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Table 2 Ordinary least-squares regression models with categorical age-related factors as main effects: results from models including single age-related factors (N = 815).a

From: Health-related quality of life in adults with epilepsy: the effect of age, age at onset and duration of epilepsy in a multicentre Italian study

Age-related factor

N

%

  

N

%

Age

   

Age at onset

  

   <30

238

29.2

 

<10

188

23.1

   30-<40

246

30.2

 

10-<25

407

49.9

   40-<50

149

18.3

 

25-<55

180

22.1

   50-<60

93

11.4

 

≥ 55

40

4.9

   ≥60

89

10.9

    

Duration of epilepsy

      

   <10

244

29.9

    

   10-<20

207

25.4

    

   20-<30

184

22.6

    

   30-<40

122

15.0

    

   ≥ 40

58

7.1

    

Predictor variable

Type-1 Model

Type-2 Model

 

β

SE

p

β

SE

p

Age

      

   30-<40

-4.68

3.95

0.237

0.39

3.51

0.911

   40-<50

-10.52

4.54

0.021

-4.13

4.13

0.318

   50-<60

-16.63

5.31

0.002

-8.94

4.83

0.065

   ≥ 60

-5.44

5.40

0.314

1.37

5.08

0.787

Seizure frequency in preceding 12 months

      

   1-5 vs seizure free

   

-18.59

3.48

<0.001

   6-20 vs seizure free

   

-23.65

4.47

<0.001

   ≥20 vs seizure free

   

-33.12

4.02

<0.001

Psychiatric disturbances

      

   yes vs no

   

-19.97

4.03

<0.001

Gender

      

   male vs female

   

8.22

2.71

0.002

Therapy

      

   monotherapy vs polytherapy

   

9.24

3.03

0.002

   no therapy vs polytherapy

   

17.86

10.91

0.102

Intellectual functions

      

   compromised vs normal

   

-12.35

4.10

0.003

Education

      

   9-13 years vs <9 years

   

6.95

3.14

0.027

   ≥ 14 years vs <9 years

   

9.97

4.17

0.017

Geographic area

      

   central Italy vs northern Italy

   

-2.47

3.29

0.452

   southern Italy vs northern Italy

   

-12.93

3.45

<0.001

Etiology

      

   cryptogenic vs symptomatic

   

4.09

3.08

0.184

   idiopathic vs symptomatic

   

3.11

3.85

0.419

Intercept

213.51

2.82

<0.001

216.65

5.49

<0.001

R 2

0.01

  

0.25

  

Age at onset

      

   10-<25

7.78

3.84

0.043

-2.04

3.45

0.555

   25-<55

3.17

4.55

0.486

-6.93

4.18

0.098

   ≥ 55

13.54

7.59

0.075

5.67

6.90

0.412

Seizure frequency in preceding 12 months

      

   1-5 vs seizure free

   

-18.86

3.50

<0.001

   6-20 vs seizure free

   

-23.43

4.48

<0.001

   ≥ 20 vs seizure free

   

-33.22

4.02

<0.001

Psychiatric disturbances

      

   yes vs no

   

-20.20

4.01

<0.001

Gender

      

   male vs female

   

8.040

2.720

0.003

Therapy

      

   monotherapy vs polytherapy

   

10.24

3.07

<0.001

   no therapy vs polytherapy

   

18.66

10.93

0.088

Intellectual functions

      

   compromised vs normal

   

-12.70

4.15

0.002

Education

      

   9-13 years vs <9 years

   

7.86

3.06

0.010

   ≥ 14 years vs <9 years

   

11.73

4.08

0.004

Geographic area

      

   central Italy vs northern Italy

   

-2.14

3.28

0.514

   southern Italy vs northern Italy

   

-12.25

3.38

<0.001

Etiology

      

   cryptogenic vs symptomatic

   

4.71

3.10

0.129

   idiopathic vs symptomatic

   

3.05

3.88

0.431

Intercept

202.43

3.18

<0.001

215.86

5.04

<0.001

R 2

0.01

  

0.25

  

Duration of epilepsy

      

   10-<20

2.32

4.09

0.571

4.42

3.65

0.226

   20-<30

-3.04

4.22

0.471

4.25

3.88

0.273

   30-<40

-13.53

4.80

0.005

2.13

4.48

0.634

   ≥ 40

-19.37

6.32

0.002

-6.78

5.84

0.246

Seizure frequency in preceding 12 months

      

   1-5 vs seizure free

   

-18.15

3.49

<0.001

   6-20 vs seizure free

   

-23.06

4.48

<0.001

   ≥ 20 vs seizure free

   

-32.12

4.03

<0.001

Psychiatric disturbances

      

   yes vs no

   

-20.18

4.02

<0.001

Gender

      

   male vs female

   

8.48

2.71

0.002

Therapy

      

   monotherapy vs polytherapy

   

9.88

3.15

0.002

   no therapy vs polytherapy

   

20.22

10.95

0.065

Intellectual functions

      

   compromised vs normal

   

-12.13

4.12

0.003

Education

      

   9-13 years vs <9 years

   

6.89

3.07

0.025

   ≥ 14 years vs <9 years

   

10.16

4.09

0.013

Geographic area

      

   central Italy vs northern Italy

   

-2.45

3.30

0.459

   southern Italy vs northern Italy

   

-13.32

3.43

<0.001

Etiology

      

   cryptogenic vs symptomatic

   

4.54

3.08

0.141

   idiopathic vs symptomatic

   

3.91

3.78

0.301

Intercept

211.18

2.77

<0.001

212.07

5.62

<0.001

R 2

0.02

  

0.25

  
  1. aType-1 models include only the age-related variables as predictors of the overall Epi-QoL score. Type-2 models include the age-related variables and the selected potential confounders (as listed in the left outer column of the table). All variables included in the models were shown.β: unstandardized regression coefficient; SE: standard error.
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BMC Neurology

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