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Table 1 Comparison of clinical characteristics related to early and late onset post-ischemic stroke seizures

From: Clinical predictors of seizure recurrence after the first post-ischemic stroke seizure

Clinical characteristics

Total

Early onset

Late onset

p-value

OR (95 % CI)

 

(N = 124)

(N = 48)

(N = 76)

  

Age (years)

Median

68.0

68.0

69.0

0.670

 
 

Interquartile range

57.0–75.0

55.5–75.8

59.0–74.5

  

Gender

Male

69

29 (60.4 %)

40 (52.6 %)

  
 

Female

55

19 (39.6 %)

36 (47.4 %)

0.395

1.374 (0.660–2.859)

Diabetes mellitus

 

44

20 (41.7 %)

24 (31.6 %)

0.253

0.646 (0.305–1.369)

Hypertension

 

89

33 (68.8 %)

56 (73.7 %)

0.552

1.273 (0.574–2.820)

Atrial fibrillation

 

36

8 (16.7 %)

28 (36.8 %)

0.016*

2.917 (1.197–7.108)

TOAST classification

LAA

69

26 (54.2 %)

43 (56.6 %)

  
 

CE

26

4 (10.4 %)

22 (28.9 %)

  
 

SVO

16

9 (18.8 %)

7 (9.2 %)

  
 

Other determined

2

1 (2.1 %)

1 (1.3 %)

  
 

Undetermined

10

7 (14.6 %)

3 (3.9 %)

  

Lesion size

Small

10

7 (14.6 %)

3 (3.9 %)

  
 

Moderate

31

17 (35.4 %)

14 (18.4 %)

  
 

Large

83

24 (50.0 %)

59 (77.6 %)

0.001**

 

Cortical involvement

 

106

35 (72.9 %)

71 (93.4 %)

0.002**

5.274 (1.742–15.972)

Hemorrhagic transformation

28

8 (16.7 %)

20 (26.3 %)

0.211

1.786 (0.715–4.458)

Vascular territory

ACA

9

3 (6.3 %)

6 (7.9 %)

  
 

MCA

76

23 (47.9 %)

53 (69.7 %)

  
 

ICA

13

6 (12.5 %)

7 (9.2 %)

  
 

Lacune

10

7 (14.6 %)

3 (3.9 %)

  
 

Watershed

6

4 (8.3 %)

2 (2.6 %)

  
 

PCA

7

3 (6.3 %)

4 (5.3 %)

  
 

Venous

2

1 (2.1 %)

1 (1.3 %)

  
 

Brainstem

1

1 (2.1 %)

0

  

Functional disability

Mild

28

16 (33.3 %)

12 (15.8 %)

  
 

Moderate

35

6 (12.5 %)

29 (38.2 %)

  
 

Severe

61

26 (54.2 %)

35 (46.1 %)

0.527

 

Status epilepticus

 

33

13 (27.1 %)

20 (26.3 %)

0.925

0.962 (0.425–2.175)

EEG findings

Normal

20

9 (18.8 %)

11 (14.5 %)

  

(n = 116)

Generalized slow

17

9 (18.8 %)

8 (10.5 %)

  
 

Regional slow

59

19 (39.6 %)

40 (52.6 %)

  
 

Epileptiform discharge

20

8 (16.7 %)

12 (15.8 %)

0.136a

1.825 (0.824–4.040)

Clinical seizure type

Generalized

68

23 (47.9 %)

45 (59.2 %)

  
 

Partial

56

25 (52.1 %)

31 (40.8 %)

0.218

0.634 (0.306–1.312)

Seizure recurrence

 

54

17 (35.4 %)

37 (48.7 %)

0.147

1.730 (0.823–3.637)

  1. OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, TOAST Trials of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment, LAA Large artery atherosclerosis, CE Cardioembolism, SVO Small vessel occlusion, ACA anterior cerebral artery, MCA middle cerebral artery, ICA internal cerebral artery, PCA posterior cerebral artery, EEG electroencephalography
  2. Statistical significance with p < 0.05* and p < 0.01**
  3. a Variables were substituted whether EEG findings were correlated with the relevant stroke lesion to evaluate the p-value
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BMC Neurology

ISSN: 1471-2377

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