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  1. Regaining independent ambulation is the top priority for individuals recovering from stroke. Thus, physical rehabilitation post-stroke should focus on improving walking function and endurance. However, the amo...

    Authors: Avril Mansfield, Jennifer S Wong, Mark Bayley, Lou Biasin, Dina Brooks, Karen Brunton, Jo-Anne Howe, Elizabeth L Inness, Simon Jones, Jackie Lymburner, Ramona Mileris and William E McIlroy
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:93
  2. Multiple sclerosis (MS) has undergone a significant increase in incidence in the industrialised nations over the last 130 years. Changing environmental factors, possibly infections or a lack of or altered timi...

    Authors: Bernd Krone and John M Grange
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:91
  3. Recent evidence has indicated an association between chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) and multiple sclerosis. Small internal jugular veins (IJVs) (with a cross-sectional area of less than 0.4 cm

    Authors: Željko Krsmanović, Maja Živković, Toplica Lepić, Aleksandra Stanković, Ranko Raičević and Evica Dinčić
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:90
  4. Ischemic stroke in young adults is a major health problem being associated with a higher vascular morbidity and mortality compared to controls, and a stroke recurrence rate of 25% during the first decade. The ...

    Authors: Annette Fromm, Lars Thomassen, Halvor Naess, Rudy Meijer, Geir Egil Eide, Jostein Kråkenes, Christian A Vedeler, Eva Gerdts, Terje H Larsen, Karel K-J Kuiper, Elin Laxdal, David Russell, Turgut Tatlisumak and Ulrike Waje-Andreassen
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:89
  5. Cardiomyopathy is reported in Duchenne and Becker muscle dystrophy patients and female carriers. Brain Natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a hormone produced mainly by ventricular cardiomyocytes and its production is...

    Authors: Steven Schade van Westrum, Lukas Dekker, Rob de Haan, Erik Endert, Ieke Ginjaar, Marianne de Visser and Anneke van der Kooi
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:88
  6. Speech disturbance is a common symptom of stroke and is important as a prompt identifier of the event. The frequency of the symptom among each stroke subtype, differences between patients with and without spee...

    Authors: Kazuo Shigematsu, Hiromi Nakano, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Tatsuyuki Sekimoto, Kouichiro Shimizu, Akihiko Nishizawa, Atsushi Okumura and Masahiro Makino
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:87
  7. In this study we assess the prevalence, characteristics as well as socio-demographic and clinical correlates of a positive screen for HIV-associated dementia in a group of patients on antiretroviral therapy (A...

    Authors: Julius Atashili, Bradley N Gaynes, Brian W Pence, Gladys Tayong, Dmitry Kats, Julie K O’donnell, Peter M Ndumbe and Alfred K Njamnshi
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:86
  8. Cervical dystonia is characterized by involuntary muscle contractions of the neck and abnormal head positions that affect daily life activities and social life of patients. Patients are usually treated with bo...

    Authors: Joost van den Dool, Bart Visser, J Hans TM Koelman, Raoul HH Engelbert and Marina AJ Tijssen
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:85
  9. Weight loss is a frequent feature in the motor neuron disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In this study we investigated possible causes of weight loss in ALS, its impact on mood/quality of life (QOL) ...

    Authors: Sonja Körner, Melanie Hendricks, Katja Kollewe, Antonia Zapf, Reinhard Dengler, Vincenzo Silani and Susanne Petri
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:84
  10. This study aimed to correlate body mass index or biomarkers with the frequency of common adverse events (AEs) with subcutaneous IFN β-1a during treatment titration in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple...

    Authors: Delicias Muñoz, Antonio Escartín, Dolores Dapena, Francisco Coret, Dionisio Fernández-Uría, Domingo Pérez, Bonaventura Casanova, Cristina Guijarro-Castro, Elvira Munteis, María del-Campo Amigo, Robustiano Pego, Carmen Calles, César García-Rey, Nuria Monsalve and David Sánchez-Matienzo
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:82
  11. The quantification of the flow returning from the head through the cervical veins and the collaterals of the internal jugular vein (IJV), is becoming of prominent interest in clinical practice. We developed a ...

    Authors: Paolo Zamboni, Francesco Sisini, Erica Menegatti, Angelo Taibi, Anna Maria Malagoni, Sandra Morovic and Mauro Gambaccini
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:81
  12. Registry to Evaluate Novantrone Effects in Worsening Multiple Sclerosis (RENEW) was a 5-year, phase IV study in which the safety of Mitoxantrone was monitored in a patient cohort from the United States (US). T...

    Authors: Victor M Rivera, Douglas R Jeffery, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, Daena Bock and Fernando Dangond
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:80
  13. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a transient clinical and neuroradiologic syndrome caused by cerebral vasogenic edema. Various reversible neurologic symptoms were shown in patients with P...

    Authors: Asuka Nakajima, Yuji Ueno, Hideki Shimura, Taiki Kambe, Kenya Nishioka, Nobutaka Hattori and Takao Urabe
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:79
  14. The majority of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients develop some form of lower urinary tract dysfunction, usually as a result of neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO). Patients identify urinary incontinence as o...

    Authors: David Bates, Jack Burks, Denise Globe, Manuel Signori, Stacie Hudgens, Pierre Denys, Scott MacDiarmid, Victor Nitti, Ib Odderson, Amy Perrin Ross and Michael Chancellor
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:78
  15. The association of HLA DRB1 alleles with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) has been consistently reported although its effect on the clinical features and disability is still unclear probably due to di...

    Authors: Renata Balnyte, Daiva Rastenyte, Antanas Vaitkus, Dalia Mickeviciene, Erika Skrodeniene, Astra Vitkauskiene and Ingrida Uloziene
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:77
  16. Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Anti-GAD antibodies (GADA) are associated with the progression of stiff person syndrome and other n...

    Authors: Masahito Takagi, Yasushi Ishigaki, Kenji Uno, Shojiro Sawada, Junta Imai, Keizo Kaneko, Yutaka Hasegawa, Tetsuya Yamada, Ai Tokita, Kazumi Iseki, Shigenori Kanno, Yoshiyuki Nishio, Hideki Katagiri and Etsuro Mori
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:76
  17. We investigated the association between oxcarbazepine (OXC)-induced maculopapular eruption (MPE) and HLA-B alleles in a northern Han Chinese population, and conducted an analysis of clinical risk factors for O...

    Authors: Yu-Dan Lv, Fu-Li Min, Wei-Ping Liao, Na He, Tao Zeng, Di-Hui Ma and Yi-Wu Shi
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:75
  18. Stroke has emerged as a significant and escalating health problem for Asian populations. We compared risk factors, quality of care and risk of death or recurrent stroke in South Asian, East Asian and White pat...

    Authors: Nadia A Khan, Hude Quan, Michael D Hill, Louise Pilote, Finlay A McAlister, Anita Palepu, Baiju R Shah, Limei Zhou, Hong Zhen and Moira K Kapral
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:74
  19. The disease course in multiple sclerosis (MS) is influenced by many factors, including age, sex, and sex hormones. Little is known about sex-specific changes in disease course around age 50, which may represen...

    Authors: Riley Bove, Alexander Musallam, Brian C Healy, Maria Houtchens, Bonnie I Glanz, Samia Khoury, Charles R Guttmann, Philip L De Jager and Tanuja Chitnis
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:73
  20. Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) shows various brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities with recurrent central nervous system (CNS) attacks, although predominantly affecting the spinal cord and optic ner...

    Authors: Chen Cheng, Ying Jiang, Xiaohong Chen, Yongqiang Dai, Zhuang Kang, Zhengqi Lu, Fuhua Peng and Xueqiang Hu
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:72
  21. Recovery of upper limb function after stroke is poor. The acute to subacutephase after stroke is the optimal time window to promote the recovery ofupper limb function. The dose and content of training provided...

    Authors: Sandra G Brauer, Kathryn S Hayward, Richard G Carson, Andrew G Cresswell and Ruth N Barker
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:71
  22. Muscle fibrosis characterizes degenerated muscles in muscular dystrophies and in late onset myopathies. Fibrotic muscles often exhibit thickening of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The molecular regulation of ...

    Authors: Vered Raz, Ellen Sterrenburg, Samantha Routledge, Andrea Venema, Barbara M van der Sluijs, Capucine Trollet, George Dickson, Baziel GM van Engelen, Silvère M van der Maarel and Michael N Antoniou
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:70
  23. Despite the commonly known benefits of exercise and physical activity evidence shows that persons Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are relatively inactive yet physical activity may be even more important in a populatio...

    Authors: Nancy E Mayo, Mark Bayley, Pierre Duquette, Yves Lapierre, Ross Anderson and Susan Bartlett
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:69
  24. Children with congenital hemiplegia often present with limitations in using their impaired upper limb which impacts on independence in activities of daily living, societal participation and quality of life. Tr...

    Authors: Roslyn N Boyd, Jenny Ziviani, Leanne Sakzewski, Laura Miller, Joanne Bowden, Ross Cunnington, Robert Ware, Andrea Guzzetta, Richard AL Macdonell, Graeme D Jackson, David F Abbott and Stephen Rose
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:68
  25. Coping style is one of the determinants of health-related quality of life after stroke. Stroke patients make less use of active problem-oriented coping styles than other brain damaged patients. Coping styles c...

    Authors: Marieke M Visser, Majanka H Heijenbrok-Kal, Adriaan van ’t Spijker, Gerard M Ribbers and Jan JV Busschbach
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:67
  26. Stroke is the disease with the highest costs for hospital care and also after discharge. Early supported discharge (ESD) has shown to be efficient and safe and the best results with well-organised discharge te...

    Authors: Katharina S Sunnerhagen, Anna Danielsson, Lena Rafsten, Ann Björkdahl, Åsa B Axelsson, Åsa Nordin, Cathrine A Petersson, Åsa Lundgren-Nilsson and Karin Fröjd
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:66
  27. To compare the value of ultrasonography for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).

    Authors: Nai-Wen Tsai, Lian-Hui Lee, Chi-Ren Huang, Wen-Neng Chang, Hung-Chen Wang, Yu-Jun Lin, Wei-Che Lin, Tsu-Kung Lin, Ben-Chung Cheng, Yu-Jih Su, Chia-Te Kung, Shu-Fang Chen and Cheng-Hsien Lu
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:65
  28. Many brain-injured patients referred for outpatient rehabilitation have executive deficits, notably difficulties with planning, problem-solving and goal directed behaviour. Goal Management Training (GMT) has p...

    Authors: Dirk Bertens, Luciano Fasotti, Danielle HE Boelen and Roy PC Kessels
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:64
  29. Clinical-Diffusion mismatch (CDM; NIHSS score ≥8 & DWI lesion volume ≤25 mL) and Perfusion-Diffusion mismatch (PDM; difference >20% between initial DWI and MTT lesion volumes) have been proposed as surrogates ...

    Authors: Manuel Rodríguez-Yáñez, Mar Castellanos, Tomás Sobrino, David Brea, Pedro Ramos-Cabrer, Salvador Pedraza, José A Castiñeiras, Joaquín Serena, Antonio Dávalos, José Castillo and Miguel Blanco
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:62
  30. Limited information has been published regarding standard quality assurance (QA) procedures for stroke registries. We share our experience regarding the establishment of enhanced QA procedures for the Universi...

    Authors: Mohammad H Rahbar, Nicole R Gonzales, Manouchehr Ardjomand-Hessabi, Amirali Tahanan, Melvin R Sline, Hui Peng, Renganayaki Pandurengan, Farhaan S Vahidy, Jessica D Tanksley, Ayodeji A Delano, Rene M Malazarte, Ellie E Choi, Sean I Savitz and James C Grotta
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:61
  31. Flu-like symptoms (FLS) are common side effects of interferon beta (IFN-β) treatment in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) and are associated with post-injection cytokine surge. We hypothesized that vitam...

    Authors: Daniel Golan, Basheer Halhal, Lea Glass-Marmor, Elsebeth Staun-Ram, Orit Rozenberg, Idit Lavi, Sara Dishon, Mira Barak, Sophia Ish-Shalom and Ariel Miller
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:60
  32. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of neuroendoscopy compared with non-neuroendoscopic procedures for treating patients with arachnoid membrane cysts in the lateral ventricles.

    Authors: Peng Zhao, Xinsheng Wang, Chuzhong Li, Songbai Gui, Xuyi Zong and Yazhuo Zhang
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:59
  33. A debate surrounding multiple sclerosis epidemiology has centred on time-related incidence increases and the need of monitoring. The purpose of this study is to reassess multiple sclerosis incidence in the Eur...

    Authors: Enrique Alcalde-Cabero, Javier Almazán-Isla, Antonio García-Merino, Joao de Sá and Jesús de Pedro-Cuesta
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:58
  34. Cerebral palsy (CP) results from a static brain lesion during pregnancy or early life and remains the most common cause of physical disability in children (1 in 500). While the brain lesion is static, the phys...

    Authors: Roslyn N Boyd, Rachel Jordan, Laura Pareezer, Anne Moodie, Christine Finn, Belinda Luther, Evyn Arnfield, Aaron Pym, Alex Craven, Paula Beall, Kelly Weir, Megan Kentish, Meredith Wynter, Robert Ware, Michael Fahey, Barry Rawicki…
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:57
  35. The anticonvulsants pregabalin and gabapentin are both indicated for the treatment of peripheral neuropathic pain. The decision on which treatment provides the best alternative, should take into account all as...

    Authors: Kostas Athanasakis, Ioannis Petrakis, Eleftheria Karampli, Elli Vitsou, Leonidas Lyras and John Kyriopoulos
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:56
  36. We report a case of childhood onset, generalized dystonia due to slowly progressive bilateral striatal necrosis associated with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies. This clinical phenotype ha...

    Authors: Charalampos Tzoulis, Christian Vedeler, Mette Haugen, Anette Storstein, Gia Tuong Tran, Ivar Otto Gjerde, Martin Biermann, Thomas Schwarzlmüller and Laurence A Bindoff
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:55
  37. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is recognised as a clinically and morphologically heterogeneous group of interrelated neurodegenerative conditions. One of the subtypes within this disease spectrum is the behavio...

    Authors: Maria Landqvist Waldö, Alexander Frizell Santillo, Ulla Passant, Henrik Zetterberg, Lars Rosengren, Christer Nilsson and Elisabet Englund
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:54
  38. The study of muscle metabolism by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been poorly implemented in multiple sclerosis (MS). Aims of the study were to compare resting muscle oxygen consumption (rmVO2) at gastrocne...

    Authors: Anna Maria Malagoni, Michele Felisatti, Nicola Lamberti, Nino Basaglia, Roberto Manfredini, Fabrizio Salvi, Paolo Zamboni and Fabio Manfredini
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:52
  39. Few studies have examined both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke to identify prognostic factors associated to long-term stroke survival. We investigated long-term survival and predictors that could adversely inf...

    Authors: Alessandra C Goulart, Tiotrefis G Fernandes, Itamar S Santos, Airlane P Alencar, Isabela M Bensenor and Paulo A Lotufo
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:51
  40. Over the last years, the introduction of robotic technologies into Parkinson’s disease rehabilitation settings has progressed from concept to reality. However, the benefit of robotic training remains elusive. ...

    Authors: Patrizio Sale, Maria Francesca De Pandis, Domenica Le Pera, Ivan Sova, Veronica Cimolin, Andrea Ancillao, Giorgio Albertini, Manuela Galli, Fabrizio Stocchi and Marco Franceschini
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:50
  41. Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) was first described in 2010 by Pittock and colleagues. All reported patients presented with diplopia and...

    Authors: Juerd Wijntjes, Ernest J Wouda, Carl EH Siegert, Giorgos B Karas and Annemarie MM Vlaar
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:49
  42. West syndrome is an age-dependent epilepsy with onset peak in the first year of life whose aetiology may be symptomatic or cryptogenic. Long-term cognitive and neurological prognosis is usually poor and seizur...

    Authors: Salvatore Mangano, Rosaria Nardello, Gabriele Tripi, Giuliana Giordano, Chiara Spitaleri, Giuseppa Renata Mangano and Antonina Fontana
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:48
  43. Fabry disease is an inborn lysosomal storage disorder which is associated with small fiber neuropathy. We set out to investigate small fiber conduction in Fabry patients using pain-related evoked potentials (P...

    Authors: Nurcan Üçeyler, Ann-Kathrin Kahn, Daniela Kramer, Daniel Zeller, Jordi Casanova-Molla, Christoph Wanner, Frank Weidemann, Zaza Katsarava and Claudia Sommer
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:47
  44. This study attempts to explore the clinical features, possible mechanisms and prognosis of the neurologic complications in patients with acute aortic dissection (AD).

    Authors: Seung-Jae Lee, Jae-Hyun Kim, Chan-Young Na, Sam-Sae Oh, Yang-Min Kim, Chang-Keun Lee and Dal-Soo Lim
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:46
  45. The aetiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) remains unknown. This hampers molecular diagnosis and the discovery of bio-molecular markers. Consequently, MS diagnostic procedures are complex and criteria for assess...

    Authors: Roberto De Masi, Sergio Pasca, Rocco Scarpello, Adele Idolo and Antonella De Donno
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:45
  46. Carriers of the ApoE ϵ4 allele are at a greater risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and those who do develop AD tend to have a much greater neuropathological disease burden. Although several studies h...

    Authors: Marwan N Sabbagh, Michael Malek-Ahmadi, Brittany N Dugger, Katarina Lee, Lucia I Sue, Geidy Serrano, Douglas G Walker, Kathryn Davis, Sandra A Jacobson and Thomas G Beach
    Citation: BMC Neurology 2013 13:44

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