Table 1 The baseline characteristics of participants

Participants

158

502

236

60

90

181

297

Gender

0.232

0.073

 Male

94 (59.5%)

322 (64.1%)

137 (58.1%)

42 (70.0%)

44 (48.9%)

109 (60.2%)

177 (59.6%)

 Female

64 (40.5%)

180 (35.9%)

99 (41.9%)

18 (30.0%)

46 (51.1%)

72 (39.8%)

120 (40.4%)

Age(years)

 < 0.001

0.354

 < 60

80 (50.6%)

121 (24.1%)

44 (18.6%)

12 (20.0%)

16 (17.8%)

26 (14.4%)

64 (21.5%)

 60 to < 70

26 (16.5%)

140 (27.9%)

60 (25.4%)

14 (23.3%)

25 (27.8%)

51 (28.2%)

92 (31.0%)

 70 to < 80

38 (24.1%)

161 (32.1%)

89 (37.7%)

23 (38.3%)

30 (33.3%)

75 (41.4%)

104 (35.0%)

 ≥ 80

14 (8.9%)

80 (15.9%)

43 (18.2%)

11 (18.3%)

19 (21.1%)

29 (16.0%)

37 (12.5%)

BMI (kg/m²)

22.8 ± 3.1

23.5 ± 3.0

23.5 ± 3.2

0.034

22.6 ± 3.2

23.1 ± 2.9

23.9 ± 3.2

24.4 ± 3.5

< 0.001

Smoking status

0.772

0.330

 No

93 (58.9%)

302 (60.2%)

147 (62.3%)

34 (56.7%)

61 (67.8%)

115 (63.5%)

174 (58.6%)

 Yes

65 (41.1%)

200 (39.8%)

89 (37.7%)

26 (43.3%)

29 (32.2%)

66 (36.5%)

123 (41.4%)

NIHSS score

3 (1–7)

3(1-)

3 (1–6)

0.937

4.5 (0–23)

4 (0–28)

3 (0–25)

4 (0–30)

0.358

Hypertension

0.009

0.001

 No

86 (54.4%)

214 (42.6%)

93 (39.4%)

6 (10.0%)

12 (13.3%)

50 (27.6%)

83 (27.9%)

 Yes

72 (45.6%)

288 (57.4%)

143 (60.6%)

54 (90.0%)

78 (86.7%)

131 (72.4%)

214 (72.1%)

CHD

0.453

0.226

 No

146 (92.4%)

453 (90.2%)

209 (88.6%)

47 (78.3%)

80 (88.9%)

150 (82.9%)

257 (86.5%)

 Yes

12 (7.6%)

49 (9.8%)

27 (11.4%)

13 (21.7%)

10 (11.1%)

31 (17.1%)

40 (13.5%)

Previous stroke/TIA

0.249

0.336

 No

134 (84.8%)

412 (82.1%)

185 (78.4%)

45 (75.0%)

63 (70.0%)

137 (75.7%)

235 (79.1%)

 Yes

24 (15.2%)

90 (17.9%)

51 (21.6%)

15 (25.0%)

27 (30.0%)

44 (24.3%)

62 (20.9%)

Stroke etiology

0.179

0.405

 SVO

38 (24.1%)

145 (28.9%)

67 (28.4%)

17 (28.3%)

32 (35.6%)

67 (37.0%)

121 (40.7%)

 LAA

27 (17.1%)

93 (18.5%)

43 (18.2%)

11 (18.3%)

17 (18.9%)

44 (24.3%)

70 (23.6%)

 CE

41 (25.9%)

139 (27.7%)

78 (33.1%)

19 (31.7%)

24 (26.7%)

39 (21.5%)

50 (16.8%)

 Other determined

23 (14.6%)

47 (9.4%)

24 (10.2%)

4 (6.7%)

7 (7.8%)

8 (4.4%)

19 (6.4%)

 Undetermined

29 (18.4%)

78 (15.5%)

24 (10.2%)

9 (15.0%)

10 (11.1%)

23 (12.7%)

37 (12.5%)

Death

0.973

0.373

 No

152 (96.2%)

481 (95.8%)

226 (95.8%)

56 (93.3%)

88 (97.8%)

171 (94.5%)

287 (96.6%)

 Yes

6 (3.8%)

21 (4.2%)

10 (4.2%)

4 (6.7%)

2 (2.2%)

10 (5.5%)

10 (3.4%)

TC (mg/dL)

182.2 ± 38.1

184.3 ± 44.2

185.5 ± 44.6

0.757

164.7 ± 43.7

166.3 ± 37.6

174.1 ± 42.2

179.2 ± 49.1

0.031

TG (mg/dL)

107.2 ± 60.3

106.3 ± 49.7

112.1 ± 56.4

0.379

99.0 ± 51.7

121.0 ± 64.8

118.3 ± 58.3

129.4 ± 67.5

0.006

HDL-C(mg/dL)

47.8 ± 14.8

47.8 ± 13.9

47.3 ± 14.0

0.898

48.0 ± 15.1

44.9 ± 15.7

44.0 ± 12.5

42.9 ± 13.0

0.058

LDL-C (mg/dL)

107.9 ± 33.9

112.2 ± 37.9

114.1 ± 39.9

0.274

95.8 ± 39.5

94.9 ± 30.1

104.0 ± 35.8

106.2 ± 40.3

0.036

ALB (g/dL)

4.1 ± 0.4

4.1 ± 0.4

4.0 ± 0.4

0.098

3.9 ± 0.4

4.0 ± 0.5

4.0 ± 0.4

4.0 ± 0.5

0.332

Scr (mg/dL)

0.9 ± 0.6

1.0 ± 0.9

1.0 ± 0.4

0.740

2.1 ± 2.4

1.3 ± 1.3

1.2 ± 1.2

1.1 ± 1.0

< 0.001

HGB (g/dL)

13.8 ± 2.1

13.8 ± 1.8

13.5 ± 1.9

0.083

12.6 ± 1.9

12.6 ± 2.3

13.4 ± 1.9

13.5 ± 2.0

< 0.001

C-reactive protein (mg/dL)

0.9 ± 2.7

0.8 ± 2.1

1.2 ± 3.3

0.224

1.7 ± 3.0

0.8 ± 2.5

1.1 ± 3.1

1.4 ± 3.9

0.306

HbA1c (%)

5.3 ± 0.2

5.7 ± 0.1

6.2 ± 0.1

 < 0.001

5.7 ± 0.2

6.2 ± 0.1

6.7 ± 0.1

8.3 ± 1.2

< 0.001