Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study population (N = 376)
Maternal characteristic | n (%) |
|---|---|
Age | |
≤ 20 years | 10 (2.7) |
> 20 to 30 years | 181 (48.1) |
> 30 to 40 years | 178 (47.3) |
> 40 to 50 years | 7 (1.9) |
Obstetric history | |
≥ 1 prior pregnancy | 221 (58.8) |
1 prior pregnancy resulting in fetal stillbirth (≥ 22 weeks) | 2 (0.5) |
1 prior miscarriage | 53 (14.1) |
2 prior miscarriages | 11 (2.9) |
3 prior miscarriages | 4 (1.1) |
4 prior miscarriages | 1 (0.3) |
> 4 prior miscarriages | 2 (0.5) |
> 4 prior pregnancies resulting in fetal stillbirth (≥ 22 weeks) | 1 (0.3) |
1 prior elective/therapeutic abortion | 28 (7.4) |
2 prior elective/therapeutic abortions | 4 (1.1) |
1 prior ectopic pregnancy | 3 (0.8) |
Concomitant medications | |
Prenatal vitamins | 168 (44.7) |
Baclofen | 29 (7.7) |
Folic acid | 22 (5.9) |
Modafinil | 21 (5.6) |
Multivitamins | 19 (5.1) |
Prior medical history | |
Chicken pox | 294 (78.2) |
Urinary tract infection | 135 (35.9) |
Abnormal Pap test | 109 (29.0) |
Gynecological surgery | 55 (14.6) |
Breathing disorder | 46 (12.2) |
Sexually transmitted disease | 39 (10.4) |
Breast cancer | 1 (0.3) |
Cervical cancer | 1 (0.3) |
Lymphoma | 1 (0.3) |
Melanoma | 1 (0.3) |
Social risk factorsa | |
Caffeine use | 235 (62.5) |
Alcohol consumption | 70 (18.6) |
Tobacco use | 59 (15.7) |
Illicit drug use | 7 (1.2) |