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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of COI patients and normal controls

From: Structural and cognitive deficits in chronic carbon monoxide intoxication: a voxel-based morphometry study

 

Patients with chronic COI

Normal group

F†

p †value

Non-DE group

DE group

All patients

Definition

without DE

with DE

Chronic COI

Healthy control

  

Number of cases

11

11

22

15

  

Sex (n = men/women)

4/7

3/8

7/15

7/8

  

Age (years)

40.55 ± 9.45

41.64 ± 9.47

41.09 ± 9.25

36.27 ± 10.41

2.193

0.148

Education

13.00 ± 1.70 #

12.25 ± 2.44 §

12.67 ± 2.03

15.20 ± 1.47 #§

16.213

0.000

Duration of follow-up (month)

27.73 ± 13.66

22.36 ± 16.82

25.05 ± 15.20

-

  

Conventional MRI findings during the acute stage (n = normal/basal ganglia/WM lesions)

6/0/0

3/7/4

9/7/4

-

  

COHb% during the acute stage

12.50 ± 13.02

22.8 ± 17.60

15.95 ± 15.03

-

  

Total intracranial volume (TIV) (cm 3 )

1459.26 ± 136.37

1469.58 ± 148.12

1464.42 ± 139.04

1473.29 ± 157.60

0.135

0.715

Gray matter (GM)

670.41 ± 56.26

662.79 ± 69.09

666.60 ± 61.61

683.34 ± 65.58

0.034

0.856

White matter (WM)

490.27 ± 54.82

498.18 ± 54.61

494.22 ± 53.55

495.54 ± 53.09

0.086

0.771

WCST

      

Perseverative response (PR)

17.60 ± 17.20

17.00 ± 14.92

17.33 ± 15.76

6.93 ± 3.56

3.705

0.064

Perseverative error (PE)

14.80 ± 12.43

14.25 ± 11.76

14.56 ±11.78

6.73 ± 3.10

3.943

0.057

Non-perseverative error (NPE)

9.30 ± 3.62

10.00 ± 2.73

9.61 ±3.18

7.27 ± 3.71

2.923

0.098

Percent conceptual level response

49.85 ± 23.07 #

52.35 ± 22.75

50.96 ±22.29

71.98 ± 13.29 #

7.245

0.012 *

Completed categories

2.40 ± 1.51

2.13 ± 1.36

2.28 ±1.41

3.73 ± 1.33

4.069

0.053

Failure to maintain set

0.40 ± 0.70

0.63 ± 0.74

0.50 ± 0.71

0.47 ± 0.74

2.023

0.166

WAIS

      

Picture completion

13.80 ± 3.77

13.13 ± 5.84

13.50 ±4.66

17.93 ±3.43

4.766

0.038 *

Digit symbol

65.60 ± 20.10 #

60.50 ± 16.01 §

63.33 ±18.06

92.20 ± 14.90 #§

10.475

0.003 **

Symbol search

28.30 ± 6.95 #

22.88 ± 14.20 §

25.89 ±10.78

40.00 ± 8.13 #§

6.765

0.015 *

Matrix reasoning

14.00 ± 4.62

12.13 ± 4.26

13.17 ±4.44

17.40 ± 6.13

0.339

0.565

  1. Age and education data were compared by ANOVA. TIV, GM, and WM data were compared by ANCOVA after controlling for age and sex.
  2. NP data (WAIS and WCST) were compared by ANCOVA after controlling for age, sex, and education.
  3. Data are presented as mean ± SD.
  4. F† and p† represent the comparison between all COI patients vs. the normal control group.
  5. #Significant differences between the normal group and the non-DE group in the post-hoc analysis with Bonferroni’s correction.
  6. §Significant differences between the normal group and the DE-group in the post-hoc analysis with Bonferroni’s correction.
  7. Boldfaced values represent significant differences (p ≤ 0.05).
  8. Abbreviations: WAIS Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; WCST Wisconsin Card Sorting Test.
  9. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001.
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BMC Neurology

ISSN: 1471-2377

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