Table 1 Selected characteristics of Parkinson's disease cases and controls
Characteristics | Cases (n = 238) | Controls (n = 369) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, year (95% CI) | 68.5 (67.4 - 69.6) | 66.6 (65.7 - 67.4) | 0.007 |
Sex, n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
   Male | 91 (38.2) | 140 (38.0) |  |
   Female | 147 (61.8) | 228 (62.0) | 0.96 |
First degree family | Â | Â | Â |
   history of PD, n (%) | 11 (4.62) | 12 (3.25) | 0.39 |
Smoking status, n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
   Current smoker | 7 (2.94) | 50 (13.6) |  |
   Former smoker | 57 (24.0) | 97 (26.3) |  |
   Non-smoker | 174 (73.1) | 222 (60.2) | < 0.0001 |
Consumption of alcoholic | Â | Â | Â |
   beverages, n (%)* |  |  |  |
   Short-term | 195 (81.9) | 320 (87.9) |  |
   Long-term | 43 (18.1) | 44 (12.1) | 0.041 |
Home pesticide use, n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 117 (49.2) | 202 (54.7) |  |
   No | 121 (50.8) | 167 (45.3) | 0.18 |
Occupational pesticide use, n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 20 (8.4) | 33 (8.9) |  |
   No | 218 (91.6) | 336 (91.1) | 0.82 |
Either home or occupational | Â | Â | Â |
pesticide use, n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 122 (51.3) | 210 (56.9) |  |
   No | 116 (48.7) | 159 (43.1) | 0.17 |
Region of residence, n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
   Fukuoka | 89 (37.4) | 154 (41.7) |  |
   Kinki | 149 (62.6) | 215 (58.3) | 0.29 |