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Neurocritical care

This section covers life-threatening diseases of the central or peripheral nervous systems. Topics include, but are not limited to, coma, status epilepticus, intracranial hemorrhages, neurotrauma, delirium, metabolic encephalopathies, severe stroke, anoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, central nervous system infections and inflammations, Guillain-Barre syndrome, myasthenia gravis crises, intoxications and withdrawal states.

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  2. Behavioral assessment has been acted as the gold standard for the diagnosis of disorders of consciousness (DOC) patients. The item “Functional Object Use” in the motor function sub-scale in the Coma Recovery S...

    Authors: Yuxiao Sun, Jianan Wang, Lizette Heine, Wangshan Huang, Jing Wang, Nantu Hu, Xiaohua Hu, Xiaohui Fang, Supeng Huang, Steven Laureys and Haibo Di

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:38

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Nosocomial infection (NI) control is an important issue in neurocritical care due to secondary brain damage and the increased morbidity and mortality of primary acute neurocritical care patients. The primary a...

    Authors: Vera Spatenkova, Ondrej Bradac, Daniela Fackova, Zdenka Bohunova and Petr Suchomel

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:23

    Content type: Research article

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  4. The objective of this study was to evaluate and identify the risk factors for developing a new or enlarged intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) after the placement of an external ventricular drain.

    Authors: A. Shaun Rowe, Derrick R. Rinehart, Stephanie Lezatte and J. Russell Langdon

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2018 18:22

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Nitrous oxide (N2O), a long-standing anesthetic, is also neurotoxic by interfering with the bioavailability of vitamin B12 if abused. A few case studies have reported the neurological and psychiatric complicat...

    Authors: Jun Liang Yuan, Shuang Kun Wang, Tao Jiang and Wen Li Hu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:222

    Content type: Case report

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  6. The effectiveness of pharmacological strategies exclusively targeting secondary brain damage (SBD) following ischemic stroke, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, aSAH, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), traumatic...

    Authors: Thomas Beez, Hans-Jakob Steiger and Nima Etminan

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:209

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Moderate hypothermia after decompressive surgery might not be beneficial for stroke patients. However, normothermia may prove to be an effective method of enhancing neurological outcomes. The study aims were t...

    Authors: Jan Rahmig, Matthias Kuhn, Hermann Neugebauer, Eric Jüttler, Heinz Reichmann and Hauke Schneider

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:205

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Rapidly determining the causes of a depressed level of consciousness (DLOC) including coma is a common clinical challenge. Quantitative analysis of the electroencephalogram (EEG) has the potential to improve D...

    Authors: MohammadMehdi Kafashan, Shoko Ryu, Mitchell J. Hargis, Osvaldo Laurido-Soto, Debra E. Roberts, Akshay Thontakudi, Lawrence Eisenman, Terrance T. Kummer and ShiNung Ching

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:197

    Content type: Technical advance

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  9. A unified clinical approach to diagnose autoimmune encephalitis was published in Lancet Neurology in 2016. Purpose of our study is to examine the feasibility and reasonability of the 2016 “A clinical approach to ...

    Authors: Lin Li, Lin Sun, Rong Du, Yuanchu Zheng, Feifei Dai, Qiuying Ma and Jiawei Wang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:195

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Ultrasonograpic retrobulbar optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement is considered to be an alternative noninvasive method to estimate intracranial pressure,but the further validation is urgently needed....

    Authors: Dachuan Liu, Zhen Li, Xuxiang Zhang, Liping Zhao, Jianping Jia, Fei Sun, Yaxing Wang, Daqing Ma and Wenbin Wei

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:188

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CM) causes cerebral infarction, typically, lacunar infarction in the basal ganglia. However, massive cerebral infarction leading to death is rare and its pathophysiology is un...

    Authors: Yoshiteru Shimoda, Satoru Ohtomo, Hiroaki Arai, Takashi Ohtoh and Teiji Tominaga

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:157

    Content type: Case report

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  12. Uremic Encephalopathy (UE) is a neurological complication associated with acute or chronic renal failure. Imaging findings of UE may present involvement of the basal ganglia, cortical or subcortical regions, a...

    Authors: Li-jing Jia, Zhen-zhen Qu, Xue-qian Zhang, Yu-juan Tian and Ying Wang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:154

    Content type: Case report

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  13. Lumbar puncture is often used for the diagnosis and treatment of subarchnoid hemorrhage, infection of Cerebro-spinal Fluid (CSF), hydrocephalus in neurosurgery department patients. It is general that paradoxic...

    Authors: Liang Shen, Sheng Qiu, Zhongzhou Su, Xudong Ma and Renfu Yan

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:147

    Content type: Case report

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  14. Circulating levels of melatonin in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been determined in a little number of studies with small sample size (highest sample size of 37 patients) and only were report...

    Authors: Leonardo Lorente, María M. Martín, Pedro Abreu-González, Antonia Pérez-Cejas, Luis Ramos, Mónica Argueso, Jordi Solé-Violán, Juan J. Cáceres, Alejandro Jiménez and Victor García-Marín

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:138

    Content type: Research article

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  15. HIV-infected persons with detectable cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) in blood have increased morbidity and mortality compared with HIV-infected persons who are CrAg-negative. This study examined neurocognitive fun...

    Authors: Martha P. Montgomery, Noeline Nakasujja, Bozena M. Morawski, Radha Rajasingham, Joshua Rhein, Elizabeth Nalintya, Darlisha A. Williams, Kathy Huppler Hullsiek, Agnes Kiragga, Melissa A. Rolfes, Renee Donahue Carlson, Nathan C. Bahr, Kate E. Birkenkamp, Yukari C. Manabe, Paul R. Bohjanen, Jonathan E. Kaplan…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:110

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Patients with traumatic brain injury often have balance and attentive disorders. Video game therapy (VGT) has been proposed as a new intervention to improve mobility and attention through a reward-learning app...

    Authors: Sofia Straudi, Giacomo Severini, Amira Sabbagh Charabati, Claudia Pavarelli, Giulia Gamberini, Anna Scotti and Nino Basaglia

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:86

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Dengue encephalitis is a rare neurological manifestation of dengue fever. Its clinical presentation is similar to other viral encephalitides and encephalopathy. No single specific finding on magnetic resonance...

    Authors: Ravindra Kumar Garg, Imran Rizvi, Rajan Ingole, Amita Jain, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Neeraj Kumar and Dhruv Batra

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:79

    Content type: Case report

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  19. Attempts at measuring quality of rehabilitation care are hampered by a gap in knowledge translation of evidence-based approaches and lack of consensus on best practices. However, adoption of evidence-based bes...

    Authors: Librada Callender, Rachel Brown, Simon Driver, Marie Dahdah, Ashley Collinsworth and Shahid Shafi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:54

    Content type: Technical advance

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  20. Colonization or infection with multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria is considered detrimental to the outcome of neurological and neurosurgical early rehabilitation patients.

    Authors: J. D. Rollnik, M. Bertram, C. Bucka, M. Hartwich, M. Jöbges, G. Ketter, B. Leineweber, M. Mertl-Rötzer, D. A. Nowak, T. Platz, K. Scheidtmann, R. Thomas, F. von Rosen, C. W. Wallesch, H. Woldag, P. Peschel…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:53

    Content type: Research article

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  21. In recent years, multilevel spinal cord injuries (SCIs) have gained a substantial amount of attention from clinicians and researchers. Multilevel noncontinuous SCI patients cannot undergo the multiple steps of...

    Authors: Chaohua Yang, Baoqing Yu, Fenfen Ma, Huiping Lu, Jianmin Huang, Qinghua You, Bin Yu, Jianlan Qiao and Jianjun Feng

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:44

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Clinical reasoning in Neurology is based on general associations which help to deduce the site of the lesion. However, even “golden principles” may occasionally be deceptive. Here, we describe the case of suba...

    Authors: Daniel Zeller, Anke Heidemeier, Götz Ulrich Grigoleit and Wolfgang Müllges

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:31

    Content type: Case report

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  23. Evidence of reliable smooth visual pursuit is crucial for both diagnosis and prognosis in prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDOC). However, a mirror is more likely than an object to elicit evidence of smoo...

    Authors: Damian Cruse, Marco Fattizzo, Adrian M. Owen and Davinia Fernández-Espejo

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2017 17:14

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Clostridium septicum is a rare cause of meningitis and brain abscess in children and adults. Gas production by the pathogen can lead to pneumocephalus and the overall mortality rate of Clostridium septicum CNS in...

    Authors: Kosmas Macha, Antje Giede-Jeppe, Hannes Lücking, Roland Coras, Hagen B. Huttner and Jürgen Held

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:239

    Content type: Case report

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  26. The “Status Epilepticus Severity Score” (STESS) is the most important clinical score to predict in-hospital mortality of patients with status epilepticus (SE), but its prognostic relevance for long-term surviv...

    Authors: Preben Aukland, Martin Lando, Ole Vilholm, Elsebeth Bruun Christiansen and Christoph Patrick Beier

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:213

    Content type: Research article

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  27. The Qatari law, as in many other countries, uses brain death as the main criteria for organ donation and cessation of medical support. By contrast, most of the public in Qatar do not agree with the limitation ...

    Authors: Saibu George, Merlin Thomas, Wanis H. Ibrahim, Ahmed Abdussalam, Prem Chandra, Husain Shabbir Ali and Tasleem Raza

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:207

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Assessing primary rehabilitation needs in patients with acquired brain injury is a challenge due to case complexity and the heterogeneity of symptoms after brain injury. The Rehabilitation Complexity Scale-Ext...

    Authors: Thomas Maribo, Asger R. Pedersen, Jim Jensen and Jørgen F. Nielsen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:205

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Clobazam (CLB) is a well characterized antiepileptic drug (AED) that differs from other benzodiazepines by its basic chemical structure and pharmacodynamic properties. Only one previous study examined the effi...

    Authors: Dominik Madžar, Anna Geyer, Ruben U. Knappe, Stephanie Gollwitzer, Joji B. Kuramatsu, Stefan T. Gerner, Hajo M. Hamer and Hagen B. Huttner

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:202

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Sleep-wake disturbances are frequently reported following traumatic brain injury (TBI), but they remain poorly documented in the acute stage of injury. Little is known about their origin and evolution.

    Authors: Catherine Duclos, Marie Dumont, Marie-Julie Potvin, Alex Desautels, Danielle Gilbert, David K Menon, Francis Bernard and Nadia Gosselin

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:186

    Content type: Case report

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  32. Patients who experience severe brain injuries are at risk of secondary brain damage, because of delayed vasospasm and edema. Traditionally, many of these patients are kept on prolonged bed rest in order to mai...

    Authors: A. Rocca, J.-M. Pignat, L. Berney, J. Jöhr, D. Van de Ville, R. T. Daniel, M. Levivier, L. Hirt, A. R. Luft, E. Grouzmann and K. Diserens

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:169

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Bacterial meningitis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality despite advances in medical care. The main objective of this study was to assess the association of adjunctive dexamethasone treatmen...

    Authors: Esayas Kebede Gudina, Markos Tesfaye, Aynishet Adane, Kinfe Lemma, Tamiru Shibiru, Andreas Wieser, Hans-Walter Pfister and Matthias Klein

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:153

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is recognized as one of the most effective treatments for heroin addiction but its effect is dimmed by the high incidence of heroin relapse. However, underlying neurobiolo...

    Authors: Haifeng Chang, Wei Li, Qiang Li, Jiajie Chen, Jia Zhu, Jianjun Ye, Jierong Liu, Zhe Li, Yongbin Li, Ming Shi, Yarong Wang and Wei Wang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:145

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. Brain MRI is unremarkable in at least 50 % of patients and highly variable in the remaining patients w...

    Authors: Harald Hegen, Christian Uprimny, Astrid Grams, Irene Virgolini, Melanie Ramberger, Ronny Beer, Raimund Helbok, Bettina Pfausler and Erich Schmutzhard

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:130

    Content type: Case report

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  36. In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) studies on brain in HIV infected patients have shown significant alteration in neuro-biochemicals.

    Authors: Devender Bairwa, Virendra Kumar, Surabhi Vyas, Bimal Kumar Das, Achal Kumar Srivastava, Ravinder M. Pandey, Surendra K. Sharma, Naranamangalam R. Jagannathan and Sanjeev Sinha

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:99

    Content type: Research article

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  38. The conjunctival microcirculation has potential as a window to cerebral perfusion due to related blood supply, close anatomical proximity and easy accessibility for microcirculatory imaging technique, such as ...

    Authors: Tomas Tamosuitis, Andrius Pranskunas, Neringa Balciuniene, Vidas Pilvinis and E. Christiaan Boerma

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:95

    Content type: Research article

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  39. An understanding of the kinetics of a biomarker is essential to its interpretation. Despite this, little kinetic modelling of blood biomarkers can be found in the literature. S100b is an astrocyte related mark...

    Authors: A. Ercole, E. P. Thelin, A. Holst, B. M. Bellander and D. W. Nelson

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:93

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Patients with a history of mild TBI (post-mTBI-patients) have an unexplained increase in long-term mortality which might be related to central autonomic dysregulation (CAD). We investigated whether standardize...

    Authors: Max J. Hilz, Mao Liu, Julia Koehn, Ruihao Wang, Fabian Ammon, Steven R. Flanagan and Katharina M. Hösl

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:61

    Content type: Research article

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  41. The noble gas xenon is considered as a neuroprotective agent, but availability of the gas is limited. Studies on neuroprotection with the abundant noble gases helium and argon demonstrated mixed results, and d...

    Authors: Patrick Zuercher, Dirk Springe, Denis Grandgirard, Stephen L. Leib, Marius Grossholz, Stephan Jakob, Jukka Takala and Matthias Haenggi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:43

    Content type: Research article

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  42. For cases of severe traumatic brain injury, during primary operation, neurosurgeons usually face a dilemma of whether or not to remove the bone flap after mass lesion evacuation. Decompressive craniectomy, whi...

    Authors: He-xiang Zhao, Yi Liao, Ding Xu, Qiang-ping Wang, Qi Gan, Chao You and Chao-hua Yang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2016 16:1

    Content type: Study protocol

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  44. Up to half of all people with HIV infection have some degree of cognitive impairment. This impairment is typically mild, but nonetheless often disabling. Although early detection of cognitive impairment offers...

    Authors: Marie-Josée Brouillette, Lesley K. Fellows, Lisa Palladini, Lois Finch, Réjean Thomas and Nancy E. Mayo

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2015 15:224

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Different apoptosis pathways activate caspase-3. In a study involving 27 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), higher caspase-3 levels were found in contusion brain tissue resected from non-survivors tha...

    Authors: Leonardo Lorente, María M. Martín, Mónica Argueso, Luis Ramos, Jordi Solé-Violán, Marta Riaño-Ruiz, Alejandro Jiménez and Juan M. Borreguero-León

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2015 15:228

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Natriuresis with polyuria is common after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Previous studies have shown an increased risk of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm or delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) in patien...

    Authors: Robert J. Brown, Brian P. Epling, Ilene Staff, Gilbert Fortunato, James J. Grady and Louise D. McCullough

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2015 15:201

    Content type: Research article

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