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Table 2 Predictors and associated ORs of post-stroke pneumonia

From: Predictors of post-stroke fever and infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Predictor

Overall combined OR with p-value

I2 with p-value

Number of studies

Age [28, 39, 42–43, 45, 50–52, 54–57]

1.07 (1.04–1.11) p < 0.001

98.5% p < 0.001

12

Male [28, 32, 38, 44–45, 52–53, 55–56]

1.42 (1.17–1.74) p = 0,001

77.8% p < 0.001

9

NIHSS [28, 40, 42–33, 50–52, 55, 57]

1.07 (1.05–1.09) p < 0.001

82.4% * P < 0.001

9

Dysphagia [29, 34, 38, 42–45, 48, 51–52, 57]

3.53 (2.69–4.64) p < 0.001

86.6% p < 0.001

11

Nasogastric tube [29, 31, 33, 49, 54]

5.29 (3.01–9.32) p < 0.001

65.3% p = 0.01

5

Diabetes [35, 38–39, 47, 50, 52, 54, 56]

1.15 (1.08–1.23) p < 0.001

77.9% p < 0.001

8

Mechanical ventilation [29, 44, 49, 54]

4.65 (2.50–8.65) p < 0.001

61.8% p = 0.02

4

Previous stroke [32, 46, 50]

1.03 (0.96–1.10) p = 0.438

77.5% p < 0.001

3

Smoking [42–43, 50]

1.16 (1.08–1.26) p < 0.001

75.6% p < 0.001

3

COPD [23, 42–43]

4.48 (1.82–11.00) p = 0.001

81.1% p < 0.001

3

Atrial fibrillation [38, 42, 50]

1.37 (1.22–1.55) p < 0.001

93.7% p < 0.001

3

Dysphagia screening [39, 41, 50]

1.17 (0.95–1.43) p = 0.145

91.5% p < 0.001

3

Hypertension [36, 39, 50]

0.95 (0.87–1.04) p = 0.232

85.1% p < 0.001

3