placebo in a 6-month, phase 2, randomized controlled trial in Japanese patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS...

    Authors: Takahiko Saida, Yasuto Itoyama, Seiji Kikuchi, Qi Hao, Takayoshi Kurosawa, Kengo Ueda, Lixin Zhang Auberson, Isao Tsumiyama, Kazuo Nagato and Jun-ichi Kira

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:17

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis LETM is a specific pattern of myelitis wherein at least three continuous vertebral segments are involved. Characteristically, it is a defining feature of neuromyeli...

    Authors: Rana Alnasser Alsukhni, Yasmin Aboras, Ziena Jriekh, Mahmoud Almalla and Ahmad Sheikh El-Kahwateya

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:13

    Content type: Case report

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  6. First dose observation for cardiac effects is required for fingolimod, but recommendations on the extent vary. This study aims to assess cardiac safety of fingolimod first dose. Individual bradyarrhythmic epis...

    Authors: Volker Limmroth, Tjalf Ziemssen, Michael Lang, Stephan Richter, Bert Wagner, Judith Haas, Stephan Schmidt, Kathrin Gerbershagen, Christoph Lassek, Luisa Klotz, Olaf Hoffmann, Christian Albert, Katrin Schuh, Monika Baier-Ebert, Guillaume Wendt, Heinke Schieb…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:11

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Physical activity (PA) is frequently restricted in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and aiming to enhance PA is considered beneficial in this population. We here aimed to explore two standard methods (sub...

    Authors: Theresa Krüger, Janina R. Behrens, Anuschka Grobelny, Karen Otte, Sebastian Mansow-Model, Bastian Kayser, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Alexander U. Brandt, Friedemann Paul and Tanja Schmitz-Hübsch

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:10

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a clinically heterogeneous disorder characterized by epileptic seizures, psychosis, dyskinesia, consciousness impairments, and autonomic instability. ...

    Authors: Kaiyu Qin, Wenqing Wu, Yuming Huang, Dongmei Xu, Lei Zhang, Bowen Zheng, Meijuan Jiang, Cheng Kou, Junhua Gao, Wurong Li, Jinglin Zhang, Sumei Wang, Yanfei Luan, Chaoling Yan, Dan Xu and Xinmei Zheng

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:1

    Content type: Case report

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  10. Although disability is considered the main cause of low bone mineral density (BMD) in multiple sclerosis (MS), other factors related to the disease process or treatment could also be involved. The aim of this ...

    Authors: Cecilia Smith Simonsen, Elisabeth Gulowsen Celius, Cathrine Brunborg, Chantal Tallaksen, Erik Fink Eriksen, Trygve Holmøy and Stine Marit Moen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:252

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes leading to irreversible neurological impairment. Brain atrophy occurs early in the course o...

    Authors: Raed Alroughani, Dirk Deleu, Khalid El Salem, Jasem Al-Hashel, K. John Alexander, Mohamed Assem Abdelrazek, Adel Aljishi, Jaber Alkhaboori, Faisal Al Azri, Nahida Al Zadjali, Majed Hbahbih, Tag Eldin Sokrab, Mohamed Said and Àlex Rovira

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:240

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Health-related quality of life (QOL) is a key outcome for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). While modifiable lifestyle factors, like smoking, physical activity and vitamin D, have strong associations with d...

    Authors: George A Jelinek, Alysha M De Livera, Claudia H Marck, Chelsea R Brown, Sandra L Neate, Keryn L Taylor and Tracey J Weiland

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:235

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Sexual dysfunction (SD) is very common in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and contributes a significant burden of disease, particularly for young people. SD has direct neurological contributions from dep...

    Authors: Claudia H. Marck, Pia L. Jelinek, Tracey J. Weiland, Jane S. Hocking, Alysha M. De Livera, Keryn L. Taylor, Sandra L. Neate, Naresh G. Pereira and George A. Jelinek

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:210

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Recent studies suggest that cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) substantially contribute to clinical disease severity. The present study aimed at investigating clinical, neuroanatomical, and cognitive ...

    Authors: Olivia Geisseler, Tobias Pflugshaupt, Ladina Bezzola, Katja Reuter, David Weller, Bernhard Schuknecht, Peter Brugger and Michael Linnebank

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:204

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Acute brainstem syndrome (ABS) may herald multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica (NMO), or occur as an isolated syndrome. The aquaporin 4 (AQP4)-specific serum autoantibody, NMO-IgG, is a biomarker for ...

    Authors: Chen Cheng, Ying Jiang, Xiaodong Lu, Fu Gu, Zhuang Kang, Yongqiang Dai, Zhengqi Lu and Xueqiang Hu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:203

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) co-occuring with multiple sclerosis-like disease (LHON-MS) is suggested to be a separate disease entity denoted Harding’s disease. Little is known about the response ...

    Authors: Trygve Holmøy, Antonie G. Beiske, Svetozar Zarnovicky, Aija Zuleron Myro, Egil Røsjø and Emilia Kerty

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:197

    Content type: Case report

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  18. In the US, the approved multiple sclerosis (MS) oral disease-modifying therapies (ODMTs) are fingolimod (FTY), teriflunomide (TFN), and dimethyl fumarate (DMF). FTY and TFN are recommended with once-daily dose...

    Authors: Tara Nazareth, Howard S. Friedman, Prakash Navaratnam, Denise A. Herriott, John J. Ko, Peri Barr and Rahul Sasane

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:187

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Since the application of MRI scanning to the diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis, it has been recognized that only a small fraction of lesions seen on MRI scans produce recognizable symptoms or neuro...

    Authors: Stanley Cohan, Chiayi Chen, Elizabeth Baraban, Tamela Stuchiner and Lois Grote

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:184

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Due to the preventive nature of disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis, treatment success particularly depends on adherence to therapeutic regimens and patients’ perception of treatment efficacy. T...

    Authors: Uwe Klaus Zettl, Ulrike Bauer-Steinhusen, Thomas Glaser, Klaus Hechenbichler and Michael Hecker

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:181

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acquired polyradiculo-neuropathy, often preceded by an antecedent event. It is a monophasic disease but a recurrence rate of 1–6 % is documented in a subset group of patients. Pat...

    Authors: Sonali Sihindi Chapa Gunatilake, Rohitha Gamlath and Harith Wimalaratna

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:161

    Content type: Case report

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  23. Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) or Crohn’s disease (CD) being treated with natalizumab (Tysabri®, Biogen) who are planning to become pregnant or discover they are pregnant after exposure to natalizumab a...

    Authors: Susan Friend, Sandra Richman, Gary Bloomgren, Lynda M. Cristiano and Madé Wenten

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:150

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Amongst Sardinians the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes *15:02-*06:01, *16:01-*05:02, *14:01-4-*05:03 are protective for multiple sclerosis (MS), while *13:03-*03:01, *04:05-*03:01, *03:01-*0...

    Authors: J. Frau, D. Cossu, C. Sardu, G. Mameli, G. Coghe, L. Lorefice, G. Fenu, S. Tranquilli, L. A. Sechi, M. G. Marrosu and E. Cocco

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:148

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Comprehensive epidemiologic data for multiple sclerosis (MS) in Poland are limited. The aim of this cross-sectional population-based study was to determine the incidence and prevalence of MS in the Swietokrzys...

    Authors: Waldemar Brola, Piotr Sobolewski, Stanisław Flaga, Małgorzata Fudala, Wiktor Szczuchniak, Jan Stoiński, Anita Rosołowska, Jacek Wójcik, Katarzyna Kapica-Topczewska and Danuta Ryglewicz

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:134

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Daclizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against CD25 that modulates interleukin 2 signaling. The SELECT TRILOGY of clinical studies (SELECT/SELECTION/SELECTED) evaluated the safety and efficacy of dacliz...

    Authors: Ralf Gold, Ernst-Wilhelm Radue, Gavin Giovannoni, Krzysztof Selmaj, Eva Havrdova, Dusan Stefoski, Till Sprenger, Xavier Montalban, Stanley Cohan, Kimberly Umans, Steven J. Greenberg, Gulden Ozen and Jacob Elkins

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:117

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Alemtuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD52, is licensed in Europe since October 2013 as treatment for adult patients with active relapsing-remitting multip...

    Authors: Tjalf Ziemssen, Ulrich Engelmann, Sigbert Jahn, Alexandra Leptich, Raimar Kern, Lina Hassoun and Katja Thomas

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:109

    Content type: Study protocol

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  30. To examine whether past and current reserve-related activities make the brain less susceptible to MS pathology (i.e., lesions or disease-related atrophy).

    Authors: Carolyn E. Schwartz, Michael G. Dwyer, Ralph Benedict, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, Niels P. Bergsland, Jei Li, Murali Ramanathan and Robert Zivadinov

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:108

    Content type: Research article

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  31. This retrospective analysis explored prognostic factors associated with a benign multiple sclerosis (BMS) disease course at baseline and over the 4-year follow-up.

    Authors: Robert Zivadinov, Diane L. Cookfair, Lauren Krupp, Aaron E. Miller, Neil Lava, Patricia K. Coyle, Andrew D. Goodman, Burk Jubelt, Michael Lenihan, Joseph Herbert, Malcolm Gottesman, David H. Snyder, Brian R. Apatoff, Barbara E. Teter, Allan B. Perel, Frederick Munschauer…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:102

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Patients suffering from several neurologic disorders may bear the “stigma” of their disease, being disqualified from full social acceptance. Although stigma is considered to be present in Multiple Sclerosis (M...

    Authors: Maria Anagnostouli, Serafeim Katsavos, Artemios Artemiadis, Markos Zacharis, Paraskevi Argyrou, Ilia Theotoka, Fotini Christidi, Ioannis Zalonis and Ioannis Liappas

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:101

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Natalizumab provides rapid and high-efficacy control of multiple sclerosis disease activity with long-term stabilization. However, the benefits of the drug are countered by a risk of developing progressive mul...

    Authors: Tjalf Ziemssen, Achim Gass, Jens Wuerfel, Antonios Bayas, Björn Tackenberg, Volker Limmroth, Ralf Linker, Mathias Mäurer, Judith Haas, Martin Stangel, Matthias Meergans, Olof Harlin and Hans-Peter Hartung

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:98

    Content type: Study protocol

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  34. In neuromyelitis optica (NMO), one of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms is the formation of antigen-antibody complexes which can trigger an inflammatory response by inducing the infiltration of neutrophils ...

    Authors: Tao Yang, Su Wang, Qi Zheng, Lei Wang, Qian Li, Mingyan Wei, Zongpan Du and Yongping Fan

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:96

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Functional biomarkers able to identify multiple sclerosis (MS) patients at high risk of fast disability progression are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of multimodal (upper and lower...

    Authors: Xavier Giffroy, Nathalie Maes, Adelin Albert, Pierre Maquet, Jean-Michel Crielaard and Dominique Dive

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:83

    Content type: Research article

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  36. In people with multiple sclerosis (MS) disabilities and limitations may negatively affect self-efficacy. Lowered self-efficacy has been associated with decreases in health-related quality of life, physical act...

    Authors: Peter Joseph Jongen, Marco Heerings, Rob Ruimschotel, Astrid Hussaarts, Silvia Evers, Lotte Duyverman, Joyce Valkenburg-Vissers, Job Cornelissen, Michel Bos, Maarten van Droffelaar, Wim A. Lemmens, Rogier Donders, Anneke van der Zande and Leo H. Visser

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:81

    Content type: Study protocol

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  37. The present study was carried out to evaluate cerebral perfusion in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with a moderate to severe stage of disease. Some patients underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) and bra...

    Authors: Mina Taghizadeh Asl, Reza Nemati, Negar Chabi, Hooman Salimipour, Iraj Nabipour and Majid Assadi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:79

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata), a medicinal plant, has shown anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and antifibrotic effects in animal models as well as clinical efficacy in different studies, including an a...

    Authors: J. C. Bertoglio, M. Baumgartner, R. Palma, E. Ciampi, C. Carcamo, D. D. Cáceres, G. Acosta-Jamett, J. L. Hancke and R. A. Burgos

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:77

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Accumulating evidences from experimental, epidemiologic and clinical studies support the potential linkage between poor vitamin D status and the risk of developing Multiple Sclerosis (MS), as well as, an adver...

    Authors: Soodeh Razeghi Jahromi, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Mansoureh Togha, Behnaz Sedighi, Vahid Shayegannejad, Alireza Nickseresht, Shahriar Nafissi, Niayesh Mohebbi, Nastran Majdinasab, Mohsen Foroughipour, Masoud Etemadifar, Nahid Beladi Moghadam, Hormoz Ayramlou, Fereshteh Ashtari and Shekoofe Alaie

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:76

    Content type: Debate

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  41. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an incurable, unpredictable but typically progressive neurological condition. It is the most common cause of neurological disability in young adults. Within 15 years of diagnosis, ap...

    Authors: J. A. Freeman, W. Hendrie, S. Creanor, L. Jarrett, A. Barton, C. Green, J. Marsden, E. Rogers and J. Zajicek

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:62

    Content type: Study protocol

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  42. The management of multiple sclerosis (MS) is rapidly changing by the introduction of new and more effective disease-modifying agents. The importance of risk stratification was confirmed by results on disease p...

    Authors: Gustavo Saposnik, Angel Perez Sempere, Roula Raptis, Daniel Prefasi, Daniel Selchen and Jorge Maurino

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:58

    Content type: Study protocol

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  45. Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) is a disorder radiologically characterized by reversible lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC). Most of patients with RESLES associated with encephali...

    Authors: Yuanzhao Zhu, Junjun Zheng, Ling Zhang, Zhenguo Zeng, Min Zhu, Xiaobin Li, Xiaoliang Lou, Hui Wan and Daojun Hong

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:49

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Leakage of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a common pathological feature in multiple sclerosis (MS). Following a breach of the BBB, albumin, the most abundant protein in plasma, gains access to CNS tissue whe...

    Authors: Steven M. LeVine

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:47

    Content type: Review

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  47. Alemtuzumab (Lemtrada®) is a newly approved therapeutic agent for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). In previous phase II and III clinical trials, alemtuzumab has proven superior efficacy to subcut...

    Authors: Tobias Ruck, Ali Maisam Afzali, Karl-Friedrich Lukat, Maria Eveslage, Catharina C. Gross, Steffen Pfeuffer, Stefan Bittner, Luisa Klotz, Nico Melzer, Heinz Wiendl and Sven G. Meuth

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:34

    Content type: Study protocol

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  48. There is limited knowledge regarding how depressive symptoms and a cluster of specific mood symptoms in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) vary over time and how they are influenced by contributing factors. T...

    Authors: Sverker Johansson, Kristina Gottberg, Marie Kierkegaard and Charlotte Ytterberg

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:32

    Content type: Research article

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  49. People with multiple sclerosis (MS) are increasingly using the Internet in the daily management of their condition. They search for high-quality information in plain language, from independent sources, based o...

    Authors: Cinzia Colombo, Graziella Filippini, Anneliese Synnot, Sophie Hill, Roberta Guglielmino, Silvia Traversa, Paolo Confalonieri, Paola Mosconi and Irene Tramacere

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:30

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Leukoencephalopathy with calcifications and cysts (LCC or Labrune disease) is a relatively recently defined and exceptionally rare disease in which parenchymal cysts and calcifications within a widespread leuk...

    Authors: C. Stephani, S. Pfeifenbring, A. Mohr and C. Stadelmann

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:19

    Content type: Case report

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