Valid and reliable instruments for arm-hand assessment at ICF activity level in persons with hemiplegia: a systematic review

Table 4 Instruments assessing perceived performance

Measurement instrument	Target population		Number of Items	ICF level(s) of the upper limb items			Tasks included		Activities of daily living included		Upper limb use			Reference
	Stroke	CP		Function	Activity	Participation	Unimanual	Bimanual	Basic	Extended	AOU	QOU	Other description of use^‡	Validity	Reliability	Responsiveness
	Instruments including only items at ICF activity level
Abilhand [42]	√		23		√		√	√	√	√			√	[43]	[43]
Abilhand-kids [44]		√	21		√		√	√	√	√			√	[44]	[44]
COPM [45]	√	√	variable		√		√*	√*	√*	√*			√	[46, 47]	[46, 47]	[47, 48]
DHI [49]	√		18		√		√	√	√	√			√	[49]	[49]	[49]
GAS [50]	√	√	variable		√		√*	√*	√*	√*			√	[51, 52]	[51, 52]	[51, 52]
HFS [53]	√		13		√		√	√	√	√			√	[53]	[53]
MAL [54]	√		26		√		√	√	√	√	√	√		[54]	[54]	[54]
pMAL [55]		√	22		√		√	√	√	√	√	√		[56]	[56]
	Instruments combining items at ICF activity level with items at ICF function level
UE Item Bank [57]		√	49	√	√		√	√	√	√			√	[58, 59]	[58]

‡ = This subcategory covers answers like "can be performed (yes/no)" or "independent performance (yes/no/partly)"; or descriptive answers like "How much effort does it take to perform the task?". * = item can be chosen by therapist/patient and can therefore be unimanual or bimanual and basic ADL or extended ADL.
CP = cerebral palsy; AOU = amount of use; QOU = quality of use.
COPM = Canadian Occupational Performance Measure; DHI = Duruoz Hand Index; GAS = Goal Attainment Scaling; HFS = Hand Function Survey, MAL = Motor Activity Log; pMAL = Pediatric Motor Activity Log; UE Item bank = upper extremity item bank

ISSN: 1471-2377