Advertisement
Table 3 Performance in individual neuropsychological tests
| Neuropsychological domain/test | HCs (n = 20) | All MS patients (n = 32) | Test | RR-1 (n = 13) | RR-2 (n = 9) | SP (n = 10) | Test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Processing speed composite score | |||||||
| SDMT [61] | 52.30 (12.34) | 44.29 (9.63) | t = 2.60 | 48.31 (8.87) | 40.00* (9.24) | 42.50 (9.71) | F = 3.47 |
| p = 0.01 | p = 0.02 | ||||||
| PASAT [52,53] | 48.80 (10.44) | 43.44 (11.06) | t = 1.74 | 48.54 (5.38) | 34.67* (12.49) | 44.70 (11.31) | F = 4.65 |
| p = 0.089 | p = 0.006 | ||||||
| Forward Digit Span [62] | 11.10 (1.92) | 9.94 (1.83) | t = 2.19 | 10.38 (1.98) | 10.00 (1.50) | 9.30 (1.89) | F = 2.24 |
| p = 0.033 | p = 0.10 | ||||||
| Pegboard (Dominant/Non-dominant hand) [63] | 27.40 (4.56) | 33.95 (9.87) | t = 3.24 | 32.25 (9.29) | 32.80 (5.48) | 37.19* (13.30) | F = 3.35 |
| p = 0.002 | p = 0.03 | ||||||
| Memory composite score | |||||||
| SRT Immediate [64,65] | 53.65 (6.85) | 39.09 (10.96) | t = 5.32 | 42.08* (11.62) | 39.11* (12.43) | 35.20* (8.15) | F = 14.31 |
| p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
| SRT CLTR [64,65] | 36.85 (13.14) | 18.00 (13.24) | t = 5.01 | 21.00* (14.50) | 19.11 (16.44) | 13.10* (6.49) | F = 13.85 |
| p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
| SRT Delayed [64,65] | 8.10 (2.43) | 5.53 (2.55) | t = 3.60 | 6.46 (2.50) | 5.11* (2.89) | 4.70* (2.11) | F = 5.67 |
| p = 0.001 | p = 0.005 | ||||||
| Executive functions composite score | |||||||
| Tower of Hanoi, Time [60,66] | 317.25 (139.78) | 384.81 (132.47) | t = 1.74 | 417.67 (118.32) | 390.67 (179.25) | 340.11(95.56) | F = 1.61 |
| p = 0.088 | p = 0.20 | ||||||
| WCST 64-cards, correct sorts [67] | 50.65 (3.88) | 47.13 (7.71) | t = 2.18 | 48.92 (8.35) | 44.11 (8.42) | 47.50 (5.89) | F = 2.07 |
| p = 0.034 | p = 0.14 | ||||||
| WCST 64-cards, perseverative errors [67] | 6.45 (2.11) | 8.44 (5.65) | t = 1.46 | 7.85 (5.06) | 8.44 (4.10) | 6.90 (2.92) | F = 0.83 |
| p = 0.15 | p = 0.48 | ||||||
| Backward Digit Span [62] | 7.65 (1.79) | 6.22 (2.01) | t = 2.60 | 6.77 (1.79) | 5.78 (2.82) | 5.90* (1.37) | F = 3.14 |
| p = 0.012 | p = 0.046 | ||||||
| FAS Total Correct [68] | 46.50 (10.59) | 36.69 (9.10) | t = 3.55 | 38.15 (10.37) | 36.33* (9.14) | 35.10* (7.84) | F = 4.28 |
| p = 0.001 | p = 0.009 | ||||||
| SRT Intrusions [64,65] | Md. 0.00 (Rg. 0–12) | Md. 1.00 (Rg. 0–6) | U = 230 p = 0.09 | Md. 1.00 (Rg. 0–3) | Md. 0.00 (Rg. 0–4) | Md. 1 (Rg. 0–6) | χ2 = 5.26 |
| p = 1.54 | |||||||
