Table 1 Baseline characteristics of high estrogen state and control groups
Case | Relevant medical history/co-morbidities | Vascular risk factors | Relevant family history | Medications at the time of stroke | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
High estrogen state group | 1 | COPD, migraines, s/p hysterectomy, s/p appendectomy, s/p small bowel obstruction | None | N/A | Nitrates, aspirin, Diltiazem, Premarin |
2 | Bicuspid aortic valve with severe aortic regurgitation, 5 years s/p prosthetic valve, obese | Hypertension | N/A | Warfarin, oral contraception | |
3 | None | None | Non-fatal stroke (father), fatal pulmonary embolism (sister) | Oral contraception | |
4 | Admitted for ruptured MCA pseudoaneurysm | None | N/A | Oral contraception | |
5 | One-week post-partum, tetralogy of Fallot repaired in infancy with closure of VSD, s/p pulmonary valve replacement | None | N/A | None | |
Control group | 1 | Prior left cerebellar infarction, s/p medulloblastoma resection and radiotherapy, generalized brain atrophy, history of seizures, thyroiditis | Hypertension | Thyroid disease (mother, maternal grandmother) | None |
2 | Tested positive for COVID-19 at the time of admission (with possible ivermectin use), ADHD, Unintentional weight loss (70 lbs), former smoker | Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, DM (hyperglycemia at admission) | N/A | None | |
3 | History of CAD, anxiety, recent community-acquired pneumonia | Hypertension, hyperlipidemia | N/A | Aspirin, atorvastatin, hydrochlorothiazide | |
4 | None, former smokeless tobacco user | Hypertension, DM, hyperlipidemia | Stroke (uncle), Hypertension, DM (father), breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, lymphoma, Crohn’s disease (mother), heart disease (grandmother, uncle) | atorvastatin, metformin, lisinopril | |
5 | Recent AL amyloidosis diagnosis with related cardiomyopathy, PFO, history of BPH, depression | None | N/A | Levothyroxine, finasteride |