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  1. There is an ongoing discussion about age limits for deep brain stimulation (DBS). Current indications for DBS are tremor-dominant disorders, Parkinson's disease, and dystonia. Electrode implantation for DBS wi...

    Authors: Jan Vesper, Susanne Haak, Christoph Ostertag and Guido Nikkhah

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2007 7:7

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS, also called myalgic encephalomyelitis/encephalopathy or ME) is a debilitating condition with no known cause or cure. Improvement may occur with medical care and additional therap...

    Authors: Peter D White, Michael C Sharpe, Trudie Chalder, Julia C DeCesare and Rebecca Walwyn

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2007 7:6

    Content type: Study protocol

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  3. As critical mediators of local and systemic inflammatory responses, cytokines are produced in the brain following ischaemic stroke. Some have been detected in the circulation of stroke patients, but their role...

    Authors: Hedley CA Emsley, Craig J Smith, Carole M Gavin, Rachel F Georgiou, Andy Vail, Elisa M Barberan, Karen Illingworth, Sylvia Scarth, Vijitha Wickramasinghe, Margaret E Hoadley, Nancy J Rothwell, Pippa J Tyrrell and Stephen J Hopkins

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2007 7:5

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Neuroacanthocytosis (NA) denotes a heterogeneous group of diseases that are characterized by nervous system abnormalities in association with acanthocytosis in the patients' blood. The 4.1R protein of the eryt...

    Authors: Antonio Orlacchio, Paolo Calabresi, Adriana Rum, Anna Tarzia, Anna Maria Salvati, Toshitaka Kawarai, Alessandro Stefani, Antonio Pisani, Giorgio Bernardi, Paolo Cianciulli and Patrizia Caprari

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2007 7:4

    Content type: Case report

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  5. Hereditary Inclusion Body Myopathy (HIBM) is an autosomal recessive, adult onset, non-inflammatory neuromuscular disorder with no effective treatment. The causative gene, GNE, codes for UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-...

    Authors: Susan Sparks, Goran Rakocevic, Galen Joe, Irini Manoli, Joseph Shrader, Michael Harris-Love, Barbara Sonies, Carla Ciccone, Heidi Dorward, Donna Krasnewich, Marjan Huizing, Marinos C Dalakas and William A Gahl

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2007 7:3

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are rare tumor entities that originate from peripheral nerve sheaths and have an unfavorable prognosis. Metastatic spread to the cerebral parenchyma is absolutely rare....

    Authors: Johannes Tilgner, Klaus Müller, Nadir Ghanem, Johannes Lutterbach and Jan Vesper

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2007 7:2

    Content type: Case report

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  7. Intracranial haemorrhage accounts for 30–60 % of all stroke admissions into a hospital, with hypertension being the main risk factor. Presence of intraventricular haematoma is considered a poor prognostic fact...

    Authors: Yad Ram Yadav, Gaurav Mukerji, Ravikiran Shenoy, Abhijeet Basoor, Gaurav Jain and Adam Nelson

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2007 7:1

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Evidence for extra-motor involvement in non-demented patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has been provided by multiple studies, in particular neuropathological studies have demonstrated neuronal ...

    Authors: Elmar H Pinkhardt, Ludger Tebartz van Elst, Albert C Ludolph and Jan Kassubek

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:48

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder, characterized clinically by resting tremor, bradykinesia, postural instability and rigidity. The prevalence of PD is approximate...

    Authors: Hon-Chung Fung, Chiung-Mei Chen, John Hardy, Andrew B Singleton and Yih-Ru Wu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:47

    Content type: Research article

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  11. A minority of stroke patients is eligible for thrombolytic therapy. Small pilot case series have hinted that elevation of incident arterial blood pressure might be associated with a favorable prognosis either ...

    Authors: Tanya Bogoslovsky, Olli Häppölä, Oili Salonen and Perttu J Lindsberg

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:46

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Vestibular neuritis (VN) is commonly diagnosed by demonstration of unilateral vestibular failure, as unilateral loss of caloric response. As this test reflects the function of the superior part of the vestibul...

    Authors: Per Monstad, Siri Økstad and Åse Mygland

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:45

    Content type: Case report

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  13. A new locus for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis – frontotemporal dementia (ALS-FTD) has recently been ascribed to chromosome 9p.

    Authors: Parastoo Momeni, Jennifer Schymick, Shushant Jain, Mark R Cookson, Nigel J Cairns, Elisa Greggio, Matthew J Greenway, Stephen Berger, Stuart Pickering-Brown, Adriano Chiò, Hon Chung Fung, David M Holtzman, Edward D Huey, Eric M Wassermann, Jennifer Adamson, Michael L Hutton…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:44

    Content type: Research article

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  14. One of the perceptual abnormalities observed in Parkinson's disease (PD) is a deficit in the suppression of reflexive saccades that are automatically triggered by the onset of a peripheral target. Impairment o...

    Authors: Jan Berend Deijen, Diederick Stoffers, Henk W Berendse, Erik Ch Wolters and Jan Theeuwes

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:43

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Valproic acid (VPA) is often used to control pain in HIV-related neuropathy. However, the effect of VPA on cognitive functions in advanced HIV-infected individuals is largely unknown. A recent study would sugg...

    Authors: Lucette A Cysique, Paul Maruff and Bruce J Brew

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:42

    Content type: Research article

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  16. The etiology and pathophysiology of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) remain inchoate. Attempts to elucidate the pathophysiology must consider sleep physiology, as unrefreshing sleep is the most commonly reported...

    Authors: William C Reeves, Christine Heim, Elizabeth M Maloney, Laura Solomon Youngblood, Elizabeth R Unger, Michael J Decker, James F Jones and David B Rye

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:41

    Content type: Research article

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  18. The study aims to assess the therapeutic benefits of motor imagery training in stroke patients with persistent motor weakness. There is evidence to suggest that mental rehearsal of movement can produce effects...

    Authors: Magdalena Ietswaart, Marie Johnston, H Chris Dijkerman, Clare L Scott, Sara A Joice, Steven Hamilton and Ronald S MacWalter

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:39

    Content type: Study protocol

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  19. Previous studies have demonstrated poor knowledge of stroke among patients with established risk factors. This study aims to assess the baseline knowledge, among patients with increased risk for stroke in Oman...

    Authors: Mohammed A Al Shafaee, Shyam S Ganguly and Abdullah R Al Asmi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:38

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Inflammation and inflammatory biomarkers play an important role in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Little information is available, however, on time course of serum markers of inflammation after st...

    Authors: Mitchell SV Elkind, Kristen Coates, Wanling Tai, Myunghee C Paik, Bernadette Boden-Albala and Ralph L Sacco

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:37

    Content type: Research article

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  21. This study sought to describe stroke prevalence in Spanish elderly populations and compare it against that of other European countries.

    Authors: Raquel Boix, José Luis del Barrio, Pedro Saz, Ramón Reñé, José María Manubens, Antonio Lobo, Jordi Gascón, Ana de Arce, Jaime Díaz-Guzmán, Alberto Bergareche, Félix Bermejo-Pareja and Jesús de Pedro-Cuesta

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:36

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Brain derived proteins such as 14-3-3, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S 100b, tau, phosphorylated tau and Aβ1–42 were found to be altered in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) patien...

    Authors: Constanze Boesenberg-Grosse, Walter J Schulz-Schaeffer, Monika Bodemer, Barbara Ciesielczyk, Bettina Meissner, Anna Krasnianski, Mario Bartl, Uta Heinemann, Daniela Varges, Sabina Eigenbrod, Hans A Kretzschmar, Alison Green and Inga Zerr

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:35

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is difficult. Rapid confirmatory diagnosis is essential to initiate required therapy. There are very few published reports about the diagnostic significance of 65 kD h...

    Authors: Anju V Mudaliar, Rajpal S Kashyap, Hemant J Purohit, Girdhar M Taori and Hatim F Daginawala

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:34

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Extrapontine myelinolysis presenting with extra pyramidal features suggestive of parkinsonism may be a challenging clinical syndrome. Clinicians should maintain their vigilance while correcting electrolyte imb...

    Authors: J Sajith, A Ditchfield and HA Katifi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:33

    Content type: Case report

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  25. Many cases of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are familial, often with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Some are due to a mutation in the tau- encoding gene, on chromosome 17, and show an accumulati...

    Authors: Ian R Mackenzie, Stefanie L Butland, Rebecca S Devon, Emily Dwosh, Howard Feldman, Caroline Lindholm, Scott J Neal, BF Francis Ouellette and Blair R Leavitt

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:32

    Content type: Research article

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  26. It has been recently demonstrated that in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD) memory deficits at presentation are commoner than previously thought. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype, the major genetic risk...

    Authors: Barbara Borroni, Daniela Perani, Silvana Archetti, Chiara Agosti, Barbara Paghera, Giuseppe Bellelli, Monica Di Luca and Alessandro Padovani

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:31

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Effective control of (upright) body posture requires a proper representation of body orientation. Stroke patients with pusher syndrome were shown to suffer from severely disturbed perception of own body orient...

    Authors: Leif Johannsen, Doris Broetz and Hans-Otto Karnath

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:30

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Estimates of the incidence and prevalence of chronic diseases can be made using established cohort studies but these estimates may have lower reliability if based purely on self-reported diagnosis.

    Authors: Thomas Foltynie, Fiona E Matthews, Lianna Ishihara and Carol Brayne

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:29

    Content type: Research article

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  29. The relationship between functional recovery after brain injury and concomitant neuroplastic changes is emphasized in recent research. In the present study we aimed to delineate brain regions essential for lan...

    Authors: Marcus Meinzer, Tobias Flaisch, Jonas Obleser, Ramin Assadollahi, Daniela Djundja, Gabriela Barthel and Brigitte Rockstroh

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:28

    Content type: Case report

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  30. Fatigue is a common complaint in multiple sclerosis (MS) and often interferes with daily functioning. Both clinicians and researchers may need to detect high levels of fatigue impact using a time and effort ef...

    Authors: Daphne Kos, Guy Nagels, Marie B D'Hooghe, Marijke Duportail and Eric Kerckhofs

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:27

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common chronic neurological disorder of the elderly. Despite the fact that a comprehensive review of general health care in the United States showed that the quality of...

    Authors: Kari Swarztrauber, Eric Graf and Eric Cheng

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:26

    Content type: Research article

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  32. The 14-3-3 test appears to be a valuable aid for the clinical diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) in selected populations. However, its usefulness in routine practice has been challenged. In...

    Authors: Natividad Cuadrado-Corrales, Adolfo Jiménez-Huete, Carmen Albo, Rafael Hortigüela, Luz Vega, Laura Cerrato, Maríajosé Sierra-Moros, Alberto Rábano, Jesús de Pedro-Cuesta and Miguel Calero

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:25

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Pathological brain iron deposition has been implicated as a source of neurotoxic reactive oxygen species in Alzheimer (AD) and Parkinson diseases (PD). Iron metabolism is associated with the gene hemochromatos...

    Authors: Rita J Guerreiro, Jose M Bras, Isabel Santana, Cristina Januario, Beatriz Santiago, Ana S Morgadinho, Maria H Ribeiro, John Hardy, Andrew Singleton and Catarina Oliveira

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:24

    Content type: Research article

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  34. It is a well-known phenomenon that some patients with acute left or right hemisphere stroke show a deviation of the eyes (Prévost's sign) and head to one side. Here we investigated whether both right- and left...

    Authors: M Fruhmann Berger, RD Proß, UJ Ilg and H-O Karnath

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:23

    Content type: Research article

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    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Neurology 2006 6:49

  35. Previous studies have proposed correlation between variants of the cerebral arterial circle (also known as circle of Willis) and some cerebrovascular diseases. Differences in the incidence of these diseases in...

    Authors: Behzad Eftekhar, Majid Dadmehr, Saeed Ansari, Mohammad Ghodsi, Bashir Nazparvar and Ebrahim Ketabchi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:22

    Content type: Research article

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  36. The two human cerebral hemispheres are continuously interacting, through excitatory and inhibitory influences and one critical structure subserving this interhemispheric balance is the corpus callosum. Interhe...

    Authors: Shirley Fecteau, Maryse Lassonde and Hugo Théoret

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:21

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Intravenous methylprednisolone (IV-MP) is an established treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses, accompanied by rapid, though transient reduction of gadolinium enhancing (Gd+) lesions on brain MRI. Int...

    Authors: Florian Then Bergh, Tania Kümpfel, Erina Schumann, Ulrike Held, Michaela Schwan, Mirjana Blazevic, Axel Wismüller, Florian Holsboer, Alexander Yassouridis, Manfred Uhr, Frank Weber, Martin Daumer, Claudia Trenkwalder and Dorothee P Auer

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:19

    Content type: Research article

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  39. A substantial proportion of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients discontinue interferon-beta (IFNβ) treatment due to various adverse effects, most of which emerge at the early phase after initiation of the treatme...

    Authors: Jun-ichi Satoh, Yusuke Nanri, Hiroko Tabunoki and Takashi Yamamura

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:18

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Widespread cortical atrophy in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) has been described in neuropathological studies. The presence of cortical atrophy in conventional and scientific neuroimaging has been a matte...

    Authors: Julian Grosskreutz, Jörn Kaufmann, Julia Frädrich, Reinhard Dengler, Hans-Jochen Heinze and Thomas Peschel

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:17

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Available screening tests for dementia are of limited usefulness because they are influenced by the patient's culture and educational level. The Eurotest, an instrument based on the knowledge and handling of m...

    Authors: Cristobal Carnero-Pardo, Manuel Gurpegui, Emilio Sanchez-Cantalejo, Ana Frank, Santiago Mola, M Sagrario Barquero and M Teresa Montoro-Rios

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:15

    Content type: Research article

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  43. The present study was aimed at investigating the writing parameters of writer's cramp patients and control subjects during handwriting of a test sentence in the absence of visual control.

    Authors: Vihren Chakarov, Sibylla Hummel, Florian Losch, Jürgen Schulte-Mönting and Rumyana Kristeva

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:14

    Content type: Research article

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  45. While multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are primarily inflammatory and degenerative disorders respectively, there is increasing evidence for shared cellular mechanisms that may af...

    Authors: Yiangos Yiangou, Paul Facer, Pascal Durrenberger, Iain P Chessell, Alan Naylor, Chas Bountra, Richard R Banati and Praveen Anand

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:12

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Chorea in Huntington's Disease (HD) is usually treated with antidopaminergic neuroleptics like haloperidol, olanzapine and tiaprid or dopamine depleting drugs like tetrabenazine. Some patients with hyperkinesi...

    Authors: Carsten Saft, Thorsten Lauter, Peter H Kraus, Horst Przuntek and Juergen E Andrich

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:11

    Content type: Research article

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  47. In a sample of patients in clinical occupational medicine we have demonstrated that an upper limb neurological examination can reliably identify patterns of findings suggesting upper limb focal neuropathies. T...

    Authors: Jørgen R Jepsen, Lise H Laursen, Carl-Göran Hagert, Svend Kreiner and Anders I Larsen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:10

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Although the neural mechanism of chronic fatigue syndrome has been investigated by a number of researchers, it remains poorly understood.

    Authors: Masaaki Tanaka, Norihiro Sadato, Tomohisa Okada, Kei Mizuno, Tetsuya Sasabe, Hiroki C Tanabe, Daisuke N Saito, Hirotaka Onoe, Hirohiko Kuratsune and Yasuyoshi Watanabe

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:9

    Content type: Research article

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  49. We have previously assessed the reproducibility of manual testing of the strength in 14 individual upper limb muscles in patients with or without upper limb complaints. This investigation aimed at additionally...

    Authors: Jorgen R Jepsen, Lise H Laursen, Carl-Goran Hagert, Svend Kreiner and Anders I Larsen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:8

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) can sometimes lead to persistent postconcussion symptoms. One well accepted hypothesis claims that chronic PCS has a neural origin, and is related to neurobehavioral deficits...

    Authors: Annette Sterr, Katherine A Herron, Chantal Hayward and Daniela Montaldi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2006 6:7

    Content type: Research article

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