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Neurocritical care

Section edited by Andreas Meisel

This section covers life-threatening diseases of the central or peripheral nervous systems. Topics include, but are not limited to, coma, status epilepticus, intracranial hemorrhages, neurotrauma, delirium, metabolic encephalopathies, severe stroke, anoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, central nervous system infections and inflammations, Guillain-Barre syndrome, myasthenia gravis crises, intoxications and withdrawal states.

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  1. COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus SARS-CoV-2. It is widely recognized as a respiratory pathogen, but neurologic complications can be the presenting manifestation in a subset of ...

    Authors: Shelli Farhadian, Laura R. Glick, Chantal B. F. Vogels, Jared Thomas, Jennifer Chiarella, Arnau Casanovas-Massana, Jing Zhou, Camila Odio, Pavithra Vijayakumar, Bertie Geng, John Fournier, Santos Bermejo, Joseph R. Fauver, Tara Alpert, Anne L. Wyllie, Cynthia Turcotte…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:248

    Content type: Case report

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  2. Mechanical ventilation (MV) with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is commonly applied in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). However, the individual responsiveness of intracranial pressu...

    Authors: Hong Peng Li, Ying Ni Lin, Zhi Hui Cheng, Wei Qu, Liu Zhang and Qing Yun Li

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:234

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Intracranial necrotizing granulomatous space-occupying lesions are sparsely reported in literature. Variability in presenting symptomatology and radiographic features makes diagnostic work-up difficult.

    Authors: Kerilyn N. Godbe, Brian F. Saway, Evin L. Guilliams, John J. Entwistle and Robert W. Jarrett Jr

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:230

    Content type: Case report

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  4. Recent studies have examined hypertrophic pachymeningitis as an IgG4-RD. However, there are no reports of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related hypertrophic pachymeningitis with polycystic subdural hygroma.

    Authors: Kazumichi Ota, Yoshihiko Nakazato, Risa Okuda, Ryu Yokoyama, Hitoshi Kawasaki, Naotoshi Tamura and Toshimasa Yamamoto

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:228

    Content type: Case report

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  6. We evaluated severe pain-related adverse events (SAE) during the percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) procedure performed by a neurointensivist and compared the outcomes with that of conventional surgi...

    Authors: Yong Oh Kim, Chi Ryang Chung, Chi-Min Park, Gee Young Suh and Jeong-Am Ryu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:223

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Thrombocytopenia (TP) has been shown to be an independent predictor of mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Studies are lacking in the neurological ICU (NICU) population. The aim was to evaluat...

    Authors: Dawei Zhou, Zhimin Li, Lei Wu, Guangzhi Shi and Jianxin Zhou

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:220

    Content type: Research article

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  8. It is not well defined whether Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) patients with elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) levels have characteristic clinical features and are related to the subgroups of GBS.

    Authors: Takafumi Hosokawa, Hideto Nakajima, Taiki Sawai, Yoshitsugu Nakamura, Eri Sano, Akihiro Tsukahara, Kiichi Unoda, Shimon Ishida, Sadaki Sakane, Fumiharu Kimura and Shigeki Arawaka

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:214

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Routine test of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), such as glucose concentrations, chloride ion, protein and leukocyte, as well as color, turbidity and clot, were important indicators for intracranial infection. Howev...

    Authors: Tiantian Zhai, Zhong lian Fu, Yan bing Qiu, Qiang Chen, Dong Luo and Kaisen Chen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:213

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Concussion is the most common type of TBI, yet reliable objective measures related to these injuries and associated recovery processes remain elusive, especially in military personnel. The purpose of this stud...

    Authors: Katie A. Edwards, Jessica M. Gill, Cassandra L. Pattinson, Chen Lai, Misha Brière, Nicholas J. Rogers, Denise Milhorn, Jonathan Elliot and Walter Carr

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:209

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Cerebellar degeneration as a consequence of a malignancy is a rare condition most commonly related to the presence of anti-Yo, anti-Hu, and anti-Tr/DNER antibodies. In recent years, several reports have indica...

    Authors: Philipp A. Loehrer, Lars Timmermann, Anika Pehl, Corinna I. Bien, Andreas Pfestroff and David J. Pedrosa

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:208

    Content type: Case report

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  12. We investigated the clinical course of patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDoC), predictors of emergence from PDoC (EDoC), and the temporal dynamics of six neurobehavior domains based on the J...

    Authors: Hoo Young Lee, Jung Hyun Park, Ae Ryoung Kim, Misun Park and Tae-Woo Kim

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:198

    Content type: Research article

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  13. To explore the underlying mechanisms leading to the occurrence of hyponatremia and enhanced urinary sodium excretion in brain trauma patients using sodium balance and urinary biochemical analysis.

    Authors: Alexandre Lannou, Cedric Carrie, Sebastien Rubin, Gregoire Cane, Vincent Cottenceau, Laurent Petit and Matthieu Biais

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:190

    Content type: Research article

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  14. To explore the feasibility of the metrics of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) for investigations of the microstructural changes of spinal cord injury in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) and...

    Authors: Zhuohang Liu, Bingyang Bian, Gang Wang, Cheukying Tian, Zhenshan Lv, Zhiqing Shao and Dan Li

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:185

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Narcolepsy is a rare chronic sleep disorder that typically begins in youth. Excessive daytime sleepiness is the main disabling symptom, but the disease is often associated with severe endocrine-metabolic and p...

    Authors: Francesca Ingravallo, Luca Vignatelli, Uberto Pagotto, Stefano Vandi, Monica Moresco, Anastasia Mangiaruga, Claudia Oriolo, Corrado Zenesini, Fabio Pizza and Giuseppe Plazzi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:176

    Content type: Study protocol

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  17. Lithium is primarily used to treat bipolar disorder and is known to cause several acute neurological complications. Reversible splenial lesions (RSLs) may be evident in antiepileptic drug toxicity or withdrawa...

    Authors: Han Uk Ryu, Ji Yeon Chung, Byoung-Soo Shin and Hyun Goo Kang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:164

    Content type: Case report

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  18. Intracranial hypotension is a disorder characterized by low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure typically caused by loss of CSF. Although some mechanisms account for the CSF leakage have been elucidated, spinal...

    Authors: Chihiro Akiba, Hideki Bandai, Yoshitaka Ito, Tsuyoshi Maeda, Keisuke Yamaguchi, Madoka Nakajima and Masakazu Miyajima

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:151

    Content type: Case report

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  19. Hydrocephalus is a common, life threatening complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related central nervous system opportunistic infection which can be treated by insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal...

    Authors: James J. M. Loan, Michael T. C. Poon, Steven Tominey, Ncedile Mankahla, Graeme Meintjes and A. Graham Fieggen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:141

    Content type: Research article

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  20. We imaged the corticospinal tract (CST) and corticoreticular pathway (CRP) using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) to evaluate the cause of muscle weakness in a patient who was exposed to high-voltage electr...

    Authors: Mathieu Boudier-Revéret, Ming-Yen Hsiao, Shaw-Gang Shyu and Min Cheol Chang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:130

    Content type: Case report

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  21. Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) is known to cause severe psychiatric symptoms but is also a very rare clinical disease in which the specific aetiology is unknown. According to current reports, the...

    Authors: Song Hu, Xinyue Hou, Shuhao Liu, Chunxiao Fei, Lingyan Zhou, Ang Xing, Junqing Zhang, Chunming Yong and Xiaomeng Wang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:122

    Content type: Case report

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  22. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the latest evidence on the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA) on traumatic brain injury (TBI).

    Authors: Julius July and Raymond Pranata

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:119

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Acute hyperammonemia without signs of common causes in the elderly might be challenging to identify. We report the oldest case known to date of a female patient with late onset ornithine carbamyltransferase de...

    Authors: Justus Marquetand, Peter Freisinger, Tobias Lindig, Sebastian Euler, Michael Gasser and Dietrich Overkamp

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:118

    Content type: Case report

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  25. Road traffic accidents are known to be the main cause of traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI is also a leading cause of death and disability. This study, by means of the idiographic approach (single-case experim...

    Authors: Samir Al-Adawi, Aziz Al-Naamani, Sanjay Jaju, Yahya M. Al-Farsi, Atsu S. S. Dorvlo, Ali Al-Maashani, Sara S. H. Al-Adawi, Ahmed A. Moustafa, Nasser Al-Sibani, Musthafa M. Essa, David T. Burke and M. Walid Qoronfleh

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:103

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS) affect up to 30% of individuals following mild traumatic brain injury. PPCS frequently includes exercise intolerance. Sub-symptom threshold aerobic exercise has been ...

    Authors: Leah J. Mercier, Tak S. Fung, Ashley D. Harris, Sean P. Dukelow and Chantel T. Debert

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:46

    Content type: Study protocol

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  29. While the burden of neurologic illness in developing countries is increasing, less is known about mortality among patients admitted to sub-Saharan African hospitals with neurologic disease. We sought to charac...

    Authors: Monica M. Diaz, Xin Hu, Brenda T. Fenton, Ivan Kimuli, Allison Lee, Hayley Lindsey, Jeffrey K. Bigelow, Samuel Maiser, Hamada H. Altalib and Jason J. Sico

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:42

    Content type: Research article

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  30. While both hypercapnia and hypocapnia are harmful in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), it is unknown whether high-normal PaCO2 values are better than low-normal values. We hypothesized that high-normal...

    Authors: Tilman Reiff, Oliver Barthel, Silvia Schönenberger and Sibu Mundiyanapurath

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:31

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Transverse myelitis (TM) is due to inflammatory spinal cord injury with bilateral neurologic involvement, which is sensory, motor, or autonomic in nature. It may be associated with autoimmune disease, vaccinat...

    Authors: Fangfang Qu, Zhenzhen Qu, Yingqian Lv, Bo Song and Bailin Wu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:13

    Content type: Case report

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  32. Hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is a rare disorder that involves localized or diffuse thickening of the dura mater. HP is associated with various inflammatory, infectious, and malignant diseases, such as rhe...

    Authors: Eiichiro Amano, Keisuke Uchida, Tasuku Ishihara, Shinichi Otsu, Akira Machida and Yoshinobu Eishi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:11

    Content type: Case report

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  33. The traditional approaches for diagnosing catheter-related bloodstream infection(CRBSI) is time consuming, which could not meet the clinical requirement. Our aim was to investigate the value of serum procalcit...

    Authors: Yicheng Xu, Ruiwei Chen, Wei Qin, Peifu Wang, Peiyao Li, Wenli Hu and Jichen Du

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:6

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Large hemispheric infarction (LHI) is a severe form of stroke with high mortality and disability rates. The purpose of this study was to explore predictive indicators of the in-hospital mortality of LHI patien...

    Authors: Wenzhe Sun, Guo Li, Ziqiang Liu, Jinfeng Miao, Zhaoxia Yang, Qiao Zhou, Run Liu, Suiqiang Zhu and Zhou Zhu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:347

    Content type: Research article

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  35. The incidence of autoimmune encephalitis has risen globally. There are two general categories of disease-associated antibodies that can be tested for: neuronal surface and intracellular. However, testing both ...

    Authors: Abhinbhen W. Saraya, Kanthita Worachotsueptrakun, Kritchai Vutipongsatorn, Chanikarn Sonpee and Thiravat Hemachudha

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:273

    Content type: Research article

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  37. Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a severe and most common autoimmune encephalitis in patients under 40 years old. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis has various clinical and neuroimaging finding...

    Authors: Yun Jiang, Jianpeng Ma, Tao Gong, Hongjun Hao and Haibo Chen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:230

    Content type: Case report

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  39. Neurological disorders are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Available evidence on urban–rural differences on neurological diseases is scare in such countries. Our study...

    Authors: Safia Awan, Alam Ibrahim Siddiqi, Ahmed Asif, Naveeduddin Ahmed, Hazim Brohi, Sajad Jalbani and Mohammad Wasay

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:192

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Higher circulating levels of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 early after ischemic stroke have been associated with lower survival. The objectives of this study were to determine serum TI...

    Authors: Leonardo Lorente, María M. Martín, Luis Ramos, Mónica Argueso, Juan J. Cáceres, Jordi Solé-Violán, Alejandro Jiménez, Juan M. Borreguero-León, Agustín F. González-Rivero, Josune Orbe, José A. Rodríguez and José A. Páramo

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:167

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity (PSH) is a frequently observed condition among critically ill patients on intensive care units. According to different studies, PSH is associated with worse recovery and in...

    Authors: Alan Totikov, Melanie Boltzmann, Simone B. Schmidt and Jens D. Rollnik

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:162

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Body weight supported treadmill training (BWSTT) is a frequently used approach for restoring the ability to walk after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the duration of BWSTT is usually limited by fatigue of ...

    Authors: Eddy Yu Yeung Cheung, Kevin Ka Ki Yu, Rachel Lai Chu Kwan, Carmen Ka Man Ng, Rosanna Mei Wa Chau and Gladys Lai Ying Cheing

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:140

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Following spinal cord injury (SCI), family members are often called upon to undertake the caregiving role. This change in the nature of the relationship between the individuals with SCI and their families can ...

    Authors: Gaya Jeyathevan, Jill I. Cameron, B. Catharine Craven, Sarah E. P. Munce and Susan B. Jaglal

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:117

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Patients with severe brain injury is usual at high risk of extubation failure, despite of those with no/minor primary respiratory problem, majority of them still needs long term respiratory support and has sev...

    Authors: Meiling Dong, Yongfang Zhou, Jing Yang, Jie Yang, Xuelian Liao and Yan Kang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:79

    Content type: Research article

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  47. To evaluate the utility of the revised coma remission scale (CRS-r), together with other clinical variables, in predicting emergence from disorders of consciousness (DoC) during intensive rehabilitation care.

    Authors: Lucia Francesca Lucca, Danilo Lofaro, Loris Pignolo, Elio Leto, Maria Ursino, Maria Daniela Cortese, Domenico Conforti, Paolo Tonin and Antonio Cerasa

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:68

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the most common cause of injury-related death and disability globally, and a common sequelae is cognitive impairment. Addressing post-TBI cognitive deficits is crucial because t...

    Authors: Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci, Leonardo Pestillo de Oliveira, Temitope Gafaar, Michael M. Haglund, Mark Mvungi, Blandina Theophil Mmbaga and Catherine A. Staton

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:57

    Content type: Research article

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  49. Parenchymal neurocysticercosis is a frequent cause of seizures in areas endemic for Taenia solium. At present there is scarce data on the evolution of the levels of circulating metacestodal antigen before, during...

    Authors: Richar Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Arturo Carpio, Erwin Van den Enden and Washington Benítez-Ortiz

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:52

    Content type: Case report

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