Table 1 Patients’ demographic characteristics

Age, y

74.3 ± 11.9

70.6 ± 10.3

74.6 ± 11.8

0.095^a

Male

242 (56.7 %)

5 (29.4 %)

212 (59.6 %)^d

0.014^b

Hypertension

288 (67.4 %)

14 (82.4 %)

245 (68.8 %)

0.237^b

Diabetes

75 (17.6 %)

0 (0 %)

70 (19.6 %)^d

0.027^c

Dyslipidemia

120 (28.1 %)

3 (17.6 %)

104 (29.2 %)

0.230^c

History of smoking

122 (28.6 %)

2 (11.8 %)

108 (30.3 %)

0.101^b

Habitual drinking

140 (32.8 %)

4 (23.5 %)

125 (35.1 %)

0.327^b

Initial systolic blood pressure, mmHg

162.8 ± 31.6

179.9 ± 26.1^d

162.0 ± 31.6

0.012^a

Initial diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

89.7 ± 20.2

101.8 ± 15.7^d

89.2 ± 20.3

0.003^a

Potassium, mmol/L

4.1 ± 1.1

3.7 ± 0.4

4.1 ± 0.5^d

0.001^a

 Ischemic stroke

256 (60.0 %)

7 (41.2 %)

225 (63.2 %)

0.067^b

  Large artery atherosclerosis

69 (16.2 %)

1 (5.9 %)

62 (17.4 %)

0.185^c

  Cardioembolism

93 (21.8 %)

3 (17.6 %)

81 (22.8 %)

0.443^c

  Small vessel occlusion

38 (8.9 %)

0 (0 %)

34 (9.6 %)

0.190^c

  Undetermined pathogenesis

56 (13.1 %)

3 (17.6 %)

48 (13.5 %)

0.418^c

 Intracerebral hemorrhage

106 (24.8 %)

8 (47.1 %)^d

86 (24.2 %)

0.038^c

 Subarachnoid hemorrhage

38 (8.9 %)

0 (0 %)

24 (6.7 %)

0.315^c

 Transient ischemic attack

27 (6.3 %)

2 (11.8 %)

21 (5.9 %)

0.282^c

Antihypertensive medication

236 (55.3 %)

9 (52.9 %)

203 (57.0 %)

0.740^b

 Calcium antagonist

166 (38.9 %)

9 (52.9 %)

134 (37.6 %)

0.233^b

 ARB / ACEI

123 (28.8 %)

2 (11.8 %)

87 (24.4 %)

0.101^b

 Direct renin inhibitor

1 (0.2 %)

0 (0 %)

1 (0.3 %)

0.954^c

 Diuretic

63 (14.8 %)

1 (5.9 %)

45 (12.6 %)

0.227^c

 Beta blocker

44 (10.3 %)

0 (0 %)

24 (6.7 %)

0.132^c

 Others

8 (1.9 %)

0 (0 %)

7 (2.0 %)

0.754^c