Table 1 Comparison between survivor and non-survivor TBI patients
Non-survivors | Survivors | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
(n = 27) | (n = 73) | ||
Sex female - n (%) | 11 (40.7) | 12 (16.4) | 0.02 |
Admission abnormal pupils - n (%) | 12 (44.4) | 11 (15.1) | 0.003 |
Marshall CT classification - n (%) | 0.002 | ||
Non-evacuated mass lesion | 8 (29.6) | 3 (4.1) | |
Evacuated mass lesion | 5 (18.5) | 26 (35.6) | |
Type 4 injury | 6 (22.2) | 10 (13.7) | |
Type 3 injury | 5 (18.5) | 13 (17.8) | |
Type 2 injury | 3 (11.1) | 21 (28.8) | |
Type 1 injury | 0 | 0 | |
CT with high risk of death (types 3,4,6) - n (%) | 19 (70.4) | 26 (35.6 %) | 0.003 |
Age (years) - median (p 25–75) | 66 (45–76) | 47 (32–67) | <0.001 |
Temperature (°C) - median (p 25–75) | 36.0 (35.0–37.0) | 37. (35.6–37.3) | 0.12 |
Sodium (mEq/L) - median (p 25–75) | 141 (135–149) | 139 (138–142) | 0.19 |
Glycemia (g/dL) - median (p 25–75) | 161 (142–189) | 139 (120–163) | 0.08 |
Leukocytes *103/mm3 - median (p 25–75) | 18.3 (10.7–23.9) | 14.7 (10.2–19.3) | 0.46 |
PaO2 (mmHg) - median (p 25–75) | 141 (104–186) | 151 (116–217) | 0.34 |
PaO2/FI02 ratio - median (p 25–75) | 190 (154–316) | 336 (242–407) | 0.11 |
Bilirubin (mg/dl) - median (p 25–75) | 0.75 (0.53–1.05) | 0.50 (0.40–0.87) | 0.045 |
Creatinine (mg/dl) - median (p 25–75) | 0.95 (0.70–1.10) | 0.80 (0.70–0.90) | 0.44 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) - median (p 25–75) | 11.1 (9.4–12.3) | 11.4 (10.4–13.0) | 0.87 |
Glasgow Coma Scale score - median (p 25–75) | 3 (3–6) | 7 (6–8) | <0.001 |
Lactic acid (mmol/L) - median (p 25–75) | 1.90 (1.15–4.55) | 1.70 (1.23–2.50) | 0.16 |
Platelets *103/mm3 - median (p 25–75) | 215 (139–264) | 182 (143–252) | 0.48 |
International normalized ratio - median (p 25–75) | 1.22 (1.01–1.67) | 1.03 (0.92–1.15) | 0.15 |
aPTT (seconds) - median (p 25–75) | 26 (25–31) | 28 (25–32) | 0.86 |
Fibrinogen (mg/dl) - median (p 25–75) | 376 (246–560) | 350 (282–444) | 0.32 |
APACHE-II score - median (p 25–75) | 26 (25–32) | 19 (17–23) | <0.001 |
Injury Severity Score - median (p 25–75) | 25 (25–27) | 25 (25–32) | 0.24 |
Intracranial pressure (mmHg) - median (p 25–75) | 20 (12–30) | 15 (14–20) | 0.27 |
Cerebral perfusion pressure (mmHg) - median (p 25-75) | 60 (54–69) | 68 (57–70) | 0.46 |
Malondialdehyde (nmol/mL) - median (p 25–75) | 1.99 (1.31–2.76) | 1.35 (1.02–1.79) | <0.001 |
Total antioxidant capacity (nmol/mL) - median (p 25–75) | 5.09 (2.78–9.95) | 2.31 (1.85–2.84) | <0.001 |