Table 3 Performance in individual neuropsychological tests

SDMT [61]

52.30 (12.34)

44.29 (9.63)

t = 2.60

48.31 (8.87)

40.00^* (9.24)

42.50 (9.71)

F = 3.47

p = 0.01

p = 0.02

PASAT [52,53]

48.80 (10.44)

43.44 (11.06)

t = 1.74

48.54 (5.38)

34.67^* (12.49)

44.70 (11.31)

F = 4.65

p = 0.089

p = 0.006

Forward Digit Span [62]

11.10 (1.92)

9.94 (1.83)

t = 2.19

10.38 (1.98)

10.00 (1.50)

9.30 (1.89)

F = 2.24

p = 0.033

p = 0.10

Pegboard (Dominant/Non-dominant hand) [63]

27.40 (4.56)

33.95 (9.87)

t = 3.24

32.25 (9.29)

32.80 (5.48)

37.19^* (13.30)

F = 3.35

p = 0.002

p = 0.03

SRT Immediate [64,65]

53.65 (6.85)

39.09 (10.96)

t = 5.32

42.08^* (11.62)

39.11^* (12.43)

35.20^* (8.15)

F = 14.31

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

SRT CLTR [64,65]

36.85 (13.14)

18.00 (13.24)

t = 5.01

21.00^* (14.50)

19.11 (16.44)

13.10^* (6.49)

F = 13.85

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

SRT Delayed [64,65]

8.10 (2.43)

5.53 (2.55)

t = 3.60

6.46 (2.50)

5.11^* (2.89)

4.70^* (2.11)

F = 5.67

p = 0.001

p = 0.005

Tower of Hanoi, Time [60,66]

317.25 (139.78)

384.81 (132.47)

t = 1.74

417.67 (118.32)

390.67 (179.25)

340.11(95.56)

F = 1.61

p = 0.088

p = 0.20

WCST 64-cards, correct sorts [67]

50.65 (3.88)

47.13 (7.71)

t = 2.18

48.92 (8.35)

44.11 (8.42)

47.50 (5.89)

F = 2.07

p = 0.034

p = 0.14

WCST 64-cards, perseverative errors [67]

6.45 (2.11)

8.44 (5.65)

t = 1.46

7.85 (5.06)

8.44 (4.10)

6.90 (2.92)

F = 0.83

p = 0.15

p = 0.48

Backward Digit Span [62]

7.65 (1.79)

6.22 (2.01)

t = 2.60

6.77 (1.79)

5.78 (2.82)

5.90^* (1.37)

F = 3.14

p = 0.012

p = 0.046

FAS Total Correct [68]

46.50 (10.59)

36.69 (9.10)

t = 3.55

38.15 (10.37)

36.33^* (9.14)

35.10^* (7.84)

F = 4.28

p = 0.001

p = 0.009

SRT Intrusions [64,65]

Md. 0.00 (Rg. 0–12)

Md. 1.00 (Rg. 0–6)

U = 230 p = 0.09

Md. 1.00 (Rg. 0–3)

Md. 0.00 (Rg. 0–4)

Md. 1 (Rg. 0–6)

χ² = 5.26

p = 1.54