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Movement disorders

This section covers all types and aspects of movement disorders. Topics of include, but are not limited to, Parkinson's Disease, transcranial magnetic stimulation, spasticity, dyskinesia, movement disorders, rehabilitation and spinal cord injury.

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  2. Content type: Research article

    Stroke is the second-leading global cause of death behind heart disease in 2013 and is a major cause of permanent disability. The burden of stroke in terms of mortality, morbidity and disability is increasing ...

    Authors: Ginenus Fekadu, Legese Chelkeba and Ayantu Kebede

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:187

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  3. Content type: Research article

    Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a serious, often irreversible movement disorder caused by prolonged exposure to antipsychotics; identifying patients at risk for TD is critical to preventing it. Predictive models fo...

    Authors: Oscar Patterson-Lomba, Rajeev Ayyagari and Benjamin Carroll

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:174

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  4. Content type: Research article

    Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life-changing experience for the individuals with SCI and their families. This study aimed to investigate physical strategies used for overcoming physical disability in individual...

    Authors: Alireza Nikbakht-Nasrabadi, Nooredin Mohammadi, Manijeh Yazdanshenas and Maryam Shabany

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:171

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  5. Content type: Study protocol

    Our understanding of the etiology, pathophysiology, phenotypic diversity, and progression of Parkinson’s disease has stagnated. Consequently, patients do not receive the best care, leading to unnecessary disab...

    Authors: B. R. Bloem, W. J. Marks Jr., A. L. Silva de Lima, M. L. Kuijf, T. van Laar, B. P. F. Jacobs, M. M. Verbeek, R. C. Helmich, B. P. van de Warrenburg, L. J. W. Evers, J. intHout, T. van de Zande, T. M. Snyder, R. Kapur and M. J. Meinders

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:160

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  6. Content type: Study protocol

    Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is the most common subtype among the autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias, a group of neurodegenerative disorders for which currently no disease-specific therapy is availa...

    Authors: Roderick P. P. W. M. Maas, Ivan Toni, Jonne Doorduin, Thomas Klockgether, Dennis J. L. G. Schutter and Bart P. C. van de Warrenburg

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:149

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  7. Content type: Study protocol

    Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Patients suffer from a variety of motor and non-motor symptoms that severely affect their daily lives and quality of life. In many...

    Authors: Carolin Siegert, Björn Hauptmann, Nicole Jochems, Andreas Schrader and Ruth Deck

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:143

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    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Neurology 2019 19:199

  8. Content type: Research article

    Dystonia is a movement disorder substantially affecting the quality of life and the ability to work. A proportion of patients does not respond to first line pharmacotherapy. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is est...

    Authors: Rebekka M. Ortiz, Filip Scheperjans and Eero Pekkonen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:137

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  9. Content type: Case report

    Diabetic chorea appears during the course of poorly-controlled diabetes. While chorea associated with diabetes mellitus usually occurs during hyperglycemic episodes, hypoglycemia can also cause diabetic chorea...

    Authors: Eriko Matsushima, Hiroshi Shiota, Kentaro Watanabe, Yuichiro Otsuka, Midori Yamana, Suguru Yamaguchi, Fujiko Egashira, Satoshi Kamei and Hisamitsu Ishihara

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:131

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  10. Content type: Research article

    Clinical diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) has always lagged behind clinical symptoms. The diagnostic latency might be influenced by many factors. The diagnostic latency of Chinese people with PD has been ...

    Authors: Ying Wan, Yingying Zhu, Yi Luo, Xun Han, Yongsheng Li, Jing Gan, Na Wu, Anmu Xie and Zhenguo Liu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:120

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  11. Content type: Research article

    Toxic oligomeric α-synuclein (αS; O-αS) has been suggested to play a central role in the pathogenesis of Lewy body diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of αS, O-αS, total...

    Authors: Hidetomo Murakami, Takahiko Tokuda, Omar M. A. El-Agnaf, Takuma Ohmichi, Ayako Miki, Hideaki Ohashi, Yoshiyuki Owan, Yu Saito, Satoshi Yano, Tamao Tsukie, Takeshi Ikeuchi and Kenjiro Ono

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:113

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  12. Content type: Research article

    Idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) affects 1–2% of people over 60 years of age and presents a high risk of developing a neurodegenerative disorder from the group of synucleinopathies,...

    Authors: Jitka Bušková, Pavla Peřinová, Eva Miletínová, Petr Dušek, Evžen Růžička, Karel Šonka and David Kemlink

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:110

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  13. Content type: Research article

    Apathy is a prominent non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD). People with apathy show a lack of emotion, passion, and motivation. Between 17 and 70% of persons with PD have apathy; the extreme heterogen...

    Authors: Bria Mele, Zahra Goodarzi, Heather M. Hanson and Jayna Holroyd-Leduc

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:101

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  14. Content type: Research article

    This pilot study was to examine the feasibility and tolerance of whole body vibration therapy (WBVT) for children and adults with moderate severity of cerebral palsy (CP) being graded as levels III or IV on th...

    Authors: Tamis W. Pin, Penelope B. Butler and Sheila Purves

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:80

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  15. Content type: Case report

    Huntington’s disease (HD) is a rare, genetic neurodegenerative disorder often presenting with emotional, cognitive and behavioral abnormalities before manifestation of disease defining motor symptoms. Cognitiv...

    Authors: Sebastian Michels, Hans-Georg Buchholz, Florian Rosar, Isabel Heinrich, Manuela A. Hoffmann, Susann Schweiger, Oliver Tüscher and Mathias Schreckenberger

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:78

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  16. Content type: Research article

    Parkinson’s disease is a complex neurological disorder characterized by a variety of motor- as well as non-motor symptoms. Video-based technology (using continuous home monitoring) may bridge the gap between t...

    Authors: N. M. de Vries, K. Smilowska, J. Hummelink, B. Abramiuc, M. M. van Gilst, B. R. Bloem, P. H. N. de With and S. Overeem

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:71

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  17. Content type: Research article

    Gait Initiation (GI) is a functional task that challenges the balance control requiring weight shift and a transition from standing to walking. Individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) walk with low velocity, prolo...

    Authors: Carolina Corsi, Veronica Cimolin, Paolo Capodaglio, Claudia Condoluci and Manuela Galli

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:66

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  18. Content type: Research article

    Dopaminergic neuronal loss begins years before motor symptoms appear in Parkinson disease (PD). Thus, reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of PD are an essential pre-requisite to develop disea...

    Authors: Dilini Rathnayake, Thashi Chang and Preethi Udagama

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:56

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  19. Content type: Research article

    There are currently no standard diagnostic criteria for characterizing advanced Parkinson’s disease (APD) in clinical practice, a critical component in determining ongoing clinical care and therapeutic strateg...

    Authors: Alfonso Fasano, Victor S. C. Fung, Leonardo Lopiano, Bulent Elibol, Irina G. Smolentseva, Klaus Seppi, Annamária Takáts, Koray Onuk, Juan Carlos Parra, Lars Bergmann, Kavita Sail, Yash Jalundhwala and Zvezdan Pirtosek

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:50

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  20. Content type: Research article

    The prevalence of Restless legs syndrome (RLS) in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients is higher than that in the general population. However, the associations of RLS within the ESRD population are inconsis...

    Authors: Xiao-Wei Lin, Jun-Fang Zhang, Meng-Yao Qiu, Ling-Yan Ni, Hong-Lei Yu, Sheng-Han Kuo, William G. Ondo, Qing Yu and Yun-Cheng Wu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:47

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  21. Content type: Research article

    We aimed to produce a detailed neuropathological analysis of pyramidal motor system pathology and provide its clinical pathological correlation in cases with definite progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).

    Authors: Zuzana Stejskalova, Zdenek Rohan, Robert Rusina, Adam Tesar, Jaromir Kukal, Gabor G. Kovacs, Ales Bartos and Radoslav Matej

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:42

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  22. Content type: Study protocol

    Currently there are no disease-modifying treatments for Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD), a condition linked to aggregation of the protein α-synuclein in subcortical and cortical brain areas. One of the lead...

    Authors: C. R. A. Silveira, J. MacKinley, K. Coleman, Z. Li, E. Finger, R. Bartha, S. A. Morrow, J. Wells, M. Borrie, R. G. Tirona, C. A. Rupar, G. Zou, R. A. Hegele, D. Mahuran, P. MacDonald, M. E. Jenkins…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:20

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  25. Content type: Case report

    Dopamine agonists (DAs) are efficacious for the treatment of motor and nonmotor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The treatment of PD with DAs is often complicated by adverse drug reactions (...

    Authors: Piao Zhang, Yan Li, Kun Nie, Lijuan Wang and Yuhu Zhang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:221

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  26. Content type: Study protocol

    Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic progressive disorder leading to increasing disability. While the symptoms and needs of patients in the early stages of their disease are well characterized, little informa...

    Authors: Monika Balzer-Geldsetzer, Joaquim Ferreira, Per Odin, Bastiaan R. Bloem, Wassilios G. Meissner, Stefan Lorenzl, Michael Wittenberg, Richard Dodel and Anette Schrag

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:185

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  27. Content type: Case report

    Progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) syndrome is a rare neurological condition. Its clinical characteristics include axial and limb muscle rigidity, myoclonus, painful spasms and hy...

    Authors: Aurélie Degeneffe, Marie Dagonnier, Alain D’hondt and Jose Antonio Elosegi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:173

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  28. Content type: Research article

    Autonomic nervous system dysfunction, common in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), causes significant morbidity and it is correlated with poor quality of life. To assess frequency of urinary symptoms in p...

    Authors: Francesca Valentino, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Giuseppe Cosentino, Sergio Mastrilli, Valentina Arnao, Paolo Aridon, Salvatore Scurria, Alice Pavone, Carlo Pavone and Marco D’Amelio

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:148

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  29. Content type: Case report

    Ocular neuromyotonia (ONM) is characterized by episodic diplopia, which is usually triggered by prolonged eccentric gaze of the affected extraocular muscles. The spell is characterized by involuntary, occasion...

    Authors: Tanyatuth Padungkiatsagul, Panitha Jindahra, Anuchit Poonyathalang, Narong Samipak and Kavin Vanikieti

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:137

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  30. Content type: Research article

    Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) results from impaired vasoconstriction due to dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system and is commonly associated with Parkinson disease (PD), multiple system atroph...

    Authors: Daniel O. Claassen, Charles H. Adler, L. Arthur Hewitt and Christopher Gibbons

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:125

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  31. Content type: Research article

    Chinese guidelines for management of Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been issued and updated regularly since 2006. We undertook a cross-sectional survey to evaluate the impact of the latest edition (2014) on cur...

    Authors: Gang Wang, Hai-Lun Cui, Jun Liu, Qin Xiao, Ying Wang, Jian-Fang Ma, Hai-Yan Zhou, Jing Pan, Yu-Yan Tan and Sheng-Di Chen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:122

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  32. Content type: Research article

    Deficits in gait and balance are common among neurological inpatients. Currently, assessment of these patients is mainly subjective. New assessment options using wearables may provide complementary and more ob...

    Authors: Felix P. Bernhard, Jennifer Sartor, Kristina Bettecken, Markus A. Hobert, Carina Arnold, Yvonne G. Weber, Sven Poli, Nils G. Margraf, Christian Schlenstedt, Clint Hansen and Walter Maetzler

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:114

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  34. Content type: Research article

    Sleep disturbances are common in patients with advanced Parkinson disease (PD). The aim of this study was to evaluate a possible association of cortical thickness, cortical and subcortical volume with sleep di...

    Authors: Andrius Radziunas, Vytenis Pranas Deltuva, Arimantas Tamasauskas, Rymante Gleizniene, Aiste Pranckeviciene, Kestutis Petrikonis and Adomas Bunevicius

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:88

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  35. Content type: Case report

    Horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis (HGPPS) is a rare autosomal recessive congenital anomaly characterized by horizontal gaze limitation and progressive scoliosis. We investigated the underlying p...

    Authors: Chi-Wei Lin, Chung-Ping Lo and Min-Chien Tu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:75

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  36. Content type: Research article

    The respiratory dysfunction of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) has drawn increasing attention. This study evaluated the relationship between gray matter volume (GMV), as determined by voxel-based morpho...

    Authors: Sieh-Yang Lee, Meng-Hsiang Chen, Pi-Ling Chiang, Hsiu-Ling Chen, Kun-Hsien Chou, Yueh-Cheng Chen, Chiun-Chieh Yu, Nai-Wen Tsai, Shau-Hsuan Li, Cheng-Hsien Lu and Wei-Che Lin

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:73

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  37. Content type: Study protocol

    Differentiation of Parkinson’s disease (PD) from the various types of atypical parkinsonism (AP) such as multiple system atrophy (MSA), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), co...

    Authors: Anouke van Rumund, Marjolein B. Aerts, Rianne A. J. Esselink, Frederick J. A. Meijer, Marcel M. Verbeek and Bastiaan R. Bloem

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:69

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  38. Content type: Case report

    Some metabolic disorders, including abnormal calcium metabolism, can develop and worsen parkinsonism. However, whether hyperparathyroidism can cause parkinsonism remains controversial.

    Authors: Yuichiro Ohya, Masato Osaki, Shota Sakai, Shunsuke Kimura, Chiharu Yasuda, Tetsuro Ago, Takanari Kitazono and Shuji Arakawa

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:62

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  39. Content type: Case report

    Hepatic encephalopathy may manifest by a wide spectrum of neuropsychiatric symptoms, including cognitive impairment, seizures or extrapyramidal symptoms. The liver transplant can lead to improvement of the sig...

    Authors: Karin Gmitterová, Michal Minár, Miroslav Žigrai, Zuzana Košutzká, Alice Kušnírová and Peter Valkovič

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:44

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  40. Content type: Research article

    Wilson disease is a rare genetic disorder in which impaired copper excretion results in toxic copper levels and tissue damage. Manifestations are primarily hepatic and/or neuropsychiatric, with a variety of ne...

    Authors: Anna Członkowska, Tomasz Litwin, Karolina Dzieżyc, Michal Karliński, Johan Bring and Carl Bjartmar

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:34

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  41. Content type: Research article

    Constipation is one of the most frequent non-motor symptoms (NMS) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and the prevalence of constipation in PD patients varies among different studies. We designed this study to survey ...

    Authors: Jing Gan, Ying Wan, Junjie Shi, Mingzhu Zhou, Zhiyin Lou and Zhenguo Liu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:29

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  42. Content type: Research article

    Spiral drawing on papers is a common tremor evaluation tool for diagnosing patients with essential tremor (ET) or Parkinson’s disease (PD). No standard drawing methods and parameters that use graphic tablets a...

    Authors: Po-Chieh Lin, Kai-Hsiang Chen, Bing-Shiang Yang and Yu-Jung Chen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:25

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  43. Content type: Research article

    Parkinson’s disease is a heterogeneous disorder where genetic factors may underlie clinical variability. Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia strongly linked to synucleinopathies, i...

    Authors: Kari Anne Bjørnarå, Lasse Pihlstrøm, Espen Dietrichs and Mathias Toft

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:20

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  44. Content type: Research article

    Comparisons between neurological conditions have the potential to inform service providers by identifying particular areas of difficulty experienced by affected individuals. This study aimed to identify predic...

    Authors: David Morley, Sarah Dummett, Laura Kelly, Ray Fitzpatrick and Crispin Jenkinson

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:19

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  45. Content type: Research article

    Transcranial ultrasound is a useful tool for providing the evidences for the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD). However, the relationship between hyper echogenicity in substa...

    Authors: Shu-yang Yu, Chen-jie Cao, Li-jun Zuo, Ze-jie Chen, Teng-hong Lian, Fang Wang, Yang Hu, Ying-shan Piao, Li-xia Li, Peng Guo, Li Liu, Qiu-jin Yu, Rui-dan Wang, Piu Chan, Sheng-di Chen, Xiao-min Wang…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:9

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  46. Content type: Research article

    Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) subtypes are often caused by expansions in non-coding regions of genes like SCA8, SCA10, SCA12 and SCA36. Other ataxias are known to be associated with repeat expansions such as fragi...

    Authors: Gülsah Aydin, Gabriele Dekomien, Sabine Hoffjan, Wanda Maria Gerding, Jörg T. Epplen and Larissa Arning

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:3

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  47. Content type: Research article

    Individuals with cerebral palsy have smaller muscle volumes normalised to body mass than their typically developing peers. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between lower limb muscle vol...

    Authors: Jonathan J. Noble, Emily Chruscikowski, Nicola R. D. Fry, Andrew P. Lewis, Martin Gough and Adam P. Shortland

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:223

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  48. Content type: Research article

    Evaluation of speech disorders in PD taking into account sociodemographic conditions is not frequent. This paper aims to establish correlations between articulation disorders in PD patients and factors such as...

    Authors: Wioletta Pawlukowska, Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka, Iwona Rotter, Krystyna Honczarenko and Przemysław Nowacki

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:221

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  49. Content type: Research article

    Real world data have an important role to play in the evaluation of epidemiology and burden of disease; and in assisting health-care decision-makers, especially related to coverage and payment decisions. Howev...

    Authors: Audrey Tanguy, Linus Jönsson and Lianna Ishihara

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:213

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  50. Content type: Research article

    The loss of the swallow-tail sign of the substantia nigra has been proposed for diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Aim was to evaluate, if the sign occurs consistently in healthy subjects and if it can be relia...

    Authors: Manuel A. Schmidt, Tobias Engelhorn, Franz Marxreiter, Juergen Winkler, Stefan Lang, Stephan Kloska, Philipp Goelitz and Arnd Doerfler

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:194

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