From: Cross-sectional area variations of internal jugular veins during supine head rotation in multiple sclerosis patients with chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency: a prospective diagnostic controlled study with duplex ultrasound investigation
MS patients with CCSVI
Healthy controls
1. Normal
73/626 11.7%
557/596 93.5%
2. Only VDs
308/626 49.2%
39/596 6.5%
3. Hypoplasia
47/626 7.5%
0/596 0%
4. Miopragia
170/626 27.1%
5. Miopragia + VDs
28/626 4.5%