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Neurocritical care

Section edited by Andreas Meisel

This section covers life-threatening diseases of the central or peripheral nervous systems. Topics include, but are not limited to, coma, status epilepticus, intracranial hemorrhages, neurotrauma, delirium, metabolic encephalopathies, severe stroke, anoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, central nervous system infections and inflammations, Guillain-Barre syndrome, myasthenia gravis crises, intoxications and withdrawal states.

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  1. Content type: Research article

    Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the most common cause of injury-related death and disability globally, and a common sequelae is cognitive impairment. Addressing post-TBI cognitive deficits is crucial because t...

    Authors: Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci, Leonardo Pestillo de Oliveira, Temitope Gafaar, Michael M. Haglund, Mark Mvungi, Blandina Theophil Mmbaga and Catherine A. Staton

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:57

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  2. Content type: Case report

    Parenchymal neurocysticercosis is a frequent cause of seizures in areas endemic for Taenia solium. At present there is scarce data on the evolution of the levels of circulating metacestodal antigen before, during...

    Authors: Richar Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Arturo Carpio, Erwin Van den Enden and Washington Benítez-Ortiz

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:52

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  4. Content type: Case report

    Contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) is a well-known complication of iodinated contrast agents during angiography and vascular interventions. It can manifest as hemiparesis, cortical blindness, speech changes...

    Authors: Wei Zhao, Jinping Zhang, Yun Song, Lili Sun, Meimei Zheng, Hao Yin, Jun Zhang, Wei Wang and Ju Han

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:46

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  5. Content type: Case report

    Periodic alternating ping-pong gaze (PPG) is a rare disease with few reports. To our knowledge, there was no report on anti GQ1b antibody syndrome accompanied by PPG. This paper reported a case of anti GQ1b an...

    Authors: Jingzhe Han, Yanan Xie, Haiyan Yan, Yuecheng Cao, HongmeiWang and Duanhua Cao

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:28

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  6. Content type: Research article

    Traumatic brain injuries in Uganda are on the increase, however little is known about the neuropsychological outcomes in survivors. This study characterized patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the a...

    Authors: Paul Bangirana, Bruno Giordani, Olive Kobusingye, Letisia Murungyi, Charles Mock, Chandy C. John and Richard Idro

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:18

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  7. Content type: Research article

    A few reliable national data concerning the etiology of non-traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) in sub-Sahara Africa exists, mainly because of the limitations of diagnostic imaging. These are both expensive and...

    Authors: Abdu K. Musubire, David B. Meya, Elly T. Katabira, Ana Claire L. Meyer, Paul R. Bohjanen, David R. Boulware and Frank Minja

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2019 19:10

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  8. Content type: Case report

    Intracranial hemorrhage is a rare but potentially severe complication of spinal surgery. Most reported post-operative ICH cases consist of cerebellar hemorrhage. There are fewer reported cases of supratentoria...

    Authors: Brent Berry, Malik Ghannam, Caitlin Bell, Sami Ghazaleh, Sherief Boss, Christopher Streib and Mustapha Ezzeddine

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:204

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  9. Content type: Research article

    In cases showing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) redistribution as a compensatory mechanism in acute intracranial hypertension, the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) can be used to estimate intracranial pressure (I...

    Authors: Yuzhi Gao, Qiang Li, Chunshuang Wu, Shaoyun Liu and Mao Zhang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:199

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  10. Content type: Case report

    Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is described as a clinical-radiological disease entity with good prognosis. In brain MRI, PRES generally presents with vasogenic edema. Although PRES is indu...

    Authors: Yoshitsugu Nakamura, Masakazu Sugino, Akihiro Tsukahara, Hiroko Nakazawa, Naomune Yamamoto and Shigeki Arawaka

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:190

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  11. Content type: Research article

    Respiratory mechanics affects the effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on intracranial pressure (ICP). Respiratory mechanics of the lung and the chest wall was not differentiated in previous studi...

    Authors: Han Chen, Jing Zhou, Yi-Qin Lin, Jian-Xin Zhou and Rong-Guo Yu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:183

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  12. Content type: Case report

    Herpes simplex encephalitis is the most common type of sporadic encephalitis worldwide. Frank intracerebral hemorrhage complicating the disease course in herpes simplex encephalitis patients is rare, especiall...

    Authors: Yoon Hwan Byun, Eun Jin Ha, Sang-Bae Ko and Kyung Hyun Kim

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:176

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  13. Content type: Research article

    Currently, it is challenging to detect the awareness of patients who suffer disorders of consciousness (DOC). Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), which do not depend on the behavioral response of patients, may s...

    Authors: Qiuyou Xie, Jiahui Pan, Yan Chen, Yanbin He, Xiaoxiao Ni, Jiechun Zhang, Fei Wang, Yuanqing Li and Ronghao Yu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:144

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  14. Content type: Case report

    Catheter-related blood stream infection (CRBSI) is one of the most common intractable healthcare-associated infections because catheters can be easily contaminated by resistant bacteria, and is associated with...

    Authors: Nobuhiko Arai, Yutaka Mine, Hiroshi Kagami and Makoto Inaba

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:158

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  15. Content type: Research article

    Critical care covers multiple disciplines. However, the causes of critical illness in the ICU, particularly the most common causes, remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the incidence and the most common cau...

    Authors: Ye-Ting Zhou, Dao-Ming Tong, Shao-Dan Wang, Song Ye, Ben-Wen Xu and Chen-Xi Yang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:127

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  16. Content type: Research article

    Respiratory system elastance (ERS) is an important determinant of the responsiveness of intracranial pressure (ICP) to positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). However, lung elastance (EL) and chest wall elastanc...

    Authors: Han Chen, Kai Chen, Jing-Qing Xu, Ying-Rui Zhang, Rong-Guo Yu and Jian-Xin Zhou

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:124

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  17. Content type: Case report

    Immunoglobulin associated meningitis is a rare disease that mimics infectious meningitis. This is, to our knowledge, the first case of Immunoglobulin-associated meningitis described in a patient with Systemic ...

    Authors: Luísa Graça, Joana Alves, João Nuak and António Sarmento

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:97

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  18. Content type: Research article

    Brain autoimmunity has been reported in patients with preceding infection of the central nervous system by herpesviridae. It has been hypothesized that neuronal damage releasing antigens might trigger secondary i...

    Authors: Harald Hegen, Raimund Helbok, Mario Kofler, Bettina Pfausler, Alois Schiefecker, Erich Schmutzhard and Ronny Beer

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:89

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  20. Content type: Research article

    HIV is a neurotropic virus, and it can bring about neurodegeneration and may even result in cognitive impairments. The precise mechanism of HIV-associated white matter (WM) injury is unknown. The effects of mu...

    Authors: Rui-li Li, Jun Sun, Zhen-chao Tang, Jing-ji Zhang and Hong-jun Li

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:66

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  21. Content type: Case report

    Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA, formerly Wegener’s granulomatosis) is a multisystem vasculitis of small- to medium-sized blood vessels. Cranial involvement can result in cranial nerve palsies and, rarel...

    Authors: James E. Peters, Vivek Gupta, Ibtisam T. Saeed, Curtis Offiah and Ali S. M. Jawad

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:59

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  22. Content type: Research article

    Persistent and uncontrollable intracranial hypertension (ICH) and difficulty in reducing Cryptococcus count are severe problems in cryptococcal meningitis (CM) patients. The therapeutic effects of ventriculope...

    Authors: Jia Liu, Zhuo-lin Chen, Min Li, Chuan Chen, Huan Yi, Li Xu, Feng Tan and Fu-hua Peng

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:58

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  24. Content type: Research article

    Behavioral assessment has been acted as the gold standard for the diagnosis of disorders of consciousness (DOC) patients. The item “Functional Object Use” in the motor function sub-scale in the Coma Recovery S...

    Authors: Yuxiao Sun, Jianan Wang, Lizette Heine, Wangshan Huang, Jing Wang, Nantu Hu, Xiaohua Hu, Xiaohui Fang, Supeng Huang, Steven Laureys and Haibo Di

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:38

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  25. Content type: Research article

    Nosocomial infection (NI) control is an important issue in neurocritical care due to secondary brain damage and the increased morbidity and mortality of primary acute neurocritical care patients. The primary a...

    Authors: Vera Spatenkova, Ondrej Bradac, Daniela Fackova, Zdenka Bohunova and Petr Suchomel

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:23

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  26. Content type: Research article

    The objective of this study was to evaluate and identify the risk factors for developing a new or enlarged intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) after the placement of an external ventricular drain.

    Authors: A. Shaun Rowe, Derrick R. Rinehart, Stephanie Lezatte and J. Russell Langdon

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:22

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  27. Content type: Case report

    Nitrous oxide (N2O), a long-standing anesthetic, is also neurotoxic by interfering with the bioavailability of vitamin B12 if abused. A few case studies have reported the neurological and psychiatric complicat...

    Authors: Jun Liang Yuan, Shuang Kun Wang, Tao Jiang and Wen Li Hu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:222

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  28. Content type: Research article

    The effectiveness of pharmacological strategies exclusively targeting secondary brain damage (SBD) following ischemic stroke, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, aSAH, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), traumatic...

    Authors: Thomas Beez, Hans-Jakob Steiger and Nima Etminan

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:209

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  29. Content type: Research article

    Moderate hypothermia after decompressive surgery might not be beneficial for stroke patients. However, normothermia may prove to be an effective method of enhancing neurological outcomes. The study aims were t...

    Authors: Jan Rahmig, Matthias Kuhn, Hermann Neugebauer, Eric Jüttler, Heinz Reichmann and Hauke Schneider

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:205

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  30. Content type: Technical advance

    Rapidly determining the causes of a depressed level of consciousness (DLOC) including coma is a common clinical challenge. Quantitative analysis of the electroencephalogram (EEG) has the potential to improve D...

    Authors: MohammadMehdi Kafashan, Shoko Ryu, Mitchell J. Hargis, Osvaldo Laurido-Soto, Debra E. Roberts, Akshay Thontakudi, Lawrence Eisenman, Terrance T. Kummer and ShiNung Ching

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:197

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  31. Content type: Research article

    A unified clinical approach to diagnose autoimmune encephalitis was published in Lancet Neurology in 2016. Purpose of our study is to examine the feasibility and reasonability of the 2016 “A clinical approach to ...

    Authors: Lin Li, Lin Sun, Rong Du, Yuanchu Zheng, Feifei Dai, Qiuying Ma and Jiawei Wang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:195

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  32. Content type: Research article

    Ultrasonograpic retrobulbar optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement is considered to be an alternative noninvasive method to estimate intracranial pressure,but the further validation is urgently needed....

    Authors: Dachuan Liu, Zhen Li, Xuxiang Zhang, Liping Zhao, Jianping Jia, Fei Sun, Yaxing Wang, Daqing Ma and Wenbin Wei

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:188

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  33. Content type: Case report

    Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CM) causes cerebral infarction, typically, lacunar infarction in the basal ganglia. However, massive cerebral infarction leading to death is rare and its pathophysiology is un...

    Authors: Yoshiteru Shimoda, Satoru Ohtomo, Hiroaki Arai, Takashi Ohtoh and Teiji Tominaga

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:157

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  34. Content type: Case report

    Uremic Encephalopathy (UE) is a neurological complication associated with acute or chronic renal failure. Imaging findings of UE may present involvement of the basal ganglia, cortical or subcortical regions, a...

    Authors: Li-jing Jia, Zhen-zhen Qu, Xue-qian Zhang, Yu-juan Tian and Ying Wang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:154

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  35. Content type: Case report

    Lumbar puncture is often used for the diagnosis and treatment of subarchnoid hemorrhage, infection of Cerebro-spinal Fluid (CSF), hydrocephalus in neurosurgery department patients. It is general that paradoxic...

    Authors: Liang Shen, Sheng Qiu, Zhongzhou Su, Xudong Ma and Renfu Yan

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:147

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  36. Content type: Research article

    Circulating levels of melatonin in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been determined in a little number of studies with small sample size (highest sample size of 37 patients) and only were report...

    Authors: Leonardo Lorente, María M. Martín, Pedro Abreu-González, Antonia Pérez-Cejas, Luis Ramos, Mónica Argueso, Jordi Solé-Violán, Juan J. Cáceres, Alejandro Jiménez and Victor García-Marín

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:138

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  37. Content type: Research article

    HIV-infected persons with detectable cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) in blood have increased morbidity and mortality compared with HIV-infected persons who are CrAg-negative. This study examined neurocognitive fun...

    Authors: Martha P. Montgomery, Noeline Nakasujja, Bozena M. Morawski, Radha Rajasingham, Joshua Rhein, Elizabeth Nalintya, Darlisha A. Williams, Kathy Huppler Hullsiek, Agnes Kiragga, Melissa A. Rolfes, Renee Donahue Carlson, Nathan C. Bahr, Kate E. Birkenkamp, Yukari C. Manabe, Paul R. Bohjanen, Jonathan E. Kaplan…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:110

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  38. Content type: Research article

    Patients with traumatic brain injury often have balance and attentive disorders. Video game therapy (VGT) has been proposed as a new intervention to improve mobility and attention through a reward-learning app...

    Authors: Sofia Straudi, Giacomo Severini, Amira Sabbagh Charabati, Claudia Pavarelli, Giulia Gamberini, Anna Scotti and Nino Basaglia

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:86

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  39. Content type: Case report

    Dengue encephalitis is a rare neurological manifestation of dengue fever. Its clinical presentation is similar to other viral encephalitides and encephalopathy. No single specific finding on magnetic resonance...

    Authors: Ravindra Kumar Garg, Imran Rizvi, Rajan Ingole, Amita Jain, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Neeraj Kumar and Dhruv Batra

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:79

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  41. Content type: Technical advance

    Attempts at measuring quality of rehabilitation care are hampered by a gap in knowledge translation of evidence-based approaches and lack of consensus on best practices. However, adoption of evidence-based bes...

    Authors: Librada Callender, Rachel Brown, Simon Driver, Marie Dahdah, Ashley Collinsworth and Shahid Shafi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:54

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  42. Content type: Research article

    Colonization or infection with multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria is considered detrimental to the outcome of neurological and neurosurgical early rehabilitation patients.

    Authors: J. D. Rollnik, M. Bertram, C. Bucka, M. Hartwich, M. Jöbges, G. Ketter, B. Leineweber, M. Mertl-Rötzer, D. A. Nowak, T. Platz, K. Scheidtmann, R. Thomas, F. von Rosen, C. W. Wallesch, H. Woldag, P. Peschel…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:53

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  43. Content type: Research article

    In recent years, multilevel spinal cord injuries (SCIs) have gained a substantial amount of attention from clinicians and researchers. Multilevel noncontinuous SCI patients cannot undergo the multiple steps of...

    Authors: Chaohua Yang, Baoqing Yu, Fenfen Ma, Huiping Lu, Jianmin Huang, Qinghua You, Bin Yu, Jianlan Qiao and Jianjun Feng

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:44

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  44. Content type: Case report

    Clinical reasoning in Neurology is based on general associations which help to deduce the site of the lesion. However, even “golden principles” may occasionally be deceptive. Here, we describe the case of suba...

    Authors: Daniel Zeller, Anke Heidemeier, Götz Ulrich Grigoleit and Wolfgang Müllges

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:31

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  45. Content type: Research article

    Evidence of reliable smooth visual pursuit is crucial for both diagnosis and prognosis in prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDOC). However, a mirror is more likely than an object to elicit evidence of smoo...

    Authors: Damian Cruse, Marco Fattizzo, Adrian M. Owen and Davinia Fernández-Espejo

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:14

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  46. Content type: Case report

    Clostridium septicum is a rare cause of meningitis and brain abscess in children and adults. Gas production by the pathogen can lead to pneumocephalus and the overall mortality rate of Clostridium septicum CNS in...

    Authors: Kosmas Macha, Antje Giede-Jeppe, Hannes Lücking, Roland Coras, Hagen B. Huttner and Jürgen Held

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:239

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  48. Content type: Research article

    The “Status Epilepticus Severity Score” (STESS) is the most important clinical score to predict in-hospital mortality of patients with status epilepticus (SE), but its prognostic relevance for long-term surviv...

    Authors: Preben Aukland, Martin Lando, Ole Vilholm, Elsebeth Bruun Christiansen and Christoph Patrick Beier

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:213

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  49. Content type: Research article

    The Qatari law, as in many other countries, uses brain death as the main criteria for organ donation and cessation of medical support. By contrast, most of the public in Qatar do not agree with the limitation ...

    Authors: Saibu George, Merlin Thomas, Wanis H. Ibrahim, Ahmed Abdussalam, Prem Chandra, Husain Shabbir Ali and Tasleem Raza

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:207

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  50. Content type: Research article

    Clobazam (CLB) is a well characterized antiepileptic drug (AED) that differs from other benzodiazepines by its basic chemical structure and pharmacodynamic properties. Only one previous study examined the effi...

    Authors: Dominik Madžar, Anna Geyer, Ruben U. Knappe, Stephanie Gollwitzer, Joji B. Kuramatsu, Stefan T. Gerner, Hajo M. Hamer and Hagen B. Huttner

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:202

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