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Movement disorders

Section edited by Yih-Ru Wu

This section covers all types and aspects of movement disorders. Topics of include, but are not limited to, Parkinson's Disease, transcranial magnetic stimulation, spasticity, dyskinesia, movement disorders, rehabilitation and spinal cord injury.

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  1. Content type: Research article

    Cognitive impairment strikingly reduces the quality of life of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. Studies find that pathological proteins, neuroinflammatory factors and free radicals may involve in the pathoge...

    Authors: Shu-yang Yu, Li-jun Zuo, Fang Wang, Ze-jie Chen, Yang Hu, Ya-jie Wang, Xiao-min Wang and Wei Zhang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:113

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  3. Content type: Study protocol

    Parkinson’s disease affects facial, vocal and trunk muscles. As symptoms progress, facial expression becomes masked, limiting the person’s ability to communicate emotions and intentions to others. As people wi...

    Authors: Linda Tickle-Degnen, Marie Saint-Hilaire, Cathi A Thomas, Barbara Habermann, Linda S Sprague Martinez, Norma Terrin, Farzad Noubary and Elena N Naumova

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:95

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  4. Content type: Research article

    Botulinum toxins are considered first-line therapy for treatment of cervical dystonia (CD) and must be injected on a repeat basis. Understanding the duration of clinical benefit of botulinum toxins and its imp...

    Authors: Wallace A Marsh, Deirdre M Monroe, Mitchell F Brin and Conor J Gallagher

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:91

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  5. Content type: Research article

    Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for patients with advanced parkinson’s disease (PD). Research shows that women are under-represented among patients undergoing DBS surgery. This may be ...

    Authors: Katarina Hamberg and Gun-Marie Hariz

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:89

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  6. Content type: Research article

    Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a common parasomnia in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. The current International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD-II) requires a clinical int...

    Authors: Maartje Louter, Johan BAM Arends, Bastiaan R Bloem and Sebastiaan Overeem

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:76

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  7. Content type: Study protocol

    Multiple tasking is an integral part of daily mobility. Patients with Parkinson’s disease have dual tasking difficulties due to their combined motor and cognitive deficits. Two contrasting physiotherapy interv...

    Authors: Carolien Strouwen, Esther ALM Molenaar, Samyra HJ Keus, Liesbeth Münks, Marten Munneke, Wim Vandenberghe, Bastiaan R Bloem and Alice Nieuwboer

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:61

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  8. Content type: Research article

    Essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are considered distinct disorders. The aim of the study was to look for a link or any distinguishing features by transcranial sonography (TCS), together with ...

    Authors: Kristina Laučkaitė, Daiva Rastenytė, Danguolė Šurkienė, Birutė Vaidelytė, Gabrielė Dambrauskaitė, Andrius Sakalauskas, Antanas Vaitkus and Rymantė Gleiznienė

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:54

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  9. Content type: Research article

    Current evidence has suggested the need for increased self-management support efforts in spinal cord injury (SCI) to reduce secondary complications. However, current self-management programs may not be suitabl...

    Authors: Sarah EP Munce, Fiona Webster, Michael G Fehlings, Sharon E Straus, Eunice Jang and Susan B Jaglal

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:48

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  10. Content type: Research article

    Pain is a troublesome non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The RECOVER (Randomized Evaluation of the 24-hour Coverage: Efficacy of Rotigotine; Clintrials.gov: NCT00474058) study demonstrated signific...

    Authors: Jan Kassubek, Kallol Ray Chaudhuri, Theresa Zesiewicz, Erwin Surmann, Babak Boroojerdi, Kimberly Moran, Liesbet Ghys and Claudia Trenkwalder

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:42

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  11. Content type: Research article

    Current clinical assessments of motor function in Huntington’s Disease (HD) rely on subjective ratings such as the Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating scale (UHDRS). The ability to track disease progression us...

    Authors: Lucy M Collins, Stanley E Lazic and Roger A Barker

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:35

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  13. Content type: Research article

    Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), also named spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is the most common autosomal dominant ataxia worldwide. Although nystagmus is one of the most frequently reported ocular alteration...

    Authors: Mafalda Raposo, João Vasconcelos, Conceição Bettencourt, Teresa Kay, Paula Coutinho and Manuela Lima

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2014 14:17

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  14. Content type: Study protocol

    Long duration spaceflight (i.e., 22 days or longer) has been associated with changes in sensorimotor systems, resulting in difficulties that astronauts experience with posture control, locomotion, and manual c...

    Authors: Vincent Koppelmans, Burak Erdeniz, Yiri E De Dios, Scott J Wood, Patricia A Reuter-Lorenz, Igor Kofman, Jacob J Bloomberg, Ajitkumar P Mulavara and Rachael D Seidler

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:205

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  15. Content type: Research article

    Recent studies suggest that epigenetic factors may play an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). In our previous work, we sequenced the exomes of sixteen patients from eight Chinese P...

    Authors: Xin-xin Liao, Zi-xiong Zhan, Ying-ying Luo, Kai Li, Jun-ling Wang, Ji-feng Guo, Xin-xiang Yan, Kun Xia, Bei-sha Tang and Lu Shen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:196

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  16. Content type: Case report

    The administration of anesthetics determines depression of the central nervous system and general anesthesia by inhalation may cause an environmental pollution of the operating rooms. It may therefore conceive...

    Authors: Giuseppe Mastrangelo, Vera Comiati, Massimiliano dell’Aquila and Emanuele Zamprogno

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:194

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  17. Content type: Research article

    Alcohol has been suggested to be either protective of, or not associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, experimental animal studies indicate that chronic heavy alcohol consumption may have dopamine ne...

    Authors: Anna-Karin Eriksson, Sofia Löfving, Russell C Callaghan and Peter Allebeck

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:190

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  18. Content type: Study protocol

    Gait impairment is common in people with Parkinson’s disease. There is a lack of effective interventions to target this debilitating complication and therefore a need to identify new therapeutic options. An un...

    Authors: Emily J Henderson, Stephen R Lord, Jacqueline CT Close, Andrew D Lawrence, Alan Whone and Yoav Ben-Shlomo

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:188

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  19. Content type: Research article

    Anti-dementia drugs may improve gait performance. No comparison between acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (CEIs) and memantine-related changes in gait variability has been reported. The objectives of this study ...

    Authors: Olivier Beauchet, Cyrille P Launay, Gazan Allali, Gilles Watfa, Karim Gallouj, François R Herrmann and Cédric Annweiler

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:184

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  20. Content type: Case report

    Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is a classical tumor-associated, immune-mediated disease typically associated with gynecological malignancies, small-cell lung-cancer or lymphoma.

    Authors: Christian Henke, Johannes Rieger, Sylvia Hartmann, Marcus Middendorp, Helmuth Steinmetz and Ulf Ziemann

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:147

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  21. Content type: Research article

    Psychoses such as hallucinations are a frequent non-motor problem in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and serious psychosis requires anti-psychotic medications that worsen Parkinsonism. Although psychosis ...

    Authors: Hideyuki Sawada, Tomoko Oeda, Kenji Yamamoto, Atsushi Umemura, Satoshi Tomita, Ryutaro Hayashi, Masayuki Kohsaka and Takashi Kawamura

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:145

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  22. Content type: Study protocol

    With an increased life expectancy for the general population as well as for those ageing with chronic diseases, there are major challenges to the affected individuals and their families, but also to health car...

    Authors: Maria H Nilsson and Susanne Iwarsson

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:142

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  23. Content type: Research article

    Locomotor training using robots is increasingly being used for rehabilitation to reduce manpower and the heavy burden on therapists, and the effectiveness of such techniques has been investigated. The robot su...

    Authors: Hiroaki Kawamoto, Kiyotaka Kamibayashi, Yoshio Nakata, Kanako Yamawaki, Ryohei Ariyasu, Yoshiyuki Sankai, Masataka Sakane, Kiyoshi Eguchi and Naoyuki Ochiai

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:141

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  24. Content type: Research article

    Several reports have described that individual periodic leg movements during sleep (PLMS) activities are associated with autonomic nervous system activity occurring shortly before each PLMS activity. Neverthel...

    Authors: Taeko Sasai, Masato Matsuura and Yuichi Inoue

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:139

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  25. Content type: Study protocol

    Patients with Parkinson’s disease often suffer from reduced mobility due to impaired postural control. Balance exercises form an integral part of rehabilitative therapy but the effectiveness of existing interv...

    Authors: Maarten RC van den Heuvel, Erwin EH van Wegen, Cees JT de Goede, Ingrid AL Burgers-Bots, Peter J Beek, Andreas Daffertshofer and Gert Kwakkel

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:137

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  26. Content type: Case report

    Wilson’s disease (WD) is a genetic disorder which can be controlled fairly well with decupuration therapy. However, symptoms, on rare occasions, can worsen even when WD is being treated. Herein, we report a ca...

    Authors: Young Eun Kim, Ji Young Yun, Hui-Jun Yang, Han-Joon Kim and Beom S Jeon

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:127

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  27. Content type: Research article

    OnabotulinumtoxinA has demonstrated significant benefit in adult focal spasticity. This study reviews the injection patterns (i.e., muscle distribution, dosing) of onabotulinumtoxinA for treatment of adult spa...

    Authors: Luba Nalysnyk, Spyridon Papapetropoulos, Philip Rotella, Jason C Simeone, Katharine E Alter and Alberto Esquenazi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:118

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  28. Content type: Research article

    Only a few case reports and case series dealing with oral and dental health care are available in literature until now. The aim of the present pilot study was to determine the status of dental health in compar...

    Authors: Carsten Saft, Jürgen E Andrich, Thomas Müller, Julia Becker and Jochen Jackowski

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:114

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  29. Content type: Research article

    Ropinirole prolonged release (RPR) is a once-daily formulation. However, there may be individual pharmacokinetic differences so that multiple dosing may be preferred in some individuals. This study compares on...

    Authors: Ji Young Yun, Han-Joon Kim, Jee-Young Lee, Young Eun Kim, Ji Seon Kim, Jong-Min Kim and Beom S Jeon

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:113

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  31. Content type: Study protocol

    Cervical dystonia is characterized by involuntary muscle contractions of the neck and abnormal head positions that affect daily life activities and social life of patients. Patients are usually treated with bo...

    Authors: Joost van den Dool, Bart Visser, J Hans TM Koelman, Raoul HH Engelbert and Marina AJ Tijssen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:85

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  33. Content type: Research article

    Weight loss is a frequent feature in the motor neuron disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In this study we investigated possible causes of weight loss in ALS, its impact on mood/quality of life (QOL) ...

    Authors: Sonja Körner, Melanie Hendricks, Katja Kollewe, Antonia Zapf, Reinhard Dengler, Vincenzo Silani and Susanne Petri

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:84

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  34. Content type: Case report

    Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a transient clinical and neuroradiologic syndrome caused by cerebral vasogenic edema. Various reversible neurologic symptoms were shown in patients with P...

    Authors: Asuka Nakajima, Yuji Ueno, Hideki Shimura, Taiki Kambe, Kenya Nishioka, Nobutaka Hattori and Takao Urabe

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:79

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  35. Content type: Research article

    To compare the value of ultrasonography for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).

    Authors: Nai-Wen Tsai, Lian-Hui Lee, Chi-Ren Huang, Wen-Neng Chang, Hung-Chen Wang, Yu-Jun Lin, Wei-Che Lin, Tsu-Kung Lin, Ben-Chung Cheng, Yu-Jih Su, Chia-Te Kung, Shu-Fang Chen and Cheng-Hsien Lu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:65

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  36. Content type: Case report

    We report a case of childhood onset, generalized dystonia due to slowly progressive bilateral striatal necrosis associated with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies. This clinical phenotype ha...

    Authors: Charalampos Tzoulis, Christian Vedeler, Mette Haugen, Anette Storstein, Gia Tuong Tran, Ivar Otto Gjerde, Martin Biermann, Thomas Schwarzlmüller and Laurence A Bindoff

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:55

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  37. Content type: Case report

    Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) was first described in 2010 by Pittock and colleagues. All reported patients presented with diplopia and...

    Authors: Juerd Wijntjes, Ernest J Wouda, Carl EH Siegert, Giorgos B Karas and Annemarie MM Vlaar

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:49

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  38. Content type: Research article

    Over the last years, the introduction of robotic technologies into Parkinson’s disease rehabilitation settings has progressed from concept to reality. However, the benefit of robotic training remains elusive. ...

    Authors: Patrizio Sale, Maria Francesca De Pandis, Domenica Le Pera, Ivan Sova, Veronica Cimolin, Andrea Ancillao, Giorgio Albertini, Manuela Galli, Fabrizio Stocchi and Marco Franceschini

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:50

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  39. Content type: Research article

    Traditionally, tinnitus accompanied by hemifacial spasm has been considered a type of hyperactive neurovascular compression syndrome that is similar to hemifacial spasm alone because of the anatomically close ...

    Authors: Won Seok Chang, Bong Soo Kim, Ji Eun Lee, Hyun Ho Jung, Kiwoong Kim, Hyuk Chan Kwon, Yong Ho Lee and Jin Woo Chang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:42

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  40. Content type: Research article

    Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4-gamma 1 (EIF4G1) gene mutations have recently been reported in autosomal dominant, late-onset Parkinson’s disease (LOPD). We carried out genetic analysis to determine th...

    Authors: Kai Li, Bei-sha Tang, Ji-feng Guo, Ming-xing Lou, Zhan-yun Lv, Zhen-hua Liu, Yun Tian, Cheng-yuan Song, Kun Xia and Xin-xiang Yan

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:38

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  41. Content type: Research article

    Using surrogate biomarkers for disease progression as endpoints in neuroprotective clinical trials may help differentiate symptomatic effects of potential neuroprotective agents from true disease-modifying eff...

    Authors: David JM McGhee, Pamela L Royle, Paul A Thompson, David E Wright, John P Zajicek and Carl E Counsell

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:35

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  43. Content type: Research article

    Increasing evidence provides a clear association between rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorders (RBD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the clinical features that determine the co-morbidity of RBD and PD ...

    Authors: Keisuke Suzuki, Tomoyuki Miyamoto, Masayuki Miyamoto, Yuka Watanabe, Shiho Suzuki, Muneto Tatsumoto, Masaoki Iwanami, Tsubasa Sada, Taro Kadowaki, Ayaka Numao, Kenichi Hashimoto, Hideki Sakuta and Koichi Hirata

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:18

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  44. Content type: Research article

    There have been several reports concerning the survival time after symptom onset in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, little is known about how the choice of physician (i.e., general ...

    Authors: Osamu Kano, Konosuke Iwamoto, Hirono Ito, Yuji Kawase, Derek Cridebring, Ken Ikeda and Yasuo Iwasaki

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:19

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  45. Content type: Study protocol

    Recent work has demonstrated that fall risk can be attributed to cognitive as well as motor deficits. Indeed, everyday walking in complex environments utilizes executive function, dual tasking, planning and sc...

    Authors: Anat Mirelman, Lynn Rochester, Miriam Reelick, Freek Nieuwhof, Elisa Pelosin, Giovanni Abbruzzese, Kim Dockx, Alice Nieuwboer and Jeffrey M Hausdorff

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:15

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  46. Content type: Research article

    To explore current status and choices regarding diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) among physicians, general neurologists and movement disorders specialists in China via a national survey.

    Authors: Wei Chen, Shuai Chen, Qin Xiao, Gang Wang and Sheng-Di Chen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2012 12:155

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  47. Content type: Research article

    Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of unknown etiology, manifesting as combination of parkinsonism, cerebellar syndrome and dysautonomia. Disease-modifying therapies are ...

    Authors: Peter Novak, Arlene Williams, Paula Ravin, Omar Zurkiya, Amir Abduljalil and Vera Novak

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2012 12:131

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  49. Content type: Study protocol

    There is increasing scientific knowledge about the interaction between physiological (musculoskeletal, neuromuscular, cognitive and sensory) systems and their influence on balance and walking impairments in Pa...

    Authors: David Conradsson, Niklas Löfgren, Agneta Ståhle, Maria Hagströmer and Erika Franzén

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2012 12:111

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  50. Content type: Research article

    Essential tremor (ET) is one of the commonest movement disorders though the prevalence varies globally. There is paucity of data on ET prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. The study aimed to determine the prevale...

    Authors: Njideka U Okubadejo, Idowu A Bankole, Oluwadamilola O Ojo, Frank I Ojini and Mustapha A Danesi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2012 12:110

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